Cited by 130Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patientsSepsis Diagnosis and TreatmentDiabetes Management and Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Admission hyperglycemia in critically ill sepsis patients: Association with outcome and host response

Open access

van Vught, Lonneke A., Wiewel, Maryse A., Klein Klouwenberg, Peter M. C., Hoogendijk, Arie J., Scicluna, Brendon P., Ong, David S. Y., Cremer, Olaf L., Horn, Janneke, Bonten, Marc M. J., Schultz, Marcus J., van der Poll, Tom·2016·Critical Care Medicine

DOI 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001650

Open this paper in CoChat — free account Open PDF

Abstract

Objectives: To investigate whether admission hyperglycemia is associated with the presentation and/or outcome of sepsis, what the influence of hyperglycemia is on key host responses to sepsis, and whether hyperglycemia differentially affects patients with diabetes mellitus. Design and Setting: A substudy of a prospective observational cohort study was conducted in the intensive care of two tertiary hospitals between January 2011 and July 2013. Patients: Of all consecutive critically ill sepsis patients, admission glucose was used to stratify patients in euglycemia (71–140 mg/dL), mild hyperglycemia (141–199 mg/dL), and severe hyperglycemia (≥ 200 mg/dL), and patients with hypoglycemia were excluded. Fifteen plasma biomarkers providing insight in key host responses implicated in sepsis pathogenesis were measured on admission. Measurements and Main Results: Of 987 sepsis patients with admission glucose levels greater than 70 mg/dL, 519 (52.6%) had normal glucose levels, 267 (27.1%) had mild, and 201 (20.4%) severe hyperglycemia. Admission hyperglycemia was accompanied by mitigated alterations in plasma host response biomarker levels indicative of activation of the cytokine network, the vascular endothelium, and the coagulation system in patients without a history of diabetes. Severe, but not mild, admission hyperglycemia was associated with increased 30-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.66 [95% CI, 1.24–2.23]), in both patients without diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.12–2.42]) and with diabetes (adjusted hazard ratio, 1.91 [95% CI, 1.01–3.62]). Conclusion: Admission hyperglycemia is associated with adverse outcome of sepsis irrespective of the presence or absence of preexisting diabetes by a mechanism unrelated to exaggerated inflammation or coagulation.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001650

Cites

49 of 49 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: Development and validation
Charlson, M. E., Pompei, P., Ales, K. L., & MacKenzie, C. R. (1987) · Journal of Chronic Diseases · doi:10.1016/0021-9681(87)90171-8 · Cited by 49,742
Surviving Sepsis Campaign: International Guidelines for Management of Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock, 2012
Dellinger, R. P., Levy, M. M., Rhodes, A., Annane, D., Gerlach, H., Opal, S. M., Sevransky, J., Sprung, C. L., Douglas, I. S., Jaeschke, R., et al. (2013) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-012-2769-8 · Cited by 7,371
2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference
Levy, M. M., Fink, M. P., Marshall, J. C., Abraham, E. H., Angus, D. C., Cook, D., Cohen, J., Opal, S. M., Vincent, J., & Ramsay, G. (2003) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000050454.01978.3b · Cited by 5,976
CDC definitions for nosocomial infections, 1988
Garner, J. S., Jarvis, W. R., Emori, T. G., Horan, T. C., & Hughes, J. M. (1988) · American Journal of Infection Control · doi:10.1016/0196-6553(88)90053-3 · Cited by 5,665
Stress hyperglycaemia
Dungan, K. M., Braithwaite, S. S., & Preiser, J.-C. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(09)60553-5 · Cited by 1,431
Sepsis biomarkers: a review
Pierrakos, C. N., & Vincent, J. (2010) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc8872 · Cited by 1,389
Association Between Hyperglycemia and Increased Hospital Mortality in a Heterogeneous Population of Critically Ill Patients
Krinsley, J. S. (2003) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.4065/78.12.1471 · Cited by 1,165
The International Sepsis Forum Consensus Conference on Definitions of Infection in the Intensive Care Unit
Calandra, T., & Cohen, J. D. (2005) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000168253.91200.83 · Cited by 840
Acute hyperglycemia and the innate immune system: Clinical, cellular, and molecular aspects
Turina, M., Fry, D. E., & Polk, H. C. (2005) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.ccm.0000170106.61978.d8 · Cited by 491
Stress-hyperglycemia, insulin and immunomodulation in sepsis
Marik, P. E., & Raghavan, M. (2004) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-004-2167-y · Cited by 423

Show all 49 references

Sorted by citations

American Association of Clinical Endocrinology Clinical Practice Guideline: Developing a Diabetes Mellitus Comprehensive Care Plan-2022 Update.
Blonde, L., Umpierrez, G. E., Reddy, S. S., McGill, J. B., Berga, S. L., Bush, M., Chandrasekaran, S., DeFronzo, R. A., Einhorn, D., Galindo, R. J., et al. (2022) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2022.08.002 · Cited by 507
Outcomes in Patients With Hyperglycemia Affected by COVID-19: Can We Do More on Glycemic Control?
