Critical illness from 2009 pandemic influenza A virus and bacterial coinfection in the United States.
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: The contribution of bacterial coinfection to critical illness associated with 2009 influenza A virus infection remains uncertain. The objective of this study was to determine whether bacterial coinfection increased the morbidity and mortality of 2009 influenza A. DESIGN: Retrospective and prospective cohort study. SETTING: Thirty-five adult U.S. intensive care units over the course of 1 yr. PATIENTS: Six hundred eighty-three critically ill adults with confirmed or probable 2009 influenza A. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A confirmed or probable case was defined as a positive 2009 influenza A test result or positive test for influenza A that was otherwise not subtyped. Bacterial coinfection was defined as documented bacteremia or any presumed bacterial pneumonia with or without positive respiratory tract culture within 72 hrs of intensive care unit admission. The mean age was 45±16 yrs, mean body mass index was 32.5±11.1 kg/m, and mean Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Examination II score was 21±9, with 76% having at least one comorbidity. Of 207 (30.3%) patients with bacterial coinfection on intensive care unit admission, 154 had positive cultures with Staphylococcus aureus (n=57) and Streptococcus pneumoniae (n=19), the most commonly identified pathogens. Bacterial coinfected patients were more likely to present with shock (21% vs. 10%; p=.0001), require mechanical ventilation at the time of intensive care unit admission (63% vs. 52%; p=.005), and have longer duration of intensive care unit care (median, 7 vs. 6 days; p=.05). Hospital mortality was 23%; 31% in bacterial coinfected patients and 21% in patients without coinfection (p=.002). Immunosuppression (relative risk 1.57; 95% confidence interval 1.20 -2.06; p=.0009) and Staphylococcus aureus at admission (relative risk 2.82; 95% confidence interval 1.76-4.51; p<.0001) were independently associated with increased mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Among intensive care unit patients with 2009 influenza A, bacterial coinfection diagnosed within 72 hrs of admission, especially with Staphylococcus aureus, was associated with significantly higher morbidity and mortality.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Immunosuppression is associated with more severe morbidity and a higher risk of mortality from co/secondary bacterial infection.
“Immunosuppression is associated with more severe morbidity and a much higher risk of mortality from co/secondary bacterial infection (Rice et al., 2012).”
From Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics (2017) · cites this paper as Rice et al., 2012
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Harris, P. A., Taylor, R., Thielke, R., Payne, J., Gonzalez, N., & Conde, J. G. (2009) · Journal of Biomedical Informatics · doi:10.1016/j.jbi.2008.08.010 · Cited by 51,384 · see citing works
A Modified Poisson Regression Approach to Prospective Studies with Binary Data
Zou, G. (2004) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/aje/kwh090 · Cited by 9,767 · see citing works
Liu, C., Bayer, A. S., Cosgrove, S. E., Daum, R. S., Fridkin, S. K., Gorwitz, R. J., Kaplan, S. L., Karchmer, A. W., Levine, D. P., Murray, B. E., et al. (2011) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciq146 · Cited by 4,211 · see citing works
Incidence and Outcomes of Acute Lung Injury
Rubenfeld, G. D., Caldwell, E., Peabody, E., Weaver, J., Martin, D. P., Neff, M., Stern, E. J., & Hudson, L. D. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa050333 · Cited by 3,684 · see citing works
Hospitalized patients with 2009 H1N1 influenza in the United States, April-June 2009
Jain, S., Kamimoto, L., Bramley, A. M., Schmitz, A. M., Benoit, S. R., Louie, J., Sugerman, D. E., Druckenmiller, J. K., Ritger, K. A., Chugh, R., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0906695 · Cited by 1,700 · see citing works
Self-citationLiu, C., Bayer, A., Cosgrove, S. E., Daum, R. S., Fridkin, S. K., Gorwitz, R. J., Kaplan, S. L., Karchmer, A. W., Levine, D. P., Murray, B. E., et al. (2011) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/cir034 · Cited by 1,599 · see citing works
Briel, M., Meade, M., Mercat, A., Brower, R. G., Talmor, D., Walter, S. D., Slutsky, A. S., Pullenayegum, E., Zhou, Q., Cook, D., et al. (2010) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2010.218 · Cited by 1,467 · see citing works
