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Cited by 20Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationSpine and Intervertebral Disc PathologyPatient Satisfaction in Healthcare

A Conceptual Model for Spine Surgery Recovery: A Qualitative Study of Patients’ Expectations, Experiences, and Satisfaction

Open access
Brintz, Carrie E., Coronado, Rogelio A., Schlundt, David G., Haug Jenkins, Christine, Bird, Mackenzie L., Bley, Jordan A., Pennings, Jacquelyn S., Wegener, Stephen T. +1 more·2023·Spine
DOI 10.1097/brs.0000000000004520PMC PMC10949898
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Abstract

Study Design. Qualitative interview study. Objective. The aim was to develop a conceptual model for Spine Surgery Recovery in order to better understand why patients undergo lumbar spine surgery and what factors influence patient satisfaction. Summary of Background Data. Quantitative studies have assessed patients' expectations for lumbar spine surgery outcomes, with greater expectation fulfillment leading to higher satisfaction. However, there is limited literature using qualitative methods to understand the patient perspective from the decision to undergo lumbar spine surgery through long-term recovery. Materials and Methods. Semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 20 participants (nine females, mean age ±SD=61.2±11.1 yr) and three focus groups with 12 participants (nine females, mean age ±SD=62.0±10.9 yr). Sessions were audio recorded and transcribed. Two independent researchers coded the transcripts using a hierarchical coding system. Major themes were identified and a conceptual model was developed. Results. A total of 1355 coded quotes were analyzed. The decision to have lumbar spine surgery was influenced by chronic pain impact on daily function, pain coping, and patient expectations. Results demonstrated that fulfilled expectations and setting realistic expectations are key factors for patient satisfaction after surgery, while less known constructs of accepting limitations, adjusting expectations, and optimism were found by many patients to be essential for a successful recovery. Emotional factors of fear, anxiety, and depression were important aspects of presurgical and postsurgical experiences. Conclusion. Our Spine Surgery Recovery conceptual model provides guidance for future research and clinical practice to optimize treatment and improve overall patient satisfaction. Recommendations based on this model include the assessment of patient expectations and mental well-being throughout postoperative recovery as well as preoperatively to help set realistic expectations and improve satisfaction. Educational, acceptance-based or positive psychological interventions may be potentially beneficial for addressing key factors identified in this model. © 2023 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/brs.0000000000004520

Cites

48 of 48 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Nothing to recompute.

Claims the paper makes

10 of 33 cited sources checked · 5 supported · 0 flagged · accuracy not yet measured

  • Interpretationcitation

    Participants' reasons for electing spine surgery align with prior quantitative studies indicating that pain reduction, walking tolerance, physical function, overall quality of life, other therapies not helping, and surgeon/doctor recommendation are important factors influencing patients' decision to undergo spine surgery.

    “Participants' reasons for electing spine surgery align with prior quantitative studies indicating that pain reduction, 11,12,14,27 walking tolerance, 12,14 physical function, 27 overall quality of life, 13 other therapies not helping, 14 and surgeon/doctor recommendation 27 are important factors influencing patients' decision to undergo spine surgery.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [11] 11. Bono CM, Harris MB, Warholic N, et al. Pain intensity and patients' acceptance of surgical complication risks with lumbar fusion. Spine. 2013;38(2):140-147. doi:10.1097/ BRS.0b013e318279b648 [PubMed: 23124256] source

      The Discussion identifies pain as important to surgical decisions and reports a prior questionnaire finding that patients valued walking tolerance. The Results associate prior spinal injections with willingness to proceed, but the Discussion only suggests that this may reflect dissatisfaction with other treatments; it does not establish that unsuccessful therapies themselves influenced the decision. Physical function, quality of life, and doctor recommendation are cited to other sources in the sentence. (LLM, conf=0.85)

      Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
    • cites [12] 12. Bederman SS, Mahomed NN, Kreder HJ, McIsaac WJ, Coyte PC, Wright JG. In the eye of the beholder: preferences of patients, family physicians, and surgeons for lumbar spinal surgery. Spine. 2010;35(1):108-115. doi:10.1097/BRS.0b013e3181b77f2d [PubMed: 20042962] source
    • cites [14] 14. Mannion AF, Junge A, Elfering A, Dvorak J, Porchet F, Grob D. Great expectations: really the novel predictor of outcome after spinal surgery? Spine. 2009;34(15):1590-1599. doi:10.1097/ BRS.0b013e31819fcd52 [PubMed: 19521272] source
  • Study design and conductcitation

    32 participants was deemed an adequate sample size to develop an in-depth perspective of patients' experiences across groups stratified by 12-month postoperative ODI score.