Sardu, C., D’Onofrio, N., Balestrieri, M. L., Barbieri, M., Rizzo, M. R., Messina, V., Maggi, P., Coppola, N., Paolisso, G., & Marfella, R. (2020) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/dc20-0723 · Cited by 435
“abetes hospitalized for COVID-19 and is common among acute hospital admissions and critically ill patients, encompassing those with no previous history of hyperglycemia (1,2).”
Background
Association of Blood Glucose Level and Glycemic Variability With Mortality in Sepsis Patients During ICU Hospitalization
Lu, Z., Tao, G., Sun, X., Zhang, Y., Jiang, M., Liu, Y., Ling, M., Zhang, J., Xiao, W., Hua, T., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2022.857368 · Cited by 134
The Role of Adipose Tissue and Adipokines in Sepsis: Inflammatory and Metabolic Considerations, and the Obesity Paradox
Karampela, Ι., Christodoulatos, G. S., & Dalamaga, Μ. (2019) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-019-00360-2 · Cited by 107
Hyperglycemia, Insulin, and Insulin Resistance in Sepsis
Rivas, A. M., & NUGENT, K. M. (2020) · The American Journal of the Medical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2020.11.007 · Cited by 87
Association of multiple glycemic parameters at intensive care unit admission with mortality and clinical outcomes in critically ill patients
Bellaver, P., Schaeffer, A. F., Dullius, D. P., Viana, M. V., Leitão, C. B., & Rech, T. H. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55080-3 · Cited by 73
Mortality from infectious diseases in diabetes
Zoppini, G., Fedeli, U., Schievano, E., Dauriz, M., Targher, G., Bonora, E., & Corti, M. C. (2018) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2017.12.007 · Cited by 70
Prognostic values of SOFA score, qSOFA score, and LODS score for patients with sepsis
Li, Y., Yan, C., Gan, Z., Xi, X., Tan, Z., Li, J., & Li, G. (2020) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-20-984 · Cited by 70
“Survival group 66 [53,77] 4,115 4,755 11 [6,20] 5 [3,7] 2 [2, 2] 4 [3,6]”
Influential
Expert consensus on the glycemic management of critically ill patients
Wu, Z., Liu, J., Zhang, D., Kang, K., Zuo, X., Xu, Q., Pan, A., Fang, W., Liu, F., Shang, Y., et al. (2022) · Journal of Intensive Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jointm.2022.06.001 · Cited by 67
“[77] A retrospective study of 1527 patients with ommunity-acquired sepsis showed that increased blood gluose ( ≥ 11.”
Background
PPARα augments heart function and cardiac fatty acid oxidation in early experimental polymicrobial sepsis
Standage, S. W., Bennion, B. G., Knowles, T. O., Ledee, D. R., Portman, M. A., McGuire, J. K., Liles, W. C., & Olson, A. K. (2016) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00457.2016 · Cited by 63
Trends in Cardiovascular Complications and Mortality among Patients with Diabetes in South Korea
Park, J. H., Ha, K. H., Kim, B., Lee, J. H., & Kim, D. J. (2020) · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · doi:10.4093/dmj.2020.0175 · Cited by 60
Control strategies in systemic metabolism
Ye, J. J., & Medzhitov, R. M. (2019) · Nature Metabolism · doi:10.1038/s42255-019-0118-8 · Cited by 60
Risk factors and outcomes of sepsis-associated delirium in intensive care unit patients: A secondary data analysis
Kim, Y., Jin, Y., Jin, T., & Lee, S. (2020) · Intensive and Critical Care Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.iccn.2020.102844 · Cited by 49
Hyperglycemia in septic patients: an essential stress survival response in all, a robust marker for risk stratification in some, to be messed with in none
Wernly, B., Lichtenauer, M., Hoppe, U. C., & Jung, C. (2016) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.05.24 · Cited by 47
“have investigated the relation of admission hyperglycemia in patients suffering from sepsis (1).”
