Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: differences and overlaps
Abstract
Purpose of review Following the recent progress mainly in the fields of genetics and neurobiology, the validity of the diagnostic distinction between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is increasingly challenged. Recent findings Evidence for basic neurobiological processes common for both disorders is expanding with regard to (a) susceptibility genes, (b) neurodevelopment (for example myelination), and (c) brain functions (for example sensory gating, visuospatial achievement). Recent epidemiological studies also stress communalities. Summary The diagnostic split between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is unable to define distinct etiological and/or pathophysiological entities.
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Considering the significant mechanistic, genetic, and symptomatic overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, CBM-iTBS protocols with effects in schizophrenia may also treat similar symptoms manifesting in bipolar disorder patients.
“Considering the significant mechanistic, genetic, and symptomatic overlap between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (Maier & Wagner, 2006), including symptom responsiveness to similar therapies, CBM-iTBS protocols with effects in schizophrenia may also treat similar symptoms manifesting in bipolar disorder patients.”
From A double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial of cerebellar intermittent theta burst stimulation for bipolar disorder: Safety, tolerability, mood and cognitive effects (2025) · cites this paper as Maier & Wagner, 2006
Cites
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Mitochondrial dysfunction and pathology in bipolar disorder and schizophrenia
Clay, H. B., Daws, S., & Konradi, C. (2011) · International Journal of Developmental Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2010.08.007 · Cited by 399 · see citing works
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Visual context processing in bipolar disorder: a comparison with schizophrenia
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- Authors
- Maier, W., Zobel, A., & Wagner, M.
- Affiliations
- University of Bonn (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Maier, Wolfgang
- ORCID
- Wagner, Michael
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Psychiatry
- Published
- 2006-03
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 165-170
- ISSN
- 0951-7367 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2012902043
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 9.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Social Sciences › Arts and Humanities › Philosophy › Mental Health and Psychiatry
- Keywords
- schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, diagnostic validity, diagnostic overlap, genetic susceptibility, brain development, myelination, sensory gating, visuospatial ability, pathophysiology, etiology
- MeSH terms
- Bipolar Disorder, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Schizophrenia, Schizophrenic Psychology, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
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