Cited by 3,395Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationSpine and Intervertebral Disc PathologyPregnancy-related medical research

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A Study of the Natural History of Back Pain: Part I

ROLAND, MARTIN, MORRIS, RICHARD·1983·Spine

DOI 10.1097/00007632-198303000-00004

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Abstract

One of the problems in mounting a trial of treatment of back pain is the lack of suitable outcome measures. This paper describes the development and validation of a questionnaire designed to measure selfrated disability due to back pain. The questionnaire is short, simple, sensitive, and reliable. It would be suitable for use in future trials of treatment.

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MethodResult
Is adherence to pain self‐management strategies associated with improved pain, depression and disability in those with disabling chronic pain?
Nicholas, M. K., Asghari̇, A., Corbett, M., Smeets, R., Wood, B. M., Overton, S., Perry, C. J., Tonkin, L., & Beeston, L. (2011) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.06.005 · Cited by 135
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Method
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Quality of life bibliography and indexes.
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Background
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“The use of the 6-step protocol is illustrated with an analysis of a 24-item measure of selfrated disability, the Sickness Impact Profile – Roland Scale (RM-SIP), commonly used in pain conditions (Jensen, Strom, Turner, & Romano, 1992; Roland & Morris, 1983; Stroud, McKnight, & Jensen, 2004).”
Method
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Method
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Method
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“For assessing ‘‘back-specific function‘’, most state-of-the-art reviews [6, 11] recommend either the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI [15, 16] or the Roland Morris Questionnaire (RM [28]).”
BackgroundMethod
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“Control 3 (7) 27 (60) 4 (9) 4 (9) 0 (0) 4 (9) 2 (4) 1 (2) GH Exper 0 (0) 3 (7) 3 (7) 31 (69) 0 (0) 1 (2) 4 (9) 3 (7) Control 1 (2) 34 (76) 3 (7) 7 (16) 0 (0) 0 (0) 3 (7) 0 (0) VT Exper 0 (0) 3 (7) 1 (2) 26 (58) 0 (0) 1 (2) 9 (20) 5 (11) Control 1 (2) 23 (51) 1 (2) 1 (2) 0 (0) 4 (9) 15 (33) 0 (0) SF Exper 0 (0) 9 (20)…”
Influential
Retracted
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Method
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Background
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“Secondary outcome measures Clinical outcomes included functional status, measured with the well validated Roland Disability Questionnaire [28, 29]; pain intensity, measured on a 10-point numerical rating scale [30, 31].”
Method
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“A research assistant checked the inclusion criteria: age between 18 and 65 years, non-specific low back pain for more than 3 months resulting in disability (Roland Disability Questionnaire score [RDQ] > 3) (Roland and Morris, 1983), and ability to walk at least 100 m.”
Background
The Effectiveness of an Early Active Intervention Program for Workers With Soft-Tissue Injuries
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“For disability assessment, Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) was used [27, 28].”
Method
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Bovenzi, M. (2010) · Industrial Health · doi:10.2486/indhealth.mswbvi-02 · Cited by 125
Continuous low-level heatwrap therapy for treating acute nonspecific low back pain
Nadler, S. F., Steiner, D. J., Erasala, G. N., Hengehold, D. A., Abeln, S. B., & Weingand, K. W. (2003) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1053/apmr.2003.50102 · Cited by 118
Pain‐related fear in acute low back pain: the first two weeks of a new episode
Sieben, J. M., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Tuerlinckx, S., & Portegijs, P. J. M. (2002) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1053/eujp.2002.0341 · Cited by 119
“No time-shift between pain catastrophizing and pain or between pain-related fear and pain could be demonstrated; top-levels in pain-related fear and ility (RDQ) at baseline, day 14, 3-months follow-up and descending and (2) rising patterns of pain-related fear ariate post-hoc F-tests in MANOVA-procedure. pain catastro…”
MethodInfluential
Early Aggressive Exercise for Postoperative Rehabilitation After Discectomy
Danielsen, J. M., Johnsen, R., Kibsgaard, S. K., & Hellevik, E. (2000) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200004150-00017 · Cited by 118
Virtual reality distraction induces hypoalgesia in patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized controlled trial
Matheve, T., Bogaerts, K., & Timmermans, A. (2020) · Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s12984-020-00688-0 · Cited by 118
Comparison of the Redundancy, Reliability, and Responsiveness to Change Among SF-36, Oswestry Disability Index, and Multidimensional Pain Inventory
Wittink, H. M., Turk, D. C., Carr, D. B., Sukiennik, A., & Rogers, W. H. (2004) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/00002508-200405000-00002 · Cited by 117
Somatotopically specific primary somatosensory connectivity to salience and default mode networks encodes clinical pain
Kim, J., Mawla, I., Kong, J., Lee, J., Gerber, J. A., Ortiz, A., Kim, H., Chan, S., Loggia, M. L., Wasan, A. D., et al. (2019) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001541 · Cited by 120
Allograft Versus Autograft in Instrumented Posterolateral Lumbar Spinal Fusion
Gibson, S., McLeod, I. A., Wardlaw, D., et al. (2002) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200208010-00002 · Cited by 116
Prescription medication misuse and substance use disorder in VA primary care patients with chronic pain
Morasco, B. J., & Dobscha, S. K. (2008) · General Hospital Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2007.12.004 · Cited by 114
Responsiveness of general health status in chronic low back pain: a comparison of the COOP charts and the SF-36
Bronfort, G., & Bouter, L. M. (1999) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00103-7 · Cited by 114