Background
The association of diabetes and hyperglycemia with sepsis outcomes: a population-based cohort analysis
Zohar, Y., Zilberman-Itskovich, S., Koren, S., Zaidenstein, R., Marchaim, D., & Koren, R. (2020) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-020-02507-9 · Cited by 39
Hyperglycaemia in critically ill patients: the immune system’s sweet tooth
van Niekerk, G., Davis, T., & Engelbrecht, A. (2017) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-017-1775-1 · Cited by 34
Prehospital characteristics among patients with sepsis: a comparison between patients with or without adverse outcome
Olander, A., Andersson, H., Sundler, A. J., Bremer, A., Ljungström, L., & Hagiwara, M. A. (2019) · BMC Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12873-019-0255-0 · Cited by 40
Blood Glucose Levels and Mortality in Patients With Sepsis: Dose–Response Analysis of Observational Studies
Wang, W., Chen, W., Liu, Y., Li, L., Li, S., Tan, J., & Sun, X. (2019) · Journal of Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1177/0885066619889322 · Cited by 36
Diabetic status and the relationship of blood glucose to mortality in adults with carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii complex bacteremia
Leung, C.-H., & Liu, C.-P. (2018) · Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2018.06.005 · Cited by 31
Therapeutic Effects of Endogenous Incretin Hormones and Exogenous Incretin-Based Medications in Sepsis
Shah, F. A., Mahmud, H., Gallego‐Martin, T., Jurczak, M. J., O'Donnell, C. P., & McVerry, B. J. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2019-00296 · Cited by 32
Coagulopathy is a major extrapulmonary risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 with type 2 diabetes
Chen, X., Chen, Y., Wu, C., Wei, M., Xu, J., Chao, Y.-C., Song, J., Hou, D., Zhang, Y., Du, C., et al. (2020) · BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care · doi:10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001851 · Cited by 29
Glucose Management Technologies for the Critically Ill
Salinas, P. D., & Mendez, C. E. (2019) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/1932296818822838 · Cited by 31
The alterations of innate immunity and enhanced severity of infections in diabetes mellitus
Zhou, Z. Q., Wang, H., Tan, S., Zhang, H., & Zhu, Y. (2023) · Immunology · doi:10.1111/imm.13706 · Cited by 35
Loss of FOXO transcription factors in the liver mitigates stress-induced hyperglycemia
Whitlock, A. E. G., Sostre‐Colón, J., Gavin, M. J., Martin, N. D., Baur, J. A., Sims, C. A., & Titchenell, P. M. (2021) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2021.101246 · Cited by 29
“com survival, especially in trauma, sepsis, and lung injury in which stressinduced hyperglycemia is associated with as high as a two-fold increase in mortality [7,12,15,16].”
Background
Prognostic indicators in cats with septic peritonitis (2002–2015): 83 cases
Scotti, K. M., Koenigshof, A. M., Sri-Jayantha, L. S. H., Kato, M., Bishop, M. A., Barr, J. W., & Pashmakova, M. B. (2019) · Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care · doi:10.1111/vec.12896 · Cited by 26
Severe Intraoperative Hyperglycemia Is Independently Associated With Postoperative Composite Infection After Craniotomy: An Observational Study
Gruenbaum, S. E., Toscani, L., Fomberstein, K., Ruskin, K. J., Dai, F., Qeva, E., Rosa, G., Meng, L., & Bilotta, F. (2017) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000001946 · Cited by 26
Actualidades en el control metabólico del paciente crítico: hiperglucemia, variabilidad de la glucosa, hipoglucemia e hipoglucemia relativa
Pérez-Calatayud, Á. A., Guillén-Vidaña, A., Fraire-Félix, I. S., Malagón, E. D. A., Garduño, J. C. B., & Carrillo-Esper, R. (2016) · Cirugía y Cirujanos · doi:10.1016/j.circir.2016.10.026 · Cited by 25
High sugar diets can increase susceptibility to bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogaster
Darby, A. M., Okoro, D. O., Aredas, S., Frank, A. M., Pearson, W. H., Dionne, M., & Lazzaro, B. P. (2024) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1012447 · Cited by 29
High prevalence of diabetes and anthropometric heterogeneity among tuberculosis patients in Pakistan
Aftab, H., Ambreen, A., Jamil, M., Garred, P., Petersen, J. H., Nielsen, S. D., Bygbjerg, I. C., & Christensen, D. L. (2017) · Tropical Medicine & International Health · doi:10.1111/tmi.12842 · Cited by 24
“) Several studies have shown that transient hyperglycaemia is associated with increased mortality(38, 39).”
Background
Hyperglycemia during tuberculosis treatment increases morbidity and mortality in a contemporary cohort of HIV-infected patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Moreira, J., Castro, R., Lamas, C. D. C., Ribeiro, S. R., Grinsztejn, B. G. J., & Veloso, V. G. (2017) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2017.12.014 · Cited by 24
“Hyperglycemia is a marker of illness severity and a wellrecognized predictor of mortality across a diverse spectrum of conditions, including pneumonia (McAlister et al., 2005), sepsis (van Vught et al., 2016), and critical illness (van den Berghe et al., 2001; Krinsley, 2003).”
Background
Serum Levels of Branched Chain Amino Acids Predict Duration of Cardiovascular Organ Failure in Septic Shock
Puskarich, M. A., McHugh, C. E., Flott, T. L., Karnovsky, A., Jones, A. E., & Stringer, K. A. (2020) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000001687 · Cited by 22
“Clin Infect Dis 65(9):1565-1569, 2017.”
Background
Hyperglycemia at admission, comorbidities, and in-hospital mortality in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards: data from the RePoSI Registry
Corrao, S., Nobili, A., Natoli, G., Mannucci, P. M., Perticone, F., Pietrangelo, A., Argano, C., on behalf of the REPOSI Investigators, Mannucci, P. M., Nobili, A., et al. (2021) · Acta Diabetologica · doi:10.1007/s00592-021-01716-8 · Cited by 23
“Our findings are in agreement with previous studies that found a strong association between severe hyperglycemia (glucose >200 mg/dL) and 30-day risk of mortality in critical ill patients with sepsis [20].”
