Incidence and outcome of depressive symptoms in nursing home patients in the Netherlands
Open accessAbstract
Objectives To assess incidence and outcome of depressive symptoms among nursing home (NH) patients and to identify clinical characteristics predicting onset and persistence of depressive symptoms.Methods Depressive symptoms (GDS>10) and relevant correlates were assessed at baseline and at follow-up (6 months) in 350 NH-patients of 14 Dutch NH's with the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). Predictors of onset and persistence were studied using chi-square statistics and multiple logistic regression analyses.Results The prevalence of depressive symptoms decreased from 41.3% to 28.9% during six months follow-up. The onset of depressive symptoms in those without depressive symptoms at baseline was 4.7%, while the rate of persistence was 63.3%. Persistence of depressive symptoms was more frequent in patients with higher GDS-scores (18-30) at baseline. No baseline characteristics were associated with onset of depressive symptoms. Persistence of depressive symptoms was only associated with more years of education.Conclusions Pre-admission factors and transition may largely be responsible for depressive symptoms among nursing home patients. The observed substantial decrease in prevalence of depressive symptoms over six months is largely due to remission of depressive symptoms present at baseline. Adaptation of nursing home patients to pre-admission factors, facilitated by the nursing home environment, may explain this observed decrease of depressive symptoms. Future studies should evaluate interventions targeted at patients with higher GDS-scores (18-30).
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Several longitudinal studies in long-term care settings have reported persistence of depressive symptoms.
“The persistence of depressive symptoms has been reported in several longitudinal studies in LTC settings (Barca 2010;Davison 2021a;Smalbrugge 2006;Sutcliffe 2007).”
From Psychological therapies for depression in older adults residing in long-term care settings (2024) · cites this paper as Smalbrugge 2006
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Depressie en pijn: een ongelukkig huwelijk
Smalbrugge, M., Jongenelis, L. K., Pot, A. M., Beekman, A. T. F., Ribbe, M. W., & Eefsting, J. A. (2006) · Tijdschrift voor VerpleeghuisGeneeskunde · doi:10.1007/bf03075209
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Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Residential Homes for the Elderly
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Need fulfillment and well-being in nursing homes
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Chapter 24. Clinical Psychiatry in the Nursing Home
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พรมจันทร์, ธ. (2014) · Chulalongkorn Medical Journal · doi:10.58837/chula.cmj.58.5.7
Risk factors associated with depressive symptoms among institutionalized elderly in Lebanon
Mohsen, H. A., Abbas, L. A., Calvet, B., & Salameh, P. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-47721-1
- Authors
- Smalbrugge, M., Jongenelis, L., Pot, A. M., Eefsting, J. A., Ribbe, M. W., & Beekman, A. T. F.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Trimbos Institute (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Smalbrugge, Martin
- Venue
- The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2006-12
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1069-1076
- ISSN
- 1064-7481 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1973636505
- Cited by
- 79
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 5.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Amsterdam UMC (VU Amsterdam) - Institutional Repository (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Aging, Health, and Disability
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Keywords
- depressive symptoms, nursing home residents, incidence, persistence, prevalence, Geriatric Depression Scale, years of schooling, transition to nursing home, remission, older adults
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depression, Depressive Disorder, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Homes for the Aged, Humans, Male, Netherlands, Nursing Homes, Regression Analysis, Incidence, Treatment Outcome
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