“This instrument has measures of reliability, validity and responsiveness similar to the much longer, highly reliable and valid sickness impact pro®le (SIP) from which it was derived (Roland and Morris, 1983).”
Method
Quantified Pain Drawing in Subacute Low Back Pain
Öhlund, C., Eek, C., Palmblad, S., Areskoug, B., & NACHEMSON, A. L. (1996) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-199605010-00005 · Cited by 115
Effects of Trigger Point Acupuncture on Chronic Low Back Pain in Elderly Patients – a Sham-Controlled Randomised Trial
Itoh, K., Katsumi, Y., Hirota, S., & Kitakoji, H. (2006) · Acupuncture in Medicine · doi:10.1136/aim.24.1.5 · Cited by 117
Returning the chronically unemployed with low back pain to employment
Watson, P., Booker, C. K., Moores, L. L., & Main, C. J. (2003) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.ejpain.2003.11.003 · Cited by 118
“The measure possesses excellent reliability, validity and responsiveness (Roland and Morris, 1983; Roland and Fairbank, 2000).”
Background
Validation of the hospital anxiety and depression scale in patients with acute low back pain
Turk, D. C., Dworkin, R. H., Trudeau, J. J., Benson, C., Biondi, D. M., Katz, N. P., & Kim, M. (2015) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2015.07.001 · Cited by 115
Do psychological factors predict outcome in both low-back pain and shoulder pain?
van der Windt, D., Kuijpers, T., Jellema, P., van der Heijden, G. J. M. G., & Bouter, L. M. (2006) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2006.053553 · Cited by 123
Analgesic tolerance without demonstrable opioid-induced hyperalgesia: A double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of sustained-release morphine for treatment of chronic nonradicular low-back pain
Chu, L. F., D’Arcy, N. T., Brady, C. M., Zamora, A. K., Young, C. A., Kim, J. E., Clemenson, A., Angst, M. S., & Clark, J. D. (2012) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2012.02.028 · Cited by 115
“The Roland-Morris Disability Scale [30] was administered to measure self-rated disability in patients with chronic low-back pain.”
Method
Efficacy of virtual reality to reduce chronic low back pain: Proof-of-concept of a non-pharmacological approach on pain, quality of life, neuropsychological and functional outcome
Alemanno, F., Houdayer, E., Emedoli, D., Locatelli, M., Mortini, P., Mandelli, C., Raggi, A., & Iannaccone, S. (2019) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0216858 · Cited by 113
The importance of symptom duration in determining prognosis
Dunn, K. M., & Croft, P. R. (2006) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2005.12.012 · Cited by 114
Presurgical biopsychosocial factors predict multidimensional patient: outcomes of interbody cage lumbar fusion
LaCaille, R. A., DeBerard, M. S., Masters, K. S., Colledge, A. L., & Bacon, W. (2005) · The Spine Journal · doi:10.1016/j.spinee.2004.08.004 · Cited by 112
Effectiveness of workplace rehabilitation interventions in the treatment of work-related low back pain: A systematic review
Williams, R. M., Westmorland, M. G., Lin, C. A., Schmuck, G., & Creen, M. (2006) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638280600841513 · Cited by 112
Factors Influencing the Use of Outcome Measures for Patients With Low Back Pain: A Survey of New Zealand Physical Therapists
Copeland, J., Taylor, W. J., & Dean, S. G. (2008) · Physical Therapy · doi:10.2522/ptj.20080083 · Cited by 113
Screening for Yellow Flags in First-time Acute Low Back Pain: Reliability and Validity of a Norwegian Version of the Acute Low Back Pain Screening Questionnaire
Grotle, M., Vøllestad, N. K., & Brox, J. I. (2006) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/01.ajp.0000208243.33498.cb · Cited by 111
“Disability in daily activities was assessed using the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMQ).(14) Twenty of the items in the RMQ concern limitations in different daily life activities due to LBP and the other 4 items concern pain, sleep, appetite, and emotional functions.”
Method
Using ROC Curves to Choose Minimally Important Change Thresholds when Sensitivity and Specificity Are Valued Equally: The Forgotten Lesson of Pythagoras. Theoretical Considerations and an Example Application of Change in Health Status
Froud, R., & Abel, G. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0114468 · Cited by 113
Brief report: Patient-physician agreement as a predictor of outcomes
Staiger, T. O., Jarvik, J. G., Deyo, R. A., Martin, B. I., & Braddock, C. H. (2005) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1525-1497.2005.0175.x · Cited by 113
Systematic review of conservative interventions for subacute low back pain
Pengel, H. M., Maher, C. G., & Refshauge, K. M. (2002) · Clinical Rehabilitation · doi:10.1191/0269215502cr562oa · Cited by 113
Somatosensory nociceptive characteristics differentiate subgroups in people with chronic low back pain
Rabey, M. I., Slater, H., O’Sullivan, P., Beales, D. J., & Smith, A. J. (2015) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000244 · Cited by 112

Authors: ROLAND, M., & MORRIS, R.
Affiliations: St Thomas' Hospital (GB)
Corresponding author: ROLAND, MARTIN
ORCID: ROLAND, MARTIN
MORRIS, RICHARD
Venue: Spine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1983-03
Volume: 8
Issue: 2
Pages: 141-144
ISSN: 0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00007632-198303000-00004
OpenAlex: W2118516436
Cited by: 3,395
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 80 · 2025: 90 · 2024: 88 · 2023: 105 · 2022: 136 · 2021: 148 · 2020: 137 · 2019: 128 · 2018: 125 · 2017: 124 · 2016: 130 · 2015: 125 · 2014: 127 · 2013: 145 · 2012: 146
FWCI: 5.03
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Spine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy-related medical research
Keywords: back pain, natural history (disease), self-rated disability, questionnaire development, outcome measures, disability assessment, treatment trials
MeSH terms: Activities of Daily Living, Adolescent, Adult, Back Pain, Disability Evaluation, Humans, Middle Aged, Movement

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A Study of the Natural History of Back Pain: Part I

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