Result
Differential Impact of Hyperglycemia in Critically Ill Patients: Significance in Acute Myocardial Infarction but Not in Sepsis?
Wernly, B., Lichtenauer, M., Franz, M., Kabisch, B., Muessig, J. M., Masyuk, M., Kelm, M., Hoppe, U. C., & Jung, C. (2016) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms17091586 · Cited by 22
“In septic patients severe hyperglycemia (blood glucose >200 mg/dL) but not mild hyperglycemia (141–199 mg/dL) was recently reported to be associated with increased mortality [8].”
Background
The anti-inflammatory activity of Anacardium occidentale L. increases the lifespan of diabetic mice with lethal sepsis
Oliveira, A. S., do Nascimento, J. R., Trovão, L. O., Alves, P. C. S., Maciel, M. C. G., Silva, L. D. M., Marques, A. A., Santos, A. P. S. A., Silva, L. A., do Nascimento, F. R. F., et al. (2019) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2019.03.014 · Cited by 26
GC/MS-based metabonomics approach reveals effects of Xuebijing injection in CLP induced septic rats
Jiang, Y., Zou, L., Liu, S., Liu, X., Chen, F., Liu, X., & Zhu, Y. (2019) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109163 · Cited by 21
Admission hyperglycemia and outcome in ICU patients with sepsis
Robba, C., & Bilotta, F. (2016) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.06.09 · Cited by 20
“(11) explored the relationship between admission blood glucose concentration and outcome in septic patients admitted to ICU and addressed some important points regarding this topic.”
Background
Hypoglycemia but Not Hyperglycemia Is Associated with Mortality in Critically Ill Patients with Diabetes
Wernly, B., Jirak, P., Lichtenauer, M., Franz, M., Kabisch, B., Schulze, P. C., Braun, K., Muessig, J. M., Masyuk, M., Paulweber, B., et al. (2018) · Medical Principles and Practice · doi:10.1159/000496205 · Cited by 20
Sepsis in 2018: a review
Wentowski, C. C., Mewada, N., & Nielsen, N. D. (2018) · Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2018.11.009 · Cited by 21
Association between hyperglycemia and adverse clinical outcomes of sepsis patients with diabetes
Lin, S., Lai, D., & He, W. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.1046736 · Cited by 18
Hospital outcomes and cumulative burden from complications in type 2 diabetic sepsis patients: a cohort study using administrative and hospital-based databases
Hsieh, M., Hu, S.-Y., How, C., Seak, C., Hsieh, V. C., Lin, J.-W., & Chen, P. (2019) · Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1177/2042018819875406 · Cited by 18
Predictive value of glycemic gap and stress glycemia ratio among critically ill patients with acute kidney injury: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-III database
Xia, W., Li, C., Kuang, M., Wu, Y., Xu, L., & Hu, H. W. (2023) · BMC Nephrology · doi:10.1186/s12882-023-03278-z · Cited by 17
The Bitter and the Sweet: Relationship of Lactate, Glucose, and Mortality After Severe Blunt Trauma
Richards, J. E., Mazzeffi, M. A., Massey, M. S., Rock, P., Galvagno, S. M., & Scalea, T. M. (2020) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/ane.0000000000005335 · Cited by 17
Association between comorbid diabetes mellitus and prognosis of patients with sepsis in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study
Lin, S., Ge, S., He, W., & Zeng, M. (2021) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm-20-4360 · Cited by 16
“although that study had a small sample size and involved only 218 sepsis patients with comorbid DM (18).”
Background
Quantifying the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance to Predict Mortality in Multi-organ Dysfunction Syndrome
Kant, R., Naithani, M., Jain, G., Kumar, A., & Sama, S. (2021) · Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24043 · Cited by 16
Machine learning approaches to the human metabolome in sepsis identify metabolic links with survival
Kosyakovsky, L. B., Somerset, E., Rogers, A. J., Sklar, M. C., Mayers, J. R., Toma, A., Szekely, Y., Soussi, S., Wang, B., Fan, C. S., et al. (2022) · Intensive Care Medicine Experimental · doi:10.1186/s40635-022-00445-8 · Cited by 16
“Stress hyperglycemia and glycemic variability are associated with sepsis mortality, and accordingly this link may provide further corroboration and insight into this interaction [37, 38].”