    “Prior qualitative literature suggests that approximately 9 to 17 interviews are needed to identify a range of thematic issues and 16-24 interviews are needed to develop a richer understanding of the themes described.22,23 Thus, 32 participants was deemed an adequate sample size to develop an in-depth perspective of patients' experiences across groups stratified by 12month postoperative ODI score.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim2 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [22] 22. Hennink M, Kaiser BN. Sample sizes for saturation in qualitative research: A systematic review of empirical tests. Soc Sci Med 1982. 2022;292:114523. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114523 source
    • cites [23] 23. Hennink MM, Kaiser BN, Marconi VC. Code Saturation Versus Meaning Saturation: How Many Interviews Are Enough? Qual Health Res. 2017;27(4):591-608. doi:10.1177/1049732316665344 [PubMed: 27670770] source
  • Premisecitation

    One study found that dispositional optimism measured prior to lumbar surgery was significantly associated with greater patient satisfaction 2 years after surgery.

    “One study found that dispositional optimism measured prior to lumbar surgery was significantly associated with greater patient satisfaction 2 years after surgery.42”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [42] 42. Lee J, Kim HS, Shim KD, Park YS. The Effect of Anxiety, Depression, and Optimism on Postoperative Satisfaction and Clinical Outcomes in Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Degenerative Spondylolisthesis Patients: Cohort Study. Clin Orthop Surg. 2017;9(2):177. doi:10.4055/ cios.2017.9.2.177 [PubMed: 28567219] source
  • Premisecitation

    Robust literature supports preoperative psychological distress and fear of movement as significant risk factors for poorer post-surgical outcomes.

    “Robust literature supports preoperative psychological distress and fear of movement as significant risk factors for poorer post-surgical outcomes, 30,[43][44][45][46]”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [30] 30. Havakeshian S, Mannion AF. Negative beliefs and psychological disturbance in spine surgery patients: a cause or consequence of a poor treatment outcome? Eur Spine J Off Publ Eur Spine Soc Eur Spinal Deform Soc Eur Sect Cerv Spine Res Soc. 2013;22(12):2827-2835. doi:10.1007/ s00586-013-2822-5 source

      The Discussion reports that preoperative fear-avoidance beliefs significantly predicted poor surgical outcome and that many previous studies found a similar association. It also says many, but not all, studies linked preoperative psychological distress to poor outcomes; this study found no predictive power for distress (Discussion; Conclusion). The claim therefore overstates the support for both factors as significant risk factors. (LLM, conf=0.90)

      Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
    • cites [43] 43. Amaral V, Marchi L, Martim H, et al. Influence of psychosocial distress in the results of elective lumbar spine surgery. J Spine Surg Hong Kong. 2017;3(3):371-378. doi:10.21037/jss.2017.08.05 source
    • cites [44] 44. Costelloe C, Burns S, Yong RJ, Kaye AD, Urman RD. An Analysis of Predictors of Persistent Postoperative Pain in Spine Surgery. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2020;24(4):11. doi:10.1007/ s11916-020-0842-5 [PubMed: 32072357] source
  • Premisecitation

    Studies have found that patients' expectations for improvement after spine surgery tend to be more optimistic than those of surgeons.

    “Studies have found that patients' expectations for improvement after spine surgery tend to be more optimistic than those of surgeons.32,33”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [32] 32. Aoude A, Litowski M, Aldebeyan S, et al. A Comparison of Patient and Surgeon Expectations of Spine Surgical Outcomes. Glob Spine J. 2021;11(3):331-337. doi:10.1177/2192568220907603 source
    • cites [33] 33. Mancuso CA, Duculan R, Cammisa FP, et al. Concordance Between Patients' and Surgeons' Expectations of Lumbar Surgery. Spine. 2021;46(4):249-258. doi:10.1097/ BRS.0000000000003775 [PubMed: 33156286] source
  • May combine two claims. 25
  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 18

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Preliminary work has evaluated illness acceptance and ACT-based interventions in surgical patients, but there is very little work to date in orthopedic surgical populations.