Critically Ill Patients With 2009 Influenza A(H1N1) Infection in Canada
Kumar, A. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1496 · Cited by 1,425 · see citing works
Meade, M. O., Cook, D. J., Guyatt, G. H., Slutsky, A. S., Arabi, Y. M., Cooper, D. J., Davies, A. R., Hand, L. E., Zhou, Q., Thabane, L., et al. (2008) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.299.6.637 · Cited by 1,370 · see citing works
Pneumonia and Respiratory Failure from Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) in Mexico
Perez-Padilla, R., de la Rosa-Zamboni, D., Ponce de Leon, S., Hernandez, M., Quiñones-Falconi, F., Bautista, E., Ramirez-Venegas, A., Rojas-Serrano, J., Ormsby, C. E., Corrales, A., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0904252 · Cited by 1,325 · see citing works
Clinical Aspects of Pandemic 2009 Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection
Writing Committee of the WHO Consultation on Clinical Aspects of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza (2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmra1000449 · Cited by 1,056 · see citing works
Louie, J. K. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1583 · Cited by 1,020 · see citing works
Critical Care Services and 2009 H1N1 Influenza in Australia and New Zealand
The ANZIC Influenza Investigators (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0908481 · Cited by 1,002 · see citing works
Critically Ill patients with 2009 influenza A(H1N1) in Mexico
Domínguez-Cherit, G. (2009) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1536 · Cited by 840 · see citing works
Lung Pathology in Fatal Novel Human Influenza A (H1N1) Infection
Mauad, T., Hajjar, L. A., Callegari, G. D., da Silva, L. F. F., Schout, D., Galas, F. R. B. G., Alves, V. A. F., Malheiros, D. M. A. C., Auler, J. O. C., Ferreira, A. F., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200909-1420oc · Cited by 547 · see citing works
Causes and Timing of Death in Patients With ARDS
Stapleton, R. D., Wang, B. M., Hudson, L. D., Rubenfeld, G. D., Caldwell, E., & Steinberg, K. P. (2005) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.128.2.525 · Cited by 475 · see citing works
Intensive care adult patients with severe respiratory failure caused by Influenza A (H1N1)v in Spain
Rello, J., Rodríguez, A. H., Ibañez, P., Socías, L., Cebrián, J., Marques, A., Guerrero, J. E., Ruiz‐Santana, S., Márquez, E., Nogal-Saez, F. D., et al. (2009) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc8044 · Cited by 441 · see citing works
2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1)
Shieh, W.-J., Blau, D. M., Denison, A. M., DeLeon-Carnes, M., Adem, P., Bhatnagar, J., Sumner, J., Liu, L., Patel, M., Batten, B., et al. (2010) · The American Journal of Pathology · doi:10.2353/ajpath.2010.100115 · Cited by 429 · see citing works
Self-citationDeaths from Bacterial Pneumonia during 1918–19 Influenza Pandemic
Brundage, J. F., & Shanks, G. D. (2008) · Emerging Infectious Diseases · doi:10.3201/eid1408.071313 · Cited by 384 · see citing works
Rapid-Test Sensitivity for Novel Swine-Origin Influenza A (H1N1) Virus in Humans
Faix, D. J., Sherman, S. S., & Waterman, S. H. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmc0904264 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Correlates of severe disease in patients with 2009 pandemic influenza (H1N1) virus infection
Zarychanski, R., Stuart, T. L., Kumar, A., Doucette, S. P., Elliott, L. J., Kettner, J., & Plummer, F. A. (2010) · Canadian Medical Association Journal · doi:10.1503/cmaj.091884 · Cited by 270 · see citing works
Severe pandemic 2009 H1N1 influenza disease due to pathogenic immune complexes
Monsalvo, A. C., Batalle, J. P., López, M. G., Krause, J. C., Klemenc, J. M., Hernandez, J. Z., Maskin, B. C., Bugna, J., Rubinstein, C. J., Aguilar, L., et al. (2010) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm.2262 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Pandemic 2009 Influenza A in Argentina: A Study of 337 Patients on Mechanical Ventilation
Estenssoro, E., Ríos, F. G., Apezteguía, C., Reina, R., Neira, J., Ceraso, D. H., Orlandi, C., Valentini, R., Tiribelli, N., Brizuela, M., et al. (2010) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/201001-0037oc · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Martín-Loeches, I., Sanchez-Corral, A., Diaz, E., Granada, R. M., Zaragoza, R., Villavicencio, C., Albaya, A., Cerdá, E., Catalán, R. M., Luque, P., et al. (2011) · Chest · doi:10.1378/chest.10-1396 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Risk Factors for Severe Illness with 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infection in China
