The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 41 of the 41 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Living Life With My Child’s Pain: The Parent Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (PPAQ)
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Parents' emotional, cognitive, and behavioral responses are highly influential on children's pain and functional outcomes. One important response to pediatric pain is acceptance: the degree to which an individual participates in routine daily activities in the presence of pain and is willing to let pain be a part of their life without efforts to control or avoid it. However, no tool currently exists to assess parents' own acceptance of their child's pain. The aim of this study was to validate the Parent Pain Acceptance Questionnaire (PPAQ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PPAQ was administered to 310 parents of youth with chronic pain in an outpatient pediatric headache program and a day hospital pain rehabilitation program. An exploratory factor analysis revealed 2 factors for the PPAQ: an 11-item Activity Engagement scale and a 4-item Acceptance of Pain-related Thoughts and Feelings scale. RESULTS: The PPAQ total score and subscales demonstrated strong internal consistency. Greater parent pain acceptance was positively associated with child pain acceptance, and was negatively correlated with parent protective behaviors, parent minimizing behaviors, parent and child pain catastrophizing, and child fear of pain. Parent protective behaviors and child pain acceptance both served as mediators of the relationship between parent pain acceptance and child functional disability. CONCLUSIONS: The PPAQ is a valid measure of parent pain acceptance and may provide valuable insights into parent responses to child pain and the ways in which parent acceptance influences child outcomes. Clinical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
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“There is also mounting evidence concerning the association between parental distress, such as anxiety, fear, catastrophizing, and depression, and functional disability in children with chronic pain [12,13,14], even at subclinical levels of parental distress [15].”
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“Indeed, acceptance-based approaches continue to emerge as a viable treatment modality for pediatric pain [12, 13, 40, 41].”
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Transmission of risk from parents with chronic pain to offspring: An integrative conceptual model
Stone, A. L., & Wilson, A. C. (2016) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000637 · Cited by 165
Topical review: Resilience resources and mechanisms in pediatric chronic pain
Cousins, L. A., Kalapurakkel, S., Cohen, L. L., & Simons, L. E. (2015) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsv037 · Cited by 144
Self-citationChow, E. T., Otis, J. D., & Simons, L. E. (2016) · The Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2016.02.014 · Cited by 111
Self-citationAcceptance and Commitment Therapy for Pediatric Chronic Pain: Theory and Application
Pielech, M., Vowles, K., & Wicksell, R. (2017) · Children · doi:10.3390/children4020010 · Cited by 99
Living in fear of your child's pain: the parent fear of pain questionnaire
Simons, L. E., Smith, A., Kaczynski, K., & Basch, M. (2015) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000100 · Cited by 92
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Metadata
- Authors
- Smith, A. M., Sieberg, C. B., Odell, S., Randall, E., & Simons, L. E.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Smith, Allison M.
- Sieberg, Christine B.
- Odell, Shannon
- Randall, Edin
- Simons, Laura E.
- Venue
- The Clinical Journal of Pain
- Published
- 2015-07
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 633-641
- ISSN
- 0749-8047 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4326631
- OpenAlex
- W1998079007
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K23HD067202)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Keywords
- pediatric chronic pain, pain catastrophizing, fear of pain, functional disability, questionnaire validation, parent-child relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Child, Factor Analysis, Statistical, Fear, Female, Hospitals, Pediatric, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Parents, Surveys and Questionnaires, United States, Catastrophization, Chronic Pain
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