    “Preliminary work has evaluated illness acceptance and ACT-based interventions in surgical patients, but there is very little work to date in orthopedic surgical populations.[38][39][40]”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim2 of 3 sources checked
    • cites [38] 38. Dindo L, Zimmerman MB, Hadlandsmyth K, et al. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Prevention of Chronic Postsurgical Pain and Opioid Use in At-Risk Veterans: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Study. J Pain Off J Am Pain Soc. 2018;19(10):1211-1221. doi:10.1016/ j.jpain.2018.04.016 source
    • cites [39] 39. Zielazny P, Biedrowski P, Lezner M, Uzdrowska B, Blaszczyk A, Zarzeczna-Baran M. Acceptance of illness, beliefs about pain control and coping strategies among patients scheduled for surgery for osteoarthritis of the spine. Post Psychiatr Neurol. 2013;22(4):251-258.

      Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.

    • cites [40] 40. Katz J, Weinrib AZ, Clarke H. Chronic postsurgical pain: From risk factor identification to multidisciplinary management at the Toronto General Hospital Transitional Pain Service. Can J Pain Rev Can Douleur. 2019;3(2):49-58. doi:10.1080/24740527.2019.1574537 source

      The “TPS ACT-based psychological outcomes” section reports a preliminary evaluation of ACT in postsurgical patients, supporting that part of the sentence. Our copy does not establish that illness acceptance was evaluated or that very little work exists in orthopedic surgical populations. Page numbers are unavailable in the indexed passages. (LLM, conf=0.84)

      Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingnone given

    Other important postsurgical actions included managing pain and symptoms, receiving support from family and friends, and communicating with the healthcare team.

    “Other important postsurgical actions included managing pain and symptoms, receiving support from family and friends, and communicating with the healthcare team.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Findingown data

    The Spine Surgery Recovery conceptual model organizes the patient narrative into a framework to inform future research and clinical practice in pre- and post-operative areas that are meaningful to patients.

    “Our Spine Surgery Recovery conceptual model organizes the patient narrative into a framework to inform future research and clinical practice in pre-and post-operative areas that are meaningful to patients.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingreasoning

    Important themes included time spent listening to patients as well as clear explanations of recovery.

    “Important themes included time spent listening to patients as well as clear explanations of recovery.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Findingown data

    The conceptual model presents a framework for understanding how expectations and post-surgical experiences and actions contribute to satisfaction and the perception of successful surgical outcomes.

    “The conceptual model also presents a framework for understanding how expectations and post-surgical experiences and actions contribute to satisfaction and the perception of successful surgical outcomes.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    The decision to have surgery is usually made after trying many other treatments without lasting benefit and with the recommendation of a trusted physician.

    “The decision to have surgery is usually made after trying many other treatments without lasting benefit and with the recommendation of a trusted physician.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Many participants expressed having back and leg pain, with the leg pain described as particularly unbearable.

    “Many participants expressed having back and leg pain, with the leg pain described as particularly unbearable.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Most participants took over-the-counter or used narcotic medication, with few experiencing sufficient relief.

    “Most participants took over-the-counter or used narcotic medication, with few experiencing sufficient relief.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingreasoning

    Participants described being able to walk again and go back to work inside and outside the home.

    “Participants described being able to walk again and go back to work inside and outside the home.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    We found that pain relief and improvement in physical movement and daily activity were the most frequently discussed expectations, which is consistent with previous studies in this patient population.

    “We found that pain relief and improvement in physical movement and daily activity were the most frequently discussed expectations, which is consistent with previous studies in this patient population.27,28”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 2 sources checked
    • cites [27] 27. Canizares M, Gleenie RA, Perruccio AV, et al. Patients' expectations of spine surgery for degenerative conditions: results from the Canadian Spine Outcomes and Research Network (CSORN). Spine J Off J North Am Spine Soc. 2020;20(3):399-408. doi:10.1016/ j.spinee.2019.10.001 source
    • cites [28] 28. Mancuso CA, Cammisa FP, Sama AA, Hughes AP, Ghomrawi HMK, Girardi FP. Development and testing of an expectations survey for patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery. J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2013;95(19):1793-1800. doi:10.2106/JBJS.L.00338 [PubMed: 24088972] source

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Participants expected to regain much of the daily function they had lost because of chronic pain, with most expecting a quick recovery with little pain.

    “Participants expected to regain much of the daily function they had lost because of chronic pain, with most participants expecting a quick recovery with little pain.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Participants expressed that the outcomes of surgery were not the same every day, and some talked about having good and bad days.

    “However, participants expressed that the outcomes of surgery were not the same every day, and some talked about having good and bad days.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    About half of the participants reported that their pain went away or improved, and the other half found that the pain stayed the same or worsened over time.

    “About half of the participants reported that their pain went away or improved, and the other half found that the pain stayed the same or worsened over time.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    The decision to have surgery for most participants occurred when pain had become unbearable, they experienced activity limitations that severely impacted quality of life, or when doctors told them it would be the best or only option for pain relief.

