Schizophrenia and osteoporosis
Abstract
Although it has been suggested that antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia in schizophrenic patients may lead to an increased risk of osteoporosis, this has not been proven. Osteoporosis is a multifactorial disease, and untreated patients with schizophrenia are at risk due to both the consequences of the disease and related lifestyle factors. Evidence from available studies does not show that antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinaemia is an independent risk factor for osteoporosis in schizophrenic patients. Osteoporosis would be expected in women who develop amenorrhoea as a result of hyperprolactinaemia secondary to antipsychotics, but there is no plausible mechanism in men. The uncertainty over this issue underlines the need for full medical and metabolic assessment and monitoring of psychiatric patients.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In comparison with the general population, untreated patients with schizophrenia appear to have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis.
“In comparison with the general population, untreated patients with schizophrenia appear to have an increased risk of developing osteoporosis.”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [471]
The increased risk of osteoporosis in untreated schizophrenia is due to the disease itself and to risk factors related to lifestyle (e.g., smoking, reduced physical activity, alcohol abuse, vitamin D and calcium deficiency, polydipsia).
“On the one hand, this is because of the disease itself, on the other hand, because of risk factors related to their lifestyle (e.g., smoking, reduced physical activity, alcohol abuse, vitamin D and calcium deficiency, polydipsia) (470-476).”
From Physical illness in patients with severe mental disorders. I. Prevalence, impact of medications and disparities in health care (2011) · cites this paper as [471]
Cites
Prolactin Levels and Adverse Events in Patients Treated with Risperidone
Kleinberg, D. L., Davis, J. M., Coster, R. D., van Baelen, B., & Brecher, M. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-199902000-00011 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Breier, A. F., Malhotra, A. K., Su, T., Pinals, D. A., Elman, I., Adler, C. M., Lafargue, R. T., Clifton, A. D., & Pickar, D. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.2.294 · Cited by 207 · see citing works
Decreased Bone Mineral Density in Medicated Psychiatric Patients
Halbreich, U. M., Rojansky, N., Palter, S. F., Hreshchyshyn, M. M., Kreeger, J., Bakhai, Y., & Rosan, R. C. (1995) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-199509000-00011 · Cited by 193 · see citing works
Elevation of Prolactin Levels by Atypical Antipsychotics
Turrone, P., Kapur, S., Seeman, M. V., & Flint, A. J. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.1.133 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Neuroleptic-induced hyperprolactinemia
Dickson, R. A. (1999) · Schizophrenia Research · doi:10.1016/s0920-9964(98)00159-5 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Accelerated Osteoporosis in Psychiatric Patients: Possible Pathophysiological Processes
Halbreich, U. M., & Palter, S. F. (1996) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/22.3.447 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Cohen, A. J., & Roe, F. J. C. (2000) · Food and Chemical Toxicology · doi:10.1016/s0278-6915(99)00145-3 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Kim, K., Pae, C., Chae, J., Bahk, W., Jun, T.-Y., Kim, D., & Dickson, R. A. (2002) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v63n0506 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
The effects of testosterone on osteoporosis in men
Francis (1999) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00730.x · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Nutrition, Osteoporosis, and Aging
NORDIN, B. E. C., Need, A. G., Steurer, T. A., et al. (1998) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb09914.x · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Hyperprolactinaemia caused by antipsychotic drugs
Wieck, A. (2002) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.324.7332.250 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Plasma Prolactin and Central D2 Receptor Occupancy in Antipsychotic Drug-Treated Patients
Nordström, A., & Farde, L. (1998) · Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/00004714-199808000-00010 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Prolactin and schizophrenia: clinical consequences of hyperprolactinaemia
Meaney, A. M., & O’Keane, V. (2002) · Life Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0024-3205(02)01775-7 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Bone density and reproductive hormones in patients with neuroleptic-induced hyperprolactinemia
Ataya, K. M., Mercado, A., Kartaginer, J., Abbasi, A., & Moghissi, K. S. (1988) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/s0015-0282(16)60365-5 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Markianos, M., Hatzimanolis, J., & Lykouras, L. P. (2001) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s004060170049 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
CLASSICAL AND ATYPICAL NEUROLEPTICS, AND BONE MINERAL DENSITY, IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA
BILICI, M., CAKIRBAY, H., GULER, M., TOSUN, M., ULGEN, M., & TAN, U. (2002) · International Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/00207450290025833 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Osteoporosis and schizophrenia: Can we limit known risk factors?
Abraham, G., Friedman, R. H., Verghese, C., & de Leon, J. (1995) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/0006-3223(95)00062-l · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Pattern of Development of Hyperprolactinemia After Initiation of Haloperidol Therapy
Spitzer, M. (1998) · Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/s0029-7844(98)00066-0 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Zhang, X., Zhou, D. F., Yuan, C. L., et al. (2002) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00022-7 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
BONE MINERAL DENSITY, SEX HORMONES, AND LONG-TERM USE OF NEUROLEPTIC AGENTS IN MEN
Keely, M., Reiss, M., Drinkwater, P., & Faiman, M. (1997) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.4158/ep.3.4.209 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Osteoporosis associated with neuroleptic treatment. A case report.
Kartaginer, J., Ataya, K. M., Mercado, A., & Abbasi, A. A. (1990) · PubMed · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Chou, J. C.-Y., Douyon, R., Czobor, P., Volavka, J., & Cooper, T. B. (1998) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(98)00085-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Prolactin Elevation With Quetiapine
ALEXIADIS, M., Whitehorn, D., Woodley, H. G., et al. (2002) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.159.9.1608 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Prolactic serum levels after long term risperidone treatment
Smedt, G. D., Binder, C., Findling, R. L., et al. (2002) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0924-977x(02)80438-2 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
DE HERT, M., CORRELL, C. U., BOBES, J., CETKOVICH‐BAKMAS, M., COHEN, D., ASAI, I., DETRAUX, J., GAUTAM, S., MÖLLER, H., NDETEI, D. M., et al. (2011) · World Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/j.2051-5545.2011.tb00014.x · Cited by 2,488 · see citing works
- Authors
- Lean, M., & De Smedt, G.
- Venue
- International Clinical Psychopharmacology
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 31-35
- ISSN
- 0268-1315 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2018929164
- Cited by
- 27
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- International Clinical Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, osteoporosis, amenorrhea, bone health, risk factors, metabolic monitoring, untreated schizophrenia
- MeSH terms
- Bone and Bones, Humans, Hyperprolactinemia, Osteoporosis, Prolactin, Risk Factors, Schizophrenia, Antipsychotic Agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