Yu, H., Feng, Z., Uyeki, T. M., Liao, Q., Zhou, L., Feng, S., Ye, M., Xiang, N., Huai, Y., Yuan, Y., et al. (2011) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciq144 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationMiller, R. R., Markewitz, B. A., Rolfs, R. T., Brown, S. M., Dascomb, K. K., Grissom, C. K., Friedrichs, M. D., Mayer, J., Hirshberg, E. L., Conklin, J., et al. (2009) · CHEST Journal · doi:10.1378/chest.09-2517 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationFatalities Associated with the 2009 H1N1 Influenza A Virus in New York City
Lee, E. H., Wu, C., Lee, E. U., Stoute, A., Hanson, H., Cook, H. A., Nivin, B., Fine, A. D., Kerker, B. D., Harper, S. A., et al. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/652446 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Sudden Death in Young, Competitive Athletes Due to Blunt Trauma
Thomas, M., Haas, T. S., Doerer, J. J., Hodges, J. S., Aicher, B. O., Garberich, R. F., Mueller, F. O., Cantu, R. C., & Maron, B. J. (2011) · Pediatrics · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-2743 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Epidemiology of Sudden Death in Young, Competitive Athletes Due to Blunt Trauma
(2011) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2010-2743d · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Hanslik, T., Boëlle, P., & Flahault, A. (2010) · PLoS Currents · doi:10.1371/currents.rrn1150 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Influenza A pandemics: Clinical and organizational aspects: The experience in Chile
Ugarte, S., Arancibia, F., & Soto, R. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181c87716 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Update: influenza activity - United States, 2009-10 season.
(2010) · PubMed · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Adult intensive-care patients with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) infection
Fuhrman, C., Bonmarin, I., Bitar, D., Cardoso, T., Duport, N., Herida, M., Isnard, H., Guidet, B., Mimoz, O., Richard, J.-C., et al. (2010) · Epidemiology and Infection · doi:10.1017/s0950268810002414 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Early observational research and registries during the 2009–2010 influenza A pandemic
Fowler, R., Webb, S. A. R., Rowan, K., Sprung, C. L., Thompson, B., Randolph, A. G., Jouvet, P. A., Lapinsky, S. E., Rubinson, L., Rello, J., et al. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181d20c77 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Self-citationIwasenko, J. M., Cretikos, M. A., Paterson, D. L., Gibb, R., Webb, S. A. R., Smith, D. W., Blyth, C. C., Dwyer, D. E., Shi, J. Q., Robertson, P., et al. (2010) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1086/653610 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Novel findings from the second wave of adult pH1N1 in the United States*
Satterwhite, L. G., Mehta, A., & Martin, G. S. (2010) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0b013e3181eb96dc · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- [17]Randolph A Vaughn F Sullivan R Critically ill children with 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) virus infection in the United States Pediatrics 2011 In Press
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Alhazzani, W., Møller, M. H., Arabi, Y. M., Loeb, M., Gong, M. N., Fan, E., Oczkowski, S., Levy, M. M., Derde, L., Dzierba, A., et al. (2020) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-020-06022-5 · Cited by 2,105 · see citing works
Langford, B. J., So, M., Raybardhan, S., Leung, V., Westwood, D. J., MacFadden, D. R., Soucy, J.-P. R., & Daneman, N. (2020) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.07.016 · Cited by 1,589 · see citing works
Alhazzani, W. A., Møller, M. H., Arabi, Y. M., Loeb, M. B., Gong, M. N., Fan, E., Oczkowski, S. J. W., Levy, M. M., Derde, L. P. G., Dzierba, A. L., et al. (2020) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000004363 · Cited by 1,567 · see citing works
Uyeki, T. M., Bernstein, H. H., Bradley, J. S., Englund, J. A., File, T. M., Fry, A. M., Gravenstein, S., Hayden, F. G., Harper, S. A., Hirshon, J. M., et al. (2018) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciy866 · Cited by 820 · see citing works
Self-citationThe co-pathogenesis of influenza viruses with bacteria in the lung.