    “The decision to have surgery for most participants occurred when the pain had become unbearable, they experienced activity limitations that severely impacted quality of life, or when doctors told them it would be the best or only option for pain relief.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Findingnone given

    Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery have high expectations for pain relief and improved function.

    “Patients undergoing lumbar spine surgery have high expectations for pain relief and improved function.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable).

    Findingown data

    Our study provides additional patient perspective with regard to positive factors that promote enhanced recovery.

    “Our study provides additional patient perspective with regard to positive factors that promote enhanced recovery.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    A conceptual model of Spine Surgery Recovery was developed that highlights the importance of the impact of chronic pain on daily function, pain coping, and patient expectations on the decision to have surgery and of post-surgical experiences and actions on patient satisfaction.

    “A conceptual model of Spine Surgery Recovery was developed that highlights the importance of the impact of chronic pain on daily function, pain coping, and patient expectations on the decision to have surgery and of post-surgical experiences and actions on patient satisfaction.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Findingnone given

    This qualitative study captured the in-depth, lived experiences of patients from the decision to undergo lumbar spine surgery through long-term postoperative recovery.

    “This qualitative study captured the in-depth, lived experiences of patients from the decision to undergo lumbar spine surgery through long-term postoperative recovery.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Although many participants in our study felt there had been sufficient communication with the healthcare team prior to surgery, some participants perceived that they had not been adequately informed of what to expect.

    “Although many participants in our study felt there had been sufficient communication with the healthcare team prior to surgery, some participants perceived that they had not been adequately informed of what to expect.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Although preoperative expectations of improved emotions were not explicitly discussed by participants in our study, the emotional impacts of pain and functional limitations both before and after surgery emerged as important factors.

    “Although preoperative expectations of improved emotions were not explicitly discussed by participants in our study, the emotional impacts of pain and functional limitations both before and after surgery emerged as important factors.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).

    Findingown data

    From the interviews and focus groups, 1,355 coded quotes were analyzed.

    “From the interviews and focus groups, 1,355 coded quotes were analyzed.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Adjusting expectations and acceptance appear to be important post-surgical actions.

    “Adjusting expectations and acceptance appear to be important post-surgical actions.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Our findings suggest that patients adjust their expectations for further improvement during postoperative recovery and choose to accept the functional limitations they experience from pain.

    “Our findings suggest that patients adjust their expectations for further improvement during postoperative recovery and choose to accept the functional limitations they experience from pain.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Findingown data

    Participants described a range of fears after surgery such as fear of falling, fear of worsening pain leading to another surgery, and fear of current pain becoming permanent damage.

    “Participants described a range of fears after surgery such as fear of falling, fear of worsening pain leading to another surgery, and fear of current pain becoming permanent damage.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Interpretationown data

    Results confirmed and expanded findings from prior quantitative studies that chronic pain impact on daily function, pain coping, and patient expectations are important components of patients' decision to have surgery as well as the postoperative recovery process.

    “Results confirmed and expanded findings from prior quantitative studies that chronic pain impact on daily function, pain coping, and patient expectations are important components of patients' decision to have surgery as well as the postoperative recovery process.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductnone given

    Interviews were conducted by a trained and experienced qualitative researcher and a clinical psychologist moderated the focus groups.

    “Interviews were conducted by a trained and experienced qualitative researcher and a clinical psychologist moderated the focus groups.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductown data

    A hierarchical coding system was developed by an experienced qualitative researcher and quotes were organized into 16 major themes with categories.

    “A hierarchical coding system was developed by an experienced qualitative researcher (D.G.D) and quotes were organized into 16 major themes with categories (Table 2).”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductnone given

    Prior to completing qualitative interviews, participants completed a trial comparing CBPT to education after lumbar spine surgery, reported high baseline fear of movement to be eligible for the trial, and were largely of self-reported white race.

    “Prior to completing qualitative interviews, participants completed a trial comparing CBPT to education after lumbar spine surgery, reported high baseline fear of movement to be eligible for the trial, and were largely of self-reported white race.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    Assessing and supporting patients' emotional needs is necessary throughout postoperative recovery.

    “Assessing and supporting patients' emotional needs is necessary throughout postoperative recovery.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductreasoning

    Participants were recruited equally across strata in order to ensure that a balanced sample of patients was analyzed.

    “Participants were recruited equally across strata in order to ensure that a balanced sample of patients was analyzed.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.

    Interpretationreasoning

    Overall, our Spine Surgery Recovery conceptual model provides guidance for future research as well as clinical practice considerations to optimize treatment and improve overall patient satisfaction.

