Psychosocial and Emotional Outcomes 10 Years Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the association of psychosocial outcome 10 years following traumatic brain injury (TBI) with demographic variables, injury severity, current cognitive functioning, emotional state, aggression, alcohol use, and fatigue. Setting Community-based follow-up. Participants Fifty-three participants with mild to very severe TBI sustained 10 years previously and significant others. Measures Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale, Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, NFI Aggression scale, Fatigue Severity Scale, Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, neuropsychological tests of attention/processing speed, memory, and executive function. Results Psychosocial functioning was lowest in the occupational activity domain and highest in the living skills domains. Variables including education, posttraumatic amnesia duration, numerous cognitive measures, concurrent fatigue, aggression, anxiety, and depression were all significantly associated with psychosocial outcome, although the strength of correlations varied between ratings of participants with TBI and relatives. Posttraumatic amnesia duration was most strongly associated with psychosocial outcome measured by relatives; anxiety, aggression, and depression were the strongest predictors when ratings were assigned by participants with TBI. Self-reported fatigue, depression, and alcohol use were the strongest predictors of aggression. Conclusions It is important to address proble…
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The VMPFC is particularly vulnerable to damage in all severities of TBI because it abuts the cranial floor and frontal cranial bone, making it susceptible to coup and contrecoup forces from nearly all directions.
“The VMPFC, which serves as an inhibitory control center for the limbic system, is particularly vulnerable to damage in all severities of TBI as this region abuts the cranial floor and frontal cranial bone, making it susceptible to coup and contrecoup forces from nearly all directions [31,44,45].”
The VMPFC serves as an inhibitory control center for the limbic system.
“The VMPFC, which serves as an inhibitory control center for the limbic system, is particularly vulnerable to damage in all severities of TBI as this region abuts the cranial floor and frontal cranial bone, making it susceptible to coup and contrecoup forces from nearly all directions [31,44,45].”
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Ponsford, J. L., Downing, M. G., Olver, J., Ponsford, M., Acher, R., Carty, M., & Spitz, G. (2014) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2013.2997 · Cited by 621 · see citing works
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“…et al., 2015; Liman et al., 2012), reduced participation in meaningful life activities (Feigin et al., 2010; Mole & Demeyere, 2020; Theadom et al., 2018), and overall poorer quality of life and wellbeing (De Wit et al., 2017; Draper et al., 2007; Gadidi et al., 2011; Grauwmeijer et al., 2014).”
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“…commonly experience lasting changes in cognitive and emotional functioning which negatively impact daily activities, participation in meaningful life roles, and overall wellbeing and quality of life (Draper et al., 2007; Kutlubaev & Hackett, 2014; Stolwyk et al., 2021; Wood & Rutterford, 2006).”
Hicks, A. J., Clay, F. J., Hopwood, M., James, A. C., Perry, L. A., Jayaram, M., Batty, R., & Ponsford, J. L. (2021) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2020.7277 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Draper, K., Ponsford, J., & Schönberger, M.
- Affiliations
- Epworth Hospital (AU)
- ORCID
- Ponsford, Jennie
- Venue
- Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 278-287
- ISSN
- 0885-9701 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1969874465
- Cited by
- 279
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 20 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 9.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Traumatic Brain Injury and Neurovascular Disturbances
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Medical Practices and Rehabilitation
- Keywords
- traumatic brain injury, psychosocial outcomes, long-term follow-up, post-traumatic amnesia, anxiety, depression, aggression, fatigue, alcohol consumption, cognitive function, occupational activity, life skills, family caregivers, Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Aggression, Alcohol Drinking, Amnesia, Anxiety, Brain Injuries, Cognition Disorders, Depression, Fatigue, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Injury Severity Score
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