McCullers, J. A. (2014) · Nature Reviews Microbiology · doi:10.1038/nrmicro3231 · Cited by 722 · see citing works
Hughes, S., Troise, O., Donaldson, H., Mughal, N., & Moore, L. S. P. (2020) · Clinical Microbiology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.06.025 · Cited by 645 · see citing works
Secondary bacterial infections associated with influenza pandemics
Morris, D. E., Cleary, D. W., & Clarke, S. C. (2017) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.01041 · Cited by 576 · see citing works
Influenza virus-related critical illness: pathophysiology and epidemiology
Kalil, A. C., & Thomas, P. G. (2019) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-019-2539-x · Cited by 524 · see citing works
Bacterial Coinfection in Influenza: A Grand Rounds Review
Chertow, D. S., & Memoli, M. J. (2013) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2012.194139 · Cited by 390 · see citing works
Contou, D., Claudinon, A., Pajot, O., Micaëlo, M., Flandre, P. L., Dubert, M., Cally, R., Logre, E., Fraissé, M., Mentec, H., et al. (2020) · Annals of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s13613-020-00736-x · Cited by 324 · see citing works
MacIntyre, C. R., Chughtai, A. A., Barnes, M., Ridda, I., Seale, H., Toms, R., & Heywood, A. (2018) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-018-3548-0 · Cited by 323 · see citing works
Cao, B., Huang, Y. X., She, D., Cheng, Q., Fan, H. S., Tian, X., Xu, J., Zhang, J., Chen, Y., Shen, N., et al. (2017) · The Clinical Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1111/crj.12674 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
The spleen and sickle cell disease: the sick(led) spleen
Brousse, V. A. M., Buffet, P. A., & Rees, D. C. (2014) · British Journal of Haematology · doi:10.1111/bjh.12950 · Cited by 291 · see citing works
Bacterial co‐infections with SARS‐CoV ‐2
Mirzaei, R., Goodarzi, P., Asadi, M., Soltani, A., Aljanabi, H. A. A., Jeda, A. S., Dashtbin, S., Jalalifar, S., Mohammadzadeh, R., Teimoori, A., et al. (2020) · IUBMB Life · doi:10.1002/iub.2356 · Cited by 292 · see citing works
Influenza and Bacterial Superinfection: Illuminating the Immunologic Mechanisms of Disease
Rynda‐Apple, A., Robinson, K. M., & Alcorn, J. F. (2015) · Infection and Immunity · doi:10.1128/iai.00298-15 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Cathepsin L-selective inhibitors: A potentially promising treatment for COVID-19 patients
Liu, T., Luo, S., Libby, P., & Shi, G. (2020) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107587 · Cited by 273 · see citing works
Bacterial Coinfections in Coronavirus Disease 2019
Westblade, L. F., Simon, M. S., & Satlin, M. J. (2021) · Trends in Microbiology · doi:10.1016/j.tim.2021.03.018 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Increased incidence of co-infection in critically ill patients with influenza
Martín‐Loeches, I., Schultz, M. J., Vincent, J., Álvarez-Lerma, F., Bos, L. D. J., Solé‐Violán, J., Torres, A., & Rodríguez, A. H. (2016) · Intensive Care Medicine · doi:10.1007/s00134-016-4578-y · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Influenza virus-related critical illness: prevention, diagnosis, treatment
Chow, E. J., Doyle, J., & Uyeki, T. M. (2019) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-019-2491-9 · Cited by 208 · see citing works
Self-citationState-of-the-art review of secondary pulmonary infections in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia
Chong, W. H., Saha, B. K., Ramani, A., & Chopra, A. (2021) · Infection · doi:10.1007/s15010-021-01602-z · Cited by 174 · see citing works
Bacterial Complications of Respiratory Tract Viral Illness: A Comprehensive Evaluation
Falsey, A. R., Becker, K. L., Swinburne, A. J., Nylen, E. S., Formica, M. A., Hennessey, P. A., Criddle, M. M., Peterson, D. R., Baran, A., & Walsh, E. E. (2013) · Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jit190 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Treating influenza with statins and other immunomodulatory agents
Fedson, D. S. (2013) · Antiviral Research · doi:10.1016/j.antiviral.2013.06.018 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Adjuvant Corticosteroid Treatment in Adults With Influenza A (H7N9) Viral Pneumonia*
Cao, B., Gao, H., Zhou, B., Deng, X., Hu, C., Deng, C., Lu, H., Li, Y., Gan, J., Liu, J., et al. (2016) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000001616 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Epidemic and pandemic viral infections: impact on tuberculosis and the lung
Ong, C. W. M., Migliori, G. B., Raviglione, M. C., Macgregor-Skinner, G., Sotgiu, G., Alffenaar, J. C., Tiberi, S., Adlhoch, C., Alonzi, T., Archuleta, S., et al. (2020) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.01727-2020 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Co-infection in critically ill patients with COVID-19: an observational cohort study from England
Baskaran, V., Lawrence, H., Lansbury, L., Webb, K., Safavi, S., Zainudin, N. I., Huq, T., Eggleston, C., Ellis, J. P., Thakker, C. E., et al. (2021) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.001350 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Nickol, M. E., & Kindrachuk, J. (2019) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3750-8 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Beumer, M. C., Koch, R. M., Beuningen, D. V., Oudelashof, A. M., van de Veerdonk, F. L., Kolwijck, E., van der Hoeven, J. G., Bergmans, D. C. J. J., & Hoedemaekers, C. (2018) · Journal of Critical Care · doi:10.1016/j.jcrc.2018.11.013 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Rodríguez, A. H., Avilés‐Jurado, F. X., Díaz, E., Schüetz, P., Trefler, S., Solé‐Violán, J., Cordero, L., Vidaur, L., Estella, Á., Pozo, J. C., et al. (2015) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2015.11.007 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
The immunology of influenza virus-associated bacterial pneumonia.
