The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Evidence for Skeletal Progenitor Cells in the Degenerate Human Intervertebral Disc
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN: To identify and characterize endogenous progenitor cell population from intervertebral disc. OBJECTIVE: To determine if progenitor cells exist in degenerate human discs. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Back pain, a significant source of morbidity in our society, is directly linked to the pathology of the intervertebral disc. Because disc disease is accompanied by a loss of cellularity, there is considerable interest in regeneration of cells of both the anulus fibrosus (AF) and nucleus pulposus (NP). METHODS: To determine if skeletal progenitor cells are present in the disc, samples were obtained from the degenerate AF and NP of 5 patients (Thompson grade 2 and 3, mean age 34 +/- 7.6 years) undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion procedures as well as adult rat lumbar spine. RESULTS: Cells isolated from degenerate human tissues expressed CD105, CD166, CD63, CD49a, CD90, CD73, p75 low affinity nerve growth factor receptor, and CD133/1, proteins that are characteristic of marrow mesenchymal stem cells. In osteogenic media, there was an induction of alkaline phosphatase activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and Runx-2 mRNA. When maintained in adipogenic media, a small percentage of cells displayed evidence of adipogenic differentiation: accumulation of cytosolic lipid droplets and increased expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 and lipoprotein lipase mRNA. AF- and NP-derived cells also evidenced chondrogenic differentiation. CD133 (+) cells in the AF were able to commit to either the chondrogenic or adipogenic lineages. The results of the human disc studies were confirmed using cell derived from the NP and AF tissue of the mature rat disc. CONCLUSION: The analytical data indicated that the pathologically degenerate human disc contained populations of skeletal progenitor cells. These findings suggest that these endogenous progenitors may be used to orchestrate the repair of the intervertebral disc.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cited by
Sakai, D., Nakamura, Y., Nakai, T., Mishima, T., Kato, S., Grad, S., Alini, M., Risbud, M. V., Chan, D., Cheah, K. S. E., et al. (2012) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms2226 · Cited by 451
Self-citationMesenchymal stem cells: Amazing remedies for bone and cartilage defects
Kangari, P., Talaei-Khozani, T., Razeghian-Jahromi, I., & Razmkhah, M. (2020) · Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13287-020-02001-1 · Cited by 286
Risbud, M. V., Schoepflin, Z. R., Mwale, F., Kandel, R. A., Grad, S., Iatridis, J. C., Sakai, D., & Hoyland, J. A. (2015) · Journal of Orthopaedic Research · doi:10.1002/jor.22789 · Cited by 268
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Risbud, M. V., Guttapalli, A., Tsai, T.-T., Lee, J. Y., Danielson, K. G., Vaccaro, A. R., Albert, T. J., Gazit, Z., Gazit, D., & Shapiro, I. M.
- Venue
- Spine
- Published
- 2007-11
- Volume
- 32
- Issue
- 23
- Pages
- 2537-2544
- ISSN
- 0362-2436 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2040962303
- Cited by
- 286
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 4.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Evidence for Skeletal Progenitor Cells in the Degenerate Human Intervertebral Disc. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/brs.0b013e318158dea6
- The paper
- Risbud, M. V., Guttapalli, A., Tsai, T.-T., Lee, J. Y., Danielson, K. G., Vaccaro, A. R., Albert, T. J., Gazit, Z., Gazit, D., & Shapiro, I. M. (2007). Evidence for Skeletal Progenitor Cells in the Degenerate Human Intervertebral Disc. Spine. https://doi.org/10.1097/brs.0b013e318158dea6
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