    “Overall, our Spine Surgery Recovery conceptual model provides guidance for future research as well as clinical practice considerations to optimize treatment and improve overall patient satisfaction.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    Engaging patients and setting realistic expectations of short-term and long-term recovery optimizes satisfaction with outcomes.

    “Engaging patients and setting realistic expectations of short-term and longterm recovery is important to optimize satisfaction with outcomes.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • May combine two claims.

    Premisecitation

    Chronic pain acceptance is a construct that has been validated in multiple chronic pain populations and shown to predict disability and distress.

    “Chronic pain acceptance is a construct that has been validated in multiple chronic pain populations and shown to predict disability and distress.35”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked
    • cites [35] 35. McCracken LM, Vowles KE, Eccleston C. Acceptance of chronic pain: component analysis and a revised assessment method. Pain. 2004;107(1-2):159-166. [PubMed: 14715402] source

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductnone given

    Patients were excluded from the trial if undergoing lumbar spine surgery for spinal deformity, pseudarthrosis, trauma, infection, or if they were involved in litigation related to a workplace injury.

    “In addition, patients were excluded from the trial if undergoing lumbar spine surgery for spinal deformity, pseudarthrosis, trauma, infection, or if they were involved in litigation related to a workplace injury.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.

    Study design and conductnone given

    Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent was obtained from enrolled participants.

    “Institutional Review Board approval and written informed consent was obtained from enrolled participants.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Classified as probably not a substantial claim.

    Study design and conductnone given

    All sessions were recorded and transcribed.

    “All sessions were recorded and transcribed.”
    Quote in the paperSubstantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    Patients with unfulfilled expectations benefit from accepting a certain degree of pain and functional limitations after surgery and adjusting their expectations for improvement.

    “Patients with unfulfilled expectations benefit from accepting a certain degree of pain and functional limitations after surgery and adjusting their expectations for improvement.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim

  • Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based).

    Interpretationnone given

    Patients benefit from positive psychological resources, including an optimistic mindset and active engagement in rehabilitation.

    “Patients benefit from positive psychological resources, including an optimistic mindset and active engagement in rehabilitation.”
    Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
38 of 38

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    In-depth patient-driven perspectives of the dichotomy between patients' preoperative expectations and their long-term postoperative reality, and the factors that influence surgical recovery, are missing from the literature.

    “To date, in-depth patient-driven perspectives of this dichotomy between patients' preoperative expectations and their long-term postoperative reality, and the factors that influence surgical recovery is missing from the literature.”

  • The paper relies on this without support.

    Dispositional optimism is an understudied characteristic in patients undergoing spine surgery.

    “Dispositional optimism 41 is an understudied characteristic in patients undergoing spine surgery.”
2 of 2

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.

  • Citation for the previously described trial sample points to an unrelated paper

    Minor

    The text cites reference 23 as a description of the trial sample, but reference 23 is about interview saturation rather than that trial.

1 of 1

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Zielazny, 2013, Acceptance of illness, beliefs about pain control and coping strategies among patients scheduled for surgery for osteoarthritis of the spine, Post Psychiatr Neurol, 22, 251

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Related

Authors
Brintz, C. E., Coronado, R. A., Schlundt, D. G., Haug Jenkins, C., Bird, M. L., Bley, J. A., Pennings, J. S., Wegener, S. T., & Archer, K. R.
Affiliations
  • Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
  • Vanderbilt University (US)
  • CVS Health, Charlotte, NC
  • Cedars-Sinai Medical Center (US)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
Corresponding author
Archer, Kristin R.
ORCID
Venue
Spine
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2022-11-04
Volume
48
Issue
14
Pages
E235-E244
ISSN
0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/brs.0000000000004520
PMC
PMC10949898
OpenAlex
W4313288864
Cited by
20
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2
FWCI
2.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Spine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (CER-1306-01970)
  • Georgia Clinical and Translational Science Alliance (UL1TR000445)
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000445, KL2TR002245)
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R21AR062880)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
  • National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (K23AT011569)
  • H2020 European Research Council
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology
  • Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Patient Satisfaction in Healthcare
Keywords
lumbar spine surgery, postoperative recovery, patient satisfaction, patient expectations, conceptual model, chronic low back pain, pain coping, emotional factors, anxiety, depression, optimism, acceptance, patient decision-making, psychological intervention
MeSH terms
Female, Humans, Motivation, Personal Satisfaction, Patient Satisfaction, Neurosurgical Procedures, Qualitative Research

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