Robinson, K. M., Kolls, J. K., & Alcorn, J. F. (2015) · Current Opinion in Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.coi.2015.02.002 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Outcomes of respiratory viral-bacterial co-infection in adult hospitalized patients
Liu, Y., Ling, L., Wong, S. H., Wang, M. H., Fitzgerald, J. R., Zou, X., Fang, S., Liu, X., Wang, X., Hu, W., et al. (2021) · EClinicalMedicine · doi:10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.100955 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Webber, D. M., Wallace, M. A., Burnham, C. D., & Anderson, N. W. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Microbiology · doi:10.1128/jcm.00343-20 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Karaba, S. M., Jones, G. F., Helsel, T., Smith, L., Avery, R. K., Dzintars, K., Salinas, A. B., Keller, S. C., Townsend, J., Klein, E. Y., et al. (2020) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa578 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Moorthy, A. N., Narasaraju, T., Rai, P., Perumalsamy, R., Tan, K. B., Wang, S., Engelward, B. P., & Chow, V. T. K. (2013) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2013.00056 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Manna, S., Baindara, P., & Mandal, S. M. (2020) · Journal of Infection and Public Health · doi:10.1016/j.jiph.2020.07.003 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Global Burden of Influenza as a Cause of Cardiopulmonary Morbidity and Mortality
Fischer, W. A., Gong, M. N., Bhagwanjee, S., & Sevransky, J. (2014) · Global Heart · doi:10.1016/j.gheart.2014.08.004 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Clinical outcomes and characteristics of patients hospitalized for Influenza or COVID-19 in Germany
Ludwig, M., Jacob, J., Basedow, F., Andersohn, F., & Walker, J. (2020) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.204 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Shah, N. S., Greenberg, J. A., McNulty, M., Gregg, K., Riddell, J., Mangino, J. E., Weber, D. M., Hebert, C. L., Marzec, N. S., Barron, M. A., et al. (2016) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2016.04.008 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Antimicrobial multidrug resistance in the era of COVID-19: a forgotten plight?
Pelfrene, E., Botgros, R., & Cavaleri, M. (2021) · Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control · doi:10.1186/s13756-021-00893-z · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Viral and Bacterial Co-Infections in the Lungs: Dangerous Liaisons
Oliva, J., & Terrier, O. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13091725 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Covid-19 induced superimposed bacterial infection
Hendaus, M. A., & Jomha, F. A. (2020) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2020.1772110 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Pfister, R., Kochanek, M., Leygeber, T., Brun‐Buisson, C., Cuquemelle, É., Machado, M. P., Piacentini, E. A., Hammond, N. E., Ingram, P. R., & Michels, G. (2014) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/cc13760 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Low, D. E. (2013) · Critical Care Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccc.2013.03.012 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Steel, H. C., Cockeran, R., Anderson, R., & Feldman, C. H. (2013) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/2013/490346 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Rouzé, A., Martín‐Loeches, I., Póvoa, P. M. S. R., Metzelard, M., du Cheyron, D., Lambiotte, F., Tamion, F., Labruyère, M., Geronimi, C. B., Nieszkowska, A., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.202101-0030oc · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Niehues, T., Bogdan, C., Hecht, J., Mertens, T., Wiese‐Posselt, M., & Zepp, F. (2017) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-017-2555-4 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Secondary Bacterial Infections in Critical Ill Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019
Fu, Y., Yang, Q., Xu, M., Kong, H., Chen, H., Fu, Y., Yao, Y., Zhou, H., & Zhou, J. (2020) · Open Forum Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/ofid/ofaa220 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Ramadan, H. K., Mahmoud, M. A., Aburahma, M. Z., Elkhawaga, A. A., El‐Mokhtar, M. A., Sayed, I. M., Hosni, A. M., Hassany, S. M., & Medhat, M. A. (2020) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s272605 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Nasir, N., Rehman, F., & Omair, S. F. (2021) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.27000 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Burrell, A. J. C., Pellegrini, B., Salimi, F., Begum, H., Broadley, T., Campbell, L. T., Cheng, A. C., Cheung, W., Cooper, D. J., Earnest, A., et al. (2020) · The Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja2.50883 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Laws, H.-J., Baumann, U., Bogdan, C., Burchard, G., Christopeit, M., Hecht, J., Heininger, U., Hilgendorf, I., Kern, W., Kling, K., et al. (2020) · Bundesgesundheitsblatt - Gesundheitsforschung - Gesundheitsschutz · doi:10.1007/s00103-020-03123-w · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Viral Pneumonia and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Shah, R. D., & Wunderink, R. G. (2016) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.013 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia in the Community
