The DOI matches its Crossref record; 53 of the 53 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Delirium and Mortality in Critically Ill Children: Epidemiology and Outcomes of Pediatric Delirium
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Delirium occurs frequently in adults and is an independent predictor of mortality. However, the epidemiology and outcomes of pediatric delirium are not well-characterized. The primary objectives of this study were to describe the frequency of delirium in critically ill children, its duration, associated risk factors, and effect on in-hospital outcomes, including mortality. Secondary objectives included determination of delirium subtype, and effect of delirium on duration of mechanical ventilation, and length of hospital stay. DESIGN: Prospective, longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Urban academic tertiary care PICU. PATIENTS: All consecutive admissions from September 2014 through August 2015. INTERVENTIONS: Children were screened for delirium twice daily throughout their ICU stay. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Of 1,547 consecutive patients, delirium was diagnosed in 267 (17%) and lasted a median of 2 days (interquartile range, 1-5). Seventy-eight percent of children with delirium developed it within the first 3 PICU days. Most cases of delirium were of the hypoactive (46%) and mixed (45%) subtypes; only 8% of delirium episodes were characterized as hyperactive delirium. In multivariable analysis, independent predictors of delirium included age less than or equal to 2 years old, developmental delay, severity of illness, prior coma, mechanical ventilation, and receipt of benzodiazepines and anticholinergics. PICU length of stay was increased in children with delirium (adjusted relative length of stay, 2.3; CI = 2.1-2.5; p < 0.001), as was duration of mechanical ventilation (median, 4 vs 1 d; p < 0.001). Delirium was a strong and independent predictor of mortality (adjusted odds ratio, 4.39; CI = 1.96-9.99; p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Delirium occurs frequently in critically ill children and is independently associated with mortality. Some in-hospital risk factors for delirium development are modifiable. Interventional studies are needed to determine best practices to limit delirium exposure in at-risk children.
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“Even after accounting for illness severity, delirium is associated with increased short- and long-term morbidity, leading to higher healthcare resource utilization and expenditure, and mortality [7,61,64,65,66].”
From Psychological and Psychiatric Comorbidities in Youth with Serious Physical Illness (2022) · cites this paper as [66]
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“The first is the classification of delirium by subtype (hyperactive, hypoactive, and mixed), which has been intensively investigated in the adult literature(1,26,27).”
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“With further study of late-onset delirium, we may be able to identify hospital-associated risk factors that are modifiable(21,49,50).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- Traube, C., Silver, G., Gerber, L. M., Kaur, S., Mauer, E. A., Kerson, A., Joyce, C., & Greenwald, B. M.
- Affiliations
- Weill Cornell Medicine (US)
- NewYork–Presbyterian Hospital (US)
- Venue
- Critical Care Medicine
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 45
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 891-898
- ISSN
- 0090-3493 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5392157
- OpenAlex
- W2593019651
- Cited by
- 379
- References
- 53
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 37 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 45 · 2021: 54 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 15
- FWCI
- 29.59
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000457)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Intensive Care Unit Cognitive Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Sedative Agents
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine › Sepsis Diagnosis and Treatment
- Keywords
- pediatric delirium, critically ill children, mortality, hypoactive delirium, hyperactive delirium, risk factors, mechanical ventilation duration, length of hospital stay, benzodiazepines, anticholinergic agents, developmental delay, intensive care unit
- MeSH terms
- Academic Medical Centers, Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Preschool, Delirium, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Length of Stay, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Prospective Studies, Respiration, Artificial, Risk Factors, Severity of Illness Index, Time Factors, Intensive Care Units, Pediatric, Critical Illness, Hospital Mortality
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