Background
Association of Diabetes and Admission Blood Glucose Levels with Short-Term Outcomes in Patients with Critical Illnesses
Lin, S., He, W., & Zeng, M. (2020) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s287510 · Cited by 15
Effect of high-dose intravenous vitamin C on point-of-care blood glucose level in septic patients: a retrospective, single-center, observational case series
He, J., Zheng, G., Qian, X., Sheng, H., Chen, B., Zhao, B., Chen, E., Mao, E., & Bian, X. (2021) · Current Medical Research and Opinion · doi:10.1080/03007995.2021.1887832 · Cited by 15
Maximal Glycemic Difference, the Possible Strongest Glycemic Variability Parameter to Predict Mortality in ICU Patients
Issarawattana, T., & Bhurayanontachai, R. (2020) · Critical Care Research and Practice · doi:10.1155/2020/5071509 · Cited by 15
Inter-relationships between gastric emptying and glycaemia: Implications for clinical practice
Murthy, T. A., Chapman, M. J., Jones, K. L., Horowitz, M., & Marathe, C. S. (2023) · World Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.4239/wjd.v14.i5.447 · Cited by 17
Relationship between time-weighted average glucose and mortality in critically ill patients: a retrospective analysis of the MIMIC-IV database
Feng, M., & Zhou, J. (2024) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-55504-9 · Cited by 14
Sepsis in 2024: a review
Wayland, J., Teixeira, J. P., & Nielsen, N. D. (2024) · Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2024.06.010 · Cited by 16
Pulse contour cardiac output monitoring in acute heart failure patients
Wernly, B., Lichtenauer, M., Franz, M., Fritzenwanger, M., Kabisch, B., Figulla, H., & Jung, C. (2016) · Wiener klinische Wochenschrift · doi:10.1007/s00508-016-1048-z · Cited by 14
Incidence and Impact of Dysglycemia in Patients with Sepsis Under Moderate Glycemic Control
Fujishima, S., Gando, S., Saitoh, D., Kushimoto, S., Ogura, H., Abe, T., Shiraishi, A., Mayumi, T., Sasaki, J., Kotani, J., et al. (2021) · Shock · doi:10.1097/shk.0000000000001794 · Cited by 14
“With regard to sepsis, an admission blood glucose level of 200 mg/dL was found to be a risk factor for poor prognosis (15, 23).”
BackgroundResult
Precision Glycemic Control in the ICU*
Marik, P. E. (2016) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000001683 · Cited by 16
Hyperglycemia and outcomes in patients with sepsis
NUGENT, K. M., Edriss, H., & Selvan, K. C. (2016) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.05.63 · Cited by 13
“All studies investigating the relationship between hyperglycemia and outcomes in patients with sepsis need to consider patient characteristics and co-morbidity at presentation, adverse events during the hospitalization, and, in particular, the presence or absence of diabetes prior to hospitalization (1).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Prognostic value of the Glucose-to-Albumin ratio in sepsis-related mortality: A retrospective ICU study
Ge, Y., Wang, Z., Ma, Y., & Zhang, C. (2025) · Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2025.112217 · Cited by 11
Association between various blood glucose variability-related indicators during early ICU admission and 28-day mortality in non-diabetic patients with sepsis
Zhou, J. H., Chen, Z., Huang, H., Ou, C., & Li, X. (2025) · Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome · doi:10.1186/s13098-025-01580-4 · Cited by 11
Metabolic control in the critically ill patient an update: Hyperglycemia, glucose variability hypoglycemia and relative hypoglycemia
Pérez-Calatayud, Á. A., Guillén-Vidaña, A., Fraire-Félix, I. S., Malagón, E. D. A., Garduño, J. C. B., & Carrillo-Esper, R. (2017) · Cirugía y Cirujanos (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.circen.2016.10.005 · Cited by 11
The association between admission glucose levels and outcomes in adults admitted to a tertiary care hospital
McGrade, P., Yang, S., & NUGENT, K. M. (2019) · Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives · doi:10.1080/20009666.2019.1611318 · Cited by 11
Glucose and Lactate Levels at Admission as Predictors of In-hospital Mortality
Sotello, D., Yang, S., & NUGENT, K. M. (2019) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.6027 · Cited by 11
Association of the systemic host immune response with acute hyperglycemia in mechanically ventilated septic patients
Farooq, N., Chuan, B. W., Mahmud, H., Khoudary, S. R. E., Nouraie, M. S., Evankovich, J. W., Yang, L., Dunlap, D. G., Bain, W., Kitsios, G. D., et al. (2021) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0248853 · Cited by 11
“Clinical studies of the relationship between the host immune response and the occurrence of hyperglycemia in septic patients are limited and have yielded conflicting results [7, 20, 21].”
BackgroundResult
Stress hyperglycemia ratio as a mortality predictor in non-diabetic septic patients: a retrospective cohort analysis
Feng, S., Zou, R., Wang, Y., Huang, Y., Zhou, Q., Huang, Q., & Xu, H. (2025) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-025-11151-7 · Cited by 10
Admission Blood Glucose Is Associated With the 30-Days Mortality in Septic Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Wei, X., Min, Y., Yu, J.-C., Wang, Q., Wang, H., Li, S., & Su, L. (2021) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2021.757061 · Cited by 10
Application of Peak Glucose Range and Diabetes Status in Mortality Risk Stratification in Critically Ill Patients with Sepsis
Hung, K.-Y., Tsai, Y., Lin, C.-Y., Chang, Y.-C., Wang, Y.-H., Lin, M., & Fang, W. (2021) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics11101798 · Cited by 10
“Although admission for severe hyperglycemia was associated with increased mortality in both DM and non-DM patients in a previous report [23], we found that the phenomenon was more obvious when using the peak glucose level instead of the admission glucose level.”