He, H., & Wunderink, R. G. (2020) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0040-1709992 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Cong, W., Poudel, A. N., Alhusein, N., Wang, H., Yao, G., & Lambert, H. (2021) · Antibiotics · doi:10.3390/antibiotics10060745 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Uyeki, T. M. (2017) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/aitc201709050 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Burden of Influenza-Associated Critical Illness Hospitalizations*
Ortiz, J. R., Neuzil, K. M., Shay, D. K., Rue, T. C., Neradilek, M. B., Zhou, H., Seymour, C. W., Hooper, L. G., Cheng, P., Goss, C. H., et al. (2014) · Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1097/ccm.0000000000000545 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Ku, Y.-H., Chan, K., Yang, C.-C., Tan, C., Chuang, Y.-C., & Yu, W. (2017) · Journal of the Formosan Medical Association · doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2017.06.002 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Tarabichi, Y., Li, K., Hu, S., Nguyen, C., Wang, X., Elashoff, D., Saira, K., Frank, B., Bihan, M., Ghedin, E., et al. (2015) · Microbiome · doi:10.1186/s40168-015-0133-2 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
What is the Role of Respiratory Viruses in Community-Acquired Pneumonia?
Pavia, A. T. (2012) · Infectious Disease Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.idc.2012.11.007 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Søgaard, K. K., Baettig, V., Osthoff, M. F., Marsch, S. C. U., Leuzinger, K., Schweitzer, M., Meier, J., Bassetti, S., Bingisser, R. M., Nickel, C. H., et al. (2021) · Journal of Intensive Care · doi:10.1186/s40560-021-00526-y · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Pediatric Sepsis Diagnosis, Management, and Sub-phenotypes
Weiss, S. L., & Fitzgerald, J. C. (2023) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2023-062967 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Inadequate use of antibiotics in the covid-19 era: effectiveness of antibiotic therapy
Estrada, A. D. B., Calderón‐Parra, J., Carracedo, E. F., Míguez, A. M., Ramos, A., Múñez, E., Rubio‐Rivas, M., de Blas, P. A., Arnalich, F., Pérez, V. E., et al. (2021) · BMC Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1186/s12879-021-06821-1 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Matthay, M. A., & Hendrickson, C. M. (2013) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0033-1351122 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Loubet, P., Voiriot, G., Houhou‐Fidouh, N., Neuville, M., Bouadma, L., Lescure, F.-X., Descamps, D., Timsit, J., Yazdanpanah, Y., & Visseaux, B. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2017.04.001 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
PASCALE, G. D., Maio, F. D., Carelli, S., Angelis, G. D., Cacaci, M., Montini, L. M., Bello, G., Cutuli, S. L., Pintaudi, G., Tanzarella, E. S., et al. (2021) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-021-03623-4 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Relationship between nasopharyngeal microbiota and patient’s susceptibility to viral infection
Dubourg, G., Edouard, S., & Raoult, D. (2019) · Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy · doi:10.1080/14787210.2019.1621168 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Prasso, J. E., & Deng, J. C. (2016) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2016.11.006 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Reddinger, R. M., Luke-Marshall, N. R., Hakansson, A. P., & Campagnari, A. A. (2016) · mBio · doi:10.1128/mbio.01235-16 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Bacterial pneumonia as an influenza complication
Martín‐Loeches, I., Gréve, F. V. S., & Schultz, M. J. (2016) · Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1097/qco.0000000000000347 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Santis, V. D., Corona, A., Vitale, D., Nencini, C., Potalivo, A., Prete, A., Zani, G., Malfatto, A., Tritapepe, L., Taddei, S., et al. (2021) · Infection · doi:10.1007/s15010-021-01661-2 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Multi-Drug Resistance Bacterial Infections in Critically Ill Patients Admitted with COVID-19
