The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Glypican-3 Expression Distinguishes Small Hepatocellular Carcinomas From Cirrhosis, Dysplastic Nodules, and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia-like Nodules
Abstract
Distinguishing small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from other types of small focal lesions that occur in a cirrhotic liver can be difficult on the basis of morphologic features alone. We investigated whether the expression of glypican-3 (GPC3) could be an ancillary tool in the histopathologic diagnostic process. We performed immunohistochemistry for GPC3 on 16 low-grade dysplastic nodules, 33 high-grade dysplastic nodules, 13 focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules, and 59 HCCs with a diameter less or equal to 3 cm present in the cirrhotic liver of 66 patients. Both resected lesions and lesions biopsied by needle were included and nonlesional cirrhotic parenchyma was also stained. In a subset of cases (23 samples of cirrhosis, 4 low-grade dysplastic nodules, 5 high-grade dysplastic nodules, 2 focal nodular hyperplasia-like nodules, and 18 HCCs), real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for GPC3 was performed. GPC3 expression was, both on immunohistochemistry and by real time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, much higher in small HCCs than in cirrhosis and other types of small focal lesions, indicating that the transition from premalignant lesions to small HCC is associated with a sharp increase of GPC3 expression in a majority of cases. The sensitivity and specificity of a positive GPC3-staining for the diagnosis of HCC in small focal lesions was 0.77 and 0.96, respectively, in resected cases, and 0.83 and 1, respectively, for needle biopsies. Because the result of the staining was easily interpretable, immunohistochemistry for GPC3 is valuable ancillary tool in the histopathologic diagnosis of small focal lesions in cirrhosis.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Clinical Management of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Conclusions of the Barcelona-2000 EASL Conference
Bruix, J., Sherman, M., Llovet, J. M., Beaugrand, M., Lencioni, R., Burroughs, A. K., Christensen, E., Pagliaro, L., Colombo, M., & Rodés, J. (2001) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(01)00130-1 · Cited by 4,089
Primary carcinoma of the liver.A study of 100 cases among 48,900 necropsies
Edmondson, H. A., & Steiner, P. E. (1954) · Cancer · doi:10.1002/1097-0142(195405)7:3<462::aid-cncr2820070308>3.0.co;2-e · Cited by 2,772
Molecular pathogenesis of human hepatocellular carcinoma
Thorgeirsson, S. S., & Grisham, J. W. (2002) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng0802-339 · Cited by 1,439
Winer, J., Jung, C. K. S., Shackel, I., & Williams, P. M. (1999) · Analytical Biochemistry · doi:10.1006/abio.1999.4085 · Cited by 1,387
Terminology of nodular hepatocellular lesions
Wanless, I. R. (1995) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.1840220341 · Cited by 1,130
Glypican-3: a novel serum and histochemical marker for hepatocellular carcinoma
Capurro, M., Wanless, I. R., Sherman, M., Deboer, G., Shi, W., Miyoshi, E., & Filmus, J. (2003) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(03)00689-9 · Cited by 917
Glypican-3 Promotes the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma by Stimulating Canonical Wnt Signaling
Capurro, M. I., Xiang, Y.-Y., Lobe, C., & Filmus, J. (2005) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.can-04-4244 · Cited by 469
Bolondi, L., Gaiani, S., Celli, N., Golfieri, R., Grigioni, W. F., Leoni, S., Venturi, A. M., & Piscaglia, F. (2005) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.20728 · Cited by 451
Glypican-3 as a Serum Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Capurro, M., & Filmus, J. (2005) · Cancer Research · doi:10.1158/0008-5472.372.65.1 · Cited by 432
Glypican-3, overexpressed specifically in human hepatocellular carcinoma, is a novel tumor marker
Nakatsura, T., Yoshitake, Y., Senju, S., Monji, M., Komori, H., Motomura, Y., Hosaka, S., Beppu, T., Ishiko, T., Kamohara, H., et al. (2003) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/s0006-291x(03)00908-2 · Cited by 430
Cited by
Llovet, J. M., Zucman-Rossi, J., Pikarsky, E., Sangro, B., Schwartz, M., Sherman, M., & Gores, G. (2016) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2016.18 · Cited by 2,531
Hepatocellular adenoma subtype classification using molecular markers and immunohistochemistry
Bioulac-Sage, P., Rebouissou, S., Thomas, C., Blanc, J.-F., Saric, J., Sa Cunha, A., Rullier, A., Cubel, G., Couchy, G., Imbeaud, S., et al. (2007) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.21743 · Cited by 590
Glypican‐3 expression is correlated with poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma
Shirakawa, H., Suzuki, H., Shimomura, M., Kojima, M., Gotohda, N., Takahashi, S., Nakagohri, T., Konishi, M., Kobayashi, N., Kinoshita, T., et al. (2009) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/j.1349-7006.2009.01206.x · Cited by 279
Abou-Alfa, G. K., Puig, O., Daniele, B., Kudo, M., Merle, P., Park, J.-W., Ross, P., Peron, J.-M., Ebert, O., Chan, S., et al. (2016) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2016.04.004 · Cited by 137
Liao, H., Xiong, T., Peng, J., Xu, L., Liao, M., Zhang, Z., Wu, Z., Yuan, K., & Zeng, Y. (2020) · Annals of Surgical Oncology · doi:10.1245/s10434-019-08190-1 · Cited by 65
Metadata
- Authors
- Libbrecht, L., Severi, T., Cassiman, D., Borght, S. V., Pirenne, J., Nevens, F., Verslype, C., Pelt, J. V., & Roskams, T.
- Venue
- American Journal of Surgical Pathology
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 30
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1405-1411
- ISSN
- 0147-5185 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1999877835
- Cited by
- 270
- References
- 24
- FWCI
- 10.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Glypican-3 Expression Distinguishes Small Hepatocellular Carcinomas From Cirrhosis, Dysplastic Nodules, and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia-like Nodules. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/01.pas.0000213323.97294.9a
- The paper
- Libbrecht, L., Severi, T., Cassiman, D., Borght, S. V., Pirenne, J., Nevens, F., Verslype, C., Pelt, J. V., & Roskams, T. (2006). Glypican-3 Expression Distinguishes Small Hepatocellular Carcinomas From Cirrhosis, Dysplastic Nodules, and Focal Nodular Hyperplasia-like Nodules. American Journal of Surgical Pathology. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.pas.0000213323.97294.9a
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
