Influenza A pandemics: Clinical and organizational aspects: The experience in Chile
Abstract
Recently, the World Health Organization declared a pandemic mediated by the novel A H1N1 influenza virus. Soon after the first report from Mexico, the disease arrived in Chile, where it spread quickly from south to north, mimicking cold weather progression through the country. Between May and September 2009, 366,624 cases of H1N1 were reported; 12,248 were confirmed by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and 1562 were hospitalized. One hundred thirty-two deaths were attributable to the infection, creating a death rate of 0.78 per 100,000 inhabitants. Common comorbidities were present in 59%, including obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, type II diabetes, and congestive heart failure. Nine percent were pregnant. Severe disease developed early; the median time to admittance was 5 days, and the most common clinical manifestations were cough, fever, dyspnea, and myalgia. Mean acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II and sequential organ failure assessment scores were 14 and 5, respectively. Highlighted laboratory data were lactate dehydrogenase and creatine kinase elevation, leukocytosis in 50%, elevated creatinine in a 25%, and thrombocytopenia in 20%. Severe respiratory failure requiring high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation as sophisticated modes of respiratory support was seen in 17%. Acute renal failure occurred in 25% of the intensive care unit patients, with death rates near 5…
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One study reported that the ARDS-death group was more likely to have bacterial co-infections than patients who survived without ARDS or had mild disease.
“One study reported factors associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) or death, with the ARDS-death group more likely to have bacterial co-infections than patients who survived without ARDS or had mild disease [25].”
From The role of pneumonia and secondary bacterial infection in fatal and serious outcomes of pandemic influenza a(H1N1)pdm09. (2018) · cites this paper as [25]
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- Authors
- Ugarte, S., Arancibia, F., & Soto, R.
- Affiliations
- Hospital del Salvador (CL)
- Clínica Alemana (CL)
- ORCID
- Arancibia, Francisco
- Venue
- Critical Care Medicine
- Published
- 2010-04
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 4 Suppl
- Pages
- e133-e137
- ISSN
- 0090-3493 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2116160517
- Cited by
- 67
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 11.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Emergency Medical Services › Disaster Response and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Keywords
- 2009 H1N1 pandemic, pandemic influenza, Chile, clinical features, comorbidities, severe respiratory failure, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, acute kidney injury, intensive care, health system response, small hospitals, hospital preparedness
- MeSH terms
- Chile, Critical Care, Disaster Planning, Disease Outbreaks, Hospital Administration, Humans, Influenza, Human, Respiratory Insufficiency, Time Factors, Comorbidity, Age Distribution, Renal Insufficiency, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype
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