Background
Stimulation of the endogenous incretin glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide by enteral dextrose improves glucose homeostasis and inflammation in murine endotoxemia
Shah, F. A., Singamsetty, S., Guo, L., Chuan, B. W., McDonald, S., Cooper, B. A., O’Donnell, B. J., Stefanovski, D., Wice, B. M., Zhang, Y., et al. (2017) · Translational research · doi:10.1016/j.trsl.2017.11.001 · Cited by 10
“increased short- and long-term mortality.(29-31) Maintaining euglycemia in septic patients remains challenging because of the complex balance between the effects of acute illness and inflammation, the disruption of endocrine pathways responsible for glucose disposal, and the intentional and unintentional effects of th…”
Hospital‐acquired complications in intensive care unit patients with diabetes: A before‐and‐after study of a conventional versus liberal glucose control protocol
Luethi, N., Cioccari, L., Eastwood, G. M., Biesenbach, P., Morgan, R., Sprogis, S. K., Young, H., Peck, L., Chong, C. K., Moore, S., et al. (2019) · Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/aas.13354 · Cited by 10
Between blood glucose and mortality in critically ill patients: Retrospective analysis of the MIMIC‐IV database
Li, Y., Li, W., & Xu, B. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Investigation · doi:10.1111/jdi.14182 · Cited by 9
“In addition, individuals without diabetes with increased glucose concentrations showed a decreased responsiveness of whole blood leukocytes after ex vivo stimulation with endotoxin, and hyperglycemia inhibited innate immune response in various conditions 30 .”
Background
Sepsis 2021: a review
Wentowski, C. C., Inglés, D. P., & Nielsen, N. D. (2021) · Anaesthesia & intensive care medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mpaic.2021.10.001 · Cited by 11
Stress-induced hyperglycemia and mortality of non-diabetic patients with sepsis: a meta-analysis
Huang, J., Li, J., Chen, X., & Gu, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1688494 · Cited by 8
Analysis of Glucose Levels in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 During the First Phase of This Pandemic in West Texas
Rao, S., Ali, K., Dennis, J. A., Berdine, G. G., Test, V. J., & NUGENT, K. M. (2020) · Journal of Primary Care & Community Health · doi:10.1177/2150132720958533 · Cited by 8
The Impact of SARS-CoV-2 Infection on Glucose Homeostasis in Hospitalized Patients with Pulmonary Impairment
Parlițeanu, O.-A., Bălteanu, M. A., Zaharia, D. C., Constantinescu, T., Cristea, A. M., Dumitrache‐Rujinski, S., Nica, A. E., Voineag, C., Alexe, O., Tabacu, E., et al. (2025) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics15050554 · Cited by 7
Beyond diabetes: harnessing the power of metformin in burn care
Khalaf, F., Touma, D., Saldanha, S., Khalaf, G., Barayan, D., & Jeschke, M. G. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05662-7 · Cited by 9
“In critically ill septic patients, only severe hyperglycemia (> 200 mg/dL) on admission was associated with increased 30-day mortality, whereas mild hyperglycemia (141–199 mg/dL) did not show the same detrimental impact [20].”
Prediction of the Risk of Sepsis by Using Analysis of Plasma Glucose and Serum Lactate in Ambulance Services: A Prospective Study
Olander, A., Magnusson, C. G. M., Sundler, A. J., Bremer, A., Andersson, H., Herlitz, J. D., Axelsson, C., & Hagiwara, M. A. (2023) · Prehospital and Disaster Medicine · doi:10.1017/s1049023x23000110 · Cited by 7
Novel automated self-adjusting subcutaneous insulin algorithm improves glycemic control and physician efficiency in hospitalized patients
Mehta, P. B., Kohn, M. A., Rov-Ikpah, E., San Luis, C., Johnson, C., Lee, G., Koliwad, S., & Rushakoff, R. J. (2024) · Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology · doi:10.1177/19322968241232673 · Cited by 7
Machine learning glucose forecasting models for septic patients
Cao, X. G., Wang, D., He, J.-X., Hou, J., Li, J., Jiang, H., & Wang, Q. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-23057-0 · Cited by 6
Effectiveness of an evidence-based protocol for the control of stress-induced hyperglycaemia in critical care
Rodríguez-Calero, M. Á., Llodrá, E. B., Cuberos, M. C., Blanco‐Mavillard, I., & Axartell, M. A. P. (2019) · Enfermería Intensiva (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.enfie.2018.01.004 · Cited by 6
Correlation between stress hyperglycemia ratio and risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients with sepsis: a MIMIC-IV cohort study
Jin, X., Deng, W., Weng, Q., Liu, F., & Jia, M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-18349-4 · Cited by 5
“Consistently, Vught et al. 28 demonstrated that sepsis patients with hyperglycemia at admission were significantly correlated with poor prognostic outcomes, irrespective of the presence of diabetes.”