Pasero, D., Cossu, A. P., & Terragni, P. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9081773 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Clinical characteristics of children and adults hospitalized for influenza virus infection
Leung, C.-H., Tseng, H.-K., Wang, W., Chiang, H.-T., Wu, A. Y.-J., & Liu, C.-P. (2013) · Journal of Microbiology Immunology and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2013.06.002 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Okamoto, M., Tsukamoto, H., Kouwaki, T., Seya, T., & Oshiumi, H. (2017) · Viral Immunology · doi:10.1089/vim.2016.0178 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Influenza-associated aspergillosis in critically-ill patients—a retrospective bicentric cohort study
Waldeck, F., Boroli, F., Suh, N., Wendel‐Garcia, P. D., Flury, D., Notter, J., Iten, A., Kaiser, L., Schrenzel, J., Boggian, K., et al. (2020) · European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1007/s10096-020-03923-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Karataş, M., Yaşar, M., Tünger, A., Çilli, F., Aydemir, Ş., & Özenci, V. (2021) · Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials · doi:10.1186/s12941-021-00454-7 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Subramaniam, R., Barnes, P. F., Fletcher, K., Boggaram, V., Hillberry, Z., Neuenschwander, P. F., & Shams, H. (2013) · The Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/infdis/jit830 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Epidemiology, Co-Infections, and Outcomes of Viral Pneumonia in Adults
Crotty, M. P., Meyers, S., Hampton, N. B., Bledsoe, S., Ritchie, D. J., Buller, R. S., Storch, G. A., Micek, S. T., & Kollef, M. H. (2015) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000002332 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Severe influenza: overview in critically ill patients
Sarda, C., Palma, P., & Rello, J. (2019) · Current Opinion in Critical Care · doi:10.1097/mcc.0000000000000638 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Randolph, A. G., Xu, R., Novak, T., Newhams, M. M., Wardenburg, J. B., Weiss, S. L., Sanders, R. C., Thomas, N. J., Hall, M. W., Tarquinio, K. M., et al. (2018) · Clinical Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1093/cid/ciy495 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Self-citationRecent advances in our understanding of Streptococcus pneumoniae infection
Feldman, C. H., & Anderson, R. (2014) · F1000Prime Reports · doi:10.12703/p6-82 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Robinson, K. M., Ramanan, K., Clay, M. E., McHugh, K. J., Rich, H. E. A., & Alcorn, J. F. (2017) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/mi.2017.32 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Arranz-Herrero, J., Presa, J., Rius‐Rocabert, S., Utrero‐Rico, A., Arranz-Arija, J. Á., Lalueza, A., Escribese, M. M., Ochando, J., Soriano, V., & Nistal‐Villán, E. (2023) · International Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.003 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Rosado, M. M., Gesualdo, F., Marcellini, V., Sabatino, A. D., Corazza, G. R., Smacchia, M. P., Nobili, B., Baronci, C., Russo, L., Rossi, F., et al. (2013) · European Journal of Immunology · doi:10.1002/eji.201343577 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Choi, S., Huh, J. W., Hong, S., Lee, J. Y., Kim, S., Sung, H., Do, K., Lee, S., Kim, M., Jeong, J., et al. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Virology · doi:10.1016/j.jcv.2014.11.010 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Shepardson, K. M., Larson, K., Johns, L. L., Stanek, K., Cho, H., Wellham, J., Henderson, H., & Rynda‐Apple, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.02589 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Henry, B. M., Benoit, S. W., Vikse, J., Berger, B. A., Pulvino, C., Hoehn, J. M., Rose, J., de Oliveira, M. H. S., Lippi, G., & Benoit, J. L. (2020) · Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine (CCLM) · doi:10.1515/cclm-2020-1284 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Bahçe, Y. G., Acer, Ö., & Özüdoğru, O. (2022) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105409 · Cited by 52 · see citing works
Bacterial coinfection in influenza pneumonia: Rates, pathogens, and outcomes
