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Effects of ACTH and Cortisol Administration on Blood Pressure, Electrolyte Metabolism, Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Renal Function in Normal Man
Abstract
Both Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and glucocorticoids raise blood pressure in man and animals, but the relationship of this and altered renal function to other cardiovascular variables, and the differences and similarities of the effects of the two agonists have not been fully explained. The present study compares the effects of ACTH (0.5 mg i.m; every 12 h) and cortisol (50 mg orally, every 6 h) in six normal men over a period of 5 days, preceded and followed by control periods of 3 and 2 days, respectively. Plasma cortisol levels were higher during ACTH treatment than during cortisol treatment. Both treatments raised blood pressure significantly and caused a marked antinatriuresis and expansion of extracellular fluid and plasma volume. ACTH also enhanced potassium excretion but this was less obvious for cortisol. Plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide rose to more than twice the basal level with both treatments. Both treatments markedly altered renal function. They raised glomerular filtration rate (GFR), i.e. inulin clearance (141% with ACTH; 113% with cortisol) although creatinine clearance was not changed, showing this to be an unreliable index during steroid administration. Filtration fraction (FF) also increased during both treatments, and renal blood flow (RBF) fell, although this achieved statistical significance only during cortisol treatment. Effective renal plasma flow [para-amino hippurate (PAH) clearance] remained unchanged while calculated renal vascular resistance increased. Fractional sodium reabsorption also rose but achieved statistical significance only during ACTH treatment. The similarity of response to treatment suggests that cortisol is largely responsible for the effects of ACTH.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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“Chronic high circulating levels of ACTH, caused by excess anterior pituitary secretion (e.g. Cushing’s disease) or by infusion of ACTH, are associated with hypertension in humans and experimental animals [10–12].”
From Role of the brain melanocortins in blood pressure regulation (2017) · cites this paper as [10]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Connell, J. M. C., Whitworth, J. A., Davies, D. L., Lever, A. F., Richards, A. M., & Fraser, R.
- Affiliations
- Western Infirmary (GB)
- ORCID
- Davies, David L.
- Venue
- Journal of Hypertension
- Published
- 1987-08
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 425???434
- ISSN
- 0263-6352 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2002017042
- Cited by
- 188
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal Regulation and Hypertension
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- ACTH, cortisol, glucocorticoids, blood pressure, antinatriuresis, extracellular fluid expansion, plasma volume, potassium excretion, atrial natriuretic peptide, renal function, glomerular filtration rate, filtration fraction, renal blood flow, renal vascular resistance, sodium reabsorption, electrolyte metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone, Adult, Blood Pressure, Electrolytes, Extracellular Space, Hemodynamics, Humans, Hydrocortisone, Kidney, Male, Middle Aged, Natriuresis, Atrial Natriuretic Factor, Renin-Angiotensin System
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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