Efectividad de un protocolo basado en la evidencia para el control de la hiperglucemia por estrés en cuidados intensivos
Rodríguez-Calero, M. Á., Llodrá, E. B., Cuberos, M. C., Blanco‐Mavillard, I., & Axartell, M. A. P. (2018) · Enfermería Intensiva · doi:10.1016/j.enfi.2018.01.004 · Cited by 5
The association between hypoglycemia and mortality in sepsis and septic shock: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Shao, Y., Shao, F., Zhou, J., Fang, S., Zhu, J., & Li, F. (2023) · Advances in Clinical and Experimental Medicine · doi:10.17219/acem/166656 · Cited by 7
Highest In-Hospital Glucose Measurements are Associated With Neurological Outcomes After Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Rosenthal, J., Lord, A. S., Ishida, K., Torres, J., Czeisler, B. M., & Lewis, A. K. (2018) · Journal of Stroke and Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2018.05.030 · Cited by 5
Monocyte subtype expression patterns in septic patients with diabetes are distinct from patterns observed in obese patients
Ning, D., Garg, K., Mayer, B., Schick, B., Bracht, H., Barth, E., Weiss, M., Li, C., Schneider, J., & Schneider, E. M. (2023) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.1026298 · Cited by 5
Diabetes associates with mortality in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia: No diabetes paradox in COVID-19
Bellaver, P., Schneider, L., Schaeffer, A. F., Henrique, L. R., Camargo, J. L., Gerchman, F., Leitão, C. B., & Rech, T. H. (2023) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e18554 · Cited by 5
Prognostic value of initial routine laboratory blood tests in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage requiring mechanical ventilation: a retrospective cohort study
Ren, J., Zhang, C., Liu, Y.-H., Han, H., Liang, Y., Zhang, Q., Li, S., Benn, B. S., NUGENT, K. M., Qu, H., et al. (2023) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd-23-854 · Cited by 4
Admission hyperglycemia in sepsis is associated with poor outcomes: where do we go from here?
Szumita, P. M., & Gilmore, J. F. (2016) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd.2016.05.17 · Cited by 4
“Findings from van Vught and colleagues evaluating the relationship between initial blood glucose (BG) value and mortality, as well as changes in the host response, add to the evidence suggesting hyperglycemia is associated with poor outcomes in the subset of critically ill patients with sepsis (3).”
BackgroundInfluential
Targeted Glycemic Control for Adult Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Acute Care Setting
Pourmand, A., Mazer-Amirshahi, M. E., Caggiula, A., Nawab, A., Payette, C., & Johnson, S. G. (2018) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2018.01.015 · Cited by 4
Procalcitonin and qSOFA as a Marker of Mortality in Sepsis.
Parrey, A. H., Koka, M., Kassana, B. A., & Ismail, M. (2024) · Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials · doi:10.2174/0115748871288534240322083746 · Cited by 4
Continuous vs. intermittent infusion of corticosteroids in septic shock: a GRADE-based systematic review and meta-analysis
Mahmoudi, P. S., Sadeghi, F., Saberian, M., Khalili, H., & Shafaati, M. (2026) · Journal of Anesthesia Analgesia and Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s44158-025-00335-x · Cited by 3
“Severe admission hyperglycemia ( ≥ 200 mg/dL) is independently associated with increased 30-day mortality in patients without a history of diabetes, with an adjusted hazard ratio of 1.65 (95% CI 1.12–2.42) [65].”
Influential
Clinical outcomes of multidimensional association of type 2 diabetes mellitus, COVID-19 and sarcopenia: an algorithm and scoping systematic evaluation
Al‐Taie, A., Arueyingho, O., Khoshnaw, J., & Hafeez, A. (2022) · Archives of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1080/13813455.2022.2086265 · Cited by 3
“It is common among acute hospital admissions and critically ill patients and is associated with an increase of poor outcomes and mortality in hospitalised patients (van Vught et al. 2016, Khateeb et al .”
Background
Corticosteroids in Lung and Pleural Infections
Badiei, A., Chan, K. P., Lee, G., & WATERER, G. W. (2018) · Current Pulmonology Reports · doi:10.1007/s13665-018-0197-0 · Cited by 3
Prognostic Value of Serum Glucose Level in Critically Ill Septic Patients on Admission to Pediatric Intensive Care Unit
Mohamed, A. O., Megied, M. A. A. E., & Hosni, Y. A. (2023) · Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24546 · Cited by 2
Acute Coronary Syndrome After Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Incidence, Risk Factors and Impact on the Outcome
Meška, D., Schroer, S., Odensass, S., Gümüs, M., Rieß, C., Dinger, T. F., Rauschenbach, L., Engel, A., Oppong, M. D., Ahmadipour, Y., et al. (2024) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60111862 · Cited by 2
“…observational cohort study including 987 sepsis patients, reported on an association between hyperglycemia at admission with an adverse outcome of sepsis irrespective of the presence or absence of preexisting diabetes, by a mechanism unrelated to exaggerated inflammation or coagulation [36].”
