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Visual-vestibular control of posture and gait: physiological mechanisms and disorders
Abstract
The scientific analysis of clinical disorders of posture and gait is an emerging field. Precise definition of the forces and postural movements involved has been pivotal to understanding many aspects of the visual and vestibular contributions to balance. However, a great deal of argument still surrounds the question of how much gait and posture laboratories actually contribute to improve the clinical management of individual patients. One of the reasons why gait analysis techniques have not penetrated rehabilitation clinics may be that the research questions asked have been aimed at understanding mechanisms rather than at quantifying disability. The condition known as primary orthostatic tremor, which is not too well known to many neuro-otologists and posturographists, is briefly reviewed here. We propose that posturography could be the easiest way to diagnose this treatable condition.
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Neurodegenerative disorders that affect posture and gait such as Parkinson's disease, cerebellar degeneration, including the downbeat nystagmus syndrome, and small vessel white matter disease may manifest with dizziness or unsteadiness when standing or walking before motor signs can be detected on physical examination.
“Neurodegenerative disorders that affect posture and gait such as Parkinson’s disease, cerebellar degeneration [61], including the downbeat nystagmus syndrome [89], and small vessel white matter disease [2, 16, 66] may manifest with dizziness or unsteadiness when standing or walking before motor signs can be detected on physical examination.”
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Staab, J. P., Eckhardt-Henn, A., Horii, A., Jacob, R., Strupp, M., Brandt, T., & Bronstein, A. (2017) · Journal of Vestibular Research · doi:10.3233/ves-170622 · Cited by 840
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bronstein, A. M., & Guerraz, M.
- Affiliations
- National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Bronstein, Adolfo M.
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurology
- Published
- 1999-02
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 5-11
- ISSN
- 1350-7540 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2003644076
- Cited by
- 38
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vestibular and auditory disorders
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Keywords
- postural control, gait, balance, primary orthostatic tremor, posturography, gait analysis, postural disorders, rehabilitation
- MeSH terms
- Electromyography, Postural Balance, Gait, Humans, Functional Laterality, Motion Perception, Parkinson Disease, Posture, Tremor, Vestibule, Labyrinth, Visual Cortex, Muscle, Skeletal
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