Bartley, P., Deshpande, A., Yu, P.-C., Klompas, M., Haessler, S., Imrey, P. B., Zilberberg, M. D., & Rothberg, M. B. (2021) · Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology · doi:10.1017/ice.2021.96 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Langouët-Astrié, C. J., Oshima, K., McMurtry, S. A., Yang, Y., Kwiecinski, J. M., LaRivière, W. B., Kavanaugh, J. S., Zakharevich, I., Hansen, K. C., Shi, D., et al. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111721 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Li, Z., Chen, Z., Chen, L., Zhan, Y., Li, S., Cheng, J., Zhu, A., Chen, L., Zhong, N., Li, S.-Y., et al. (2020) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.26073 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Remington, L. T., & Sligl, W. (2014) · Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1097/mcp.0000000000000052 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Teng, F., Liu, X., Guo, S., Li, Z. Y., Ji, W., Zhang, F., & Zhu, X. (2018) · Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2018.10.014 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Analysis of the clinical characteristics of 77 COVID-19 deaths
Wang, K., Qiu, Z., Liu, J., Fan, T. T., Liu, C., Tian, P., Wang, Y., Ni, Z., Zhang, S., Luo, J., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-73136-7 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
IL-22-binding protein exacerbates influenza, bacterial super-infection
Abood, R. N., McHugh, K. J., Rich, H. E. A., Ortiz, M. A., Tobin, J. M., Ramanan, K., Robinson, K. M., Bomberger, J. M., Kolls, J. K., Manni, M. L., et al. (2019) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41385-019-0188-7 · Cited by 47 · see citing works
Plasma gelsolin improves lung host defense against pneumonia by enhancing macrophage NOS3 function
Yang, Z., Chiou, T. T.-Y., Stossel, T. P., & Kobzik, L. (2015) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00094.2015 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Polymicrobial community‐acquired pneumonia: An emerging entity
Cillóniz, C., Čivljak, R., Nicolini, A., & Torres, A. (2015) · Respirology · doi:10.1111/resp.12663 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Duggal, A., Pinto, R. L., Rubenfeld, G. D., & Fowler, R. (2016) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0155044 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Carbonell, R., Urgelés, S., Salgado, M., Rodríguez, A. H., Reyes, L. F., Fuentes, Y. V., Serrano-Mayorga, C. C., Cáceres, E. L., Bodí, M. A., Martín‐Loeches, I., et al. (2022) · Journal of Infection · doi:10.1016/j.jinf.2022.06.024 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Identification of Concurrent Bacterial Infection in Adult Patients with Dengue
See, K. C., Phua, J., Yip, H. S., Yeo, L. L. L., & Lim, T. K. (2013) · American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene · doi:10.4269/ajtmh.13-0197 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
Ishaqui, A. A., Khan, A. H., Sulaiman, S. A. S., Alsultan, M. T., Khan, I., & Naqvi, A. A. (2020) · Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1080/17476348.2020.1730180 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Crotty, M. P., Meyers, S., Hampton, N. B., Bledsoe, S., Ritchie, D. J., Buller, R. S., Storch, G. A., Kollef, M. H., & Micek, S. T. (2015) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-015-1120-5 · Cited by 43 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rice, T. W., Rubinson, L., Uyeki, T. M., Vaughn, F. L., John, B. B., Miller, R. R., Higgs, E., Randolph, A. G., Smoot, B. E., & Thompson, B. T.
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US)
- University of Utah (US)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Critical Care Medicine
- Published
- 2012-05
- Volume
- 40
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1487-1498
- ISSN
- 0090-3493 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3653183
- OpenAlex
- W1995615618
- Cited by
- 391
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 51 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 48 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 14.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Critical Care Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (n01hr56174-20-0-1, n01hr56179-17-0-1)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N01 HR 56179, K23HL081431, N01 HR056179, N01 HR056174)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Influenza Virus Research Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Pneumonia and Respiratory Infections
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Respiratory viral infections research
- Keywords
- bacterial co-infection, critical illness, ICU mortality, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, bacteremia, bacterial pneumonia, shock, mechanical ventilation, comorbidities, ICU length of stay, mortality risk factors, hospitalized adults
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Bacterial Infections, Female, Humans, Influenza, Human, Intensive Care Units, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Retrospective Studies, United States, Chi-Square Distribution, Critical Illness, Statistics, Nonparametric, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype, Young Adult, Pandemics, Coinfection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