Implementation of an Evidence‐Based Protocol for Blood Glucose Management in Critically Ill Adult Patients: A Pilot Study
Huang, M. L., Li, D., Chuanlai, Z., Yang, R., Bai, X., & Gan, X. (2025) · Nursing in Critical Care · doi:10.1111/nicc.70080 · Cited by 2
“…studies further validated that the use of IIPs with a more liberal range is becoming more common in the prevention of hypoglycaemia [10], with common target glycaemic control ranges of 7.9–10 mmol/L (140–180 mg/dL) [6], 6.1–11.1 mmol/L (110–200 mg/dL) [11] and 10–11.1 mmol/L (180–200 mg/dL) [12].”
Influential
High sugar diets can increase susceptibility to bacterial infection in Drosophila melanogasterPreprint
Darby, A. M., Okoro, D. O., Aredas, S., Frank, A. M., Pearson, W. H., Dionne, M., & Lazzaro, B. P. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.12.07.570705 · Cited by 2
Guideline-Concordant Insulin Infusion Initiation Among Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis
Bosch, N. A., Fantasia, K. L., Modzelewski, K. L., Alexanian, S. M., & Walkey, A. J. (2021) · Endocrine Practice · doi:10.1016/j.eprac.2021.01.018 · Cited by 1
Weaker Response to XueBiJing Treatment in Severe Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients With Higher Body Mass Index or Hyperglycemia: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial
Song, Y., Wang, X., Chen, C., Wei, T., Lang, K., Yang, D., & Song, Y. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.755536 · Cited by 1
Association between optimum blood glucose level and mortality in critically ill patients with septic shock: A real‐world time‐series data analysis
Muhetaer, G., Sun, C., Ma, Q., Zhang, Y., Zhang, J., & Ning, Y. (2025) · Nursing in Critical Care · doi:10.1111/nicc.13304 · Cited by 1
Impact of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia on the host response to sepsis
Carlin, S., Dwivedi, D. J., Cani, E., Sharma, N., Venegas-Pino, D. E., Lalu, M. M., Mendelson, A. A., McDonald, B., Werstuck, G. H., & Liaw, P. C. (2025) · Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis · doi:10.1016/j.jtha.2025.07.004 · Cited by 1
Effect of Coronavirus Infection on Fasting Blood Glucose, Kidney Function, and Electrolytes in COVID-19 Patients in the Zawia Region, Western Libya
Azab, A. E., Alawaini, K. A., Albakoush, A. M., Kushlaf, N. A., Abdalla, S., & Mohamed, S. (2021) · Biotechnology and Bioprocessing · doi:10.31579/2766-2314/043 · Cited by 1
“Hyperglycemia can occur in diabetic and non-diabetic patients hospitalized for COVID-19 and is common among acute hospital admissions and critically ill patients, encompassing those with no previous history of hyperglycemia [9-11].”
Background
A Pilot Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Randomized Clinical Trial to Investigate the Effects of Early Enteral Nutrients in Sepsis
Shah, F. A., Kitsios, G. D., Yende, S. P., Dunlap, D. G., Scholl, D., Chuan, B. W., Al‐Yousif, N., Zhang, Y., Nouraie, M. S., Morris, A., et al. (2021) · Critical Care Explorations · doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000000550 · Cited by 3
Development and Validation of an Ensemble Learning Risk Model for Sepsis After Abdominal Surgery
Shu, X., Li, Y., Zhu, Y., Yang, Z., Liu, X., Hu, X., Yang, C., Жао, Л., Zhu, T., Chen, Y., et al. (2024) · Archives of Medical Science · doi:10.5114/aoms/189505 · Cited by 1
“High glucose levels at sepsis onset have been proved to be independently associated with a worse prognosis, irrespective of the presence or absence of preexisting diabetes [37, 38].”

Authors: van Vught, L. A., Wiewel, M. A., Klein Klouwenberg, P. M. C., Hoogendijk, A. J., Scicluna, B. P., Ong, D. S. Y., Cremer, O. L., Horn, J., Bonten, M. M. J., Schultz, M. J., & van der Poll, T.
Affiliations: Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
Department of Medical Microbiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
ORCID: Wiewel, Maryse A.
Hoogendijk, Arie J.
Scicluna, Brendon P.
Ong, David S. Y.
Cremer, Olaf L.
Horn, Janneke
Schultz, Marcus J.
Venue: Critical Care Medicine
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2016-07
Volume: 44
Issue: 7
Pages: 1338-1346
ISSN: 0090-3493 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000001650
OpenAlex: W2295634666
Cited by: 130
References: 49
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9
FWCI: 14.05
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
pure.amsterdamumc.nl
Licence: other-oa
Locations: Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Pure Amsterdam UMC (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Center for Translational Molecular Medicine (04I-201)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: sepsis, admission hyperglycemia, critically ill patients, host response biomarkers, diabetes mellitus, 30-day mortality, cytokine network, vascular endothelium, coagulation, plasma biomarkers, intensive care
MeSH terms: Aged, Female, Hospitalization, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Critical Illness, Sepsis, Diabetes Complications

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Admission hyperglycemia in critically ill sepsis patients: Association with outcome and host response

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks