CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 91Indigenous Health, Education, and RightsChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentMental Health Treatment and Access

Diagnostic Prevalence Rates from Early to Mid-Adolescence among Indigenous Adolescents: First Results from a Longitudinal Study

Open access
Whitbeck, Les B., Yu, Mansoo, Johnson, Kurt D., Hoyt, Dan R., Walls, Melissa L.·2008·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/chi.0b013e3181799609PMC PMC2643437
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Objective Investigate change in prevalence rates for mental and substance abuse disorders between early and mid-adolescence among a cohort of indigenous adolescents. Method The data are from a lagged, sequential study of 651 indigenous adolescents from a single culture in the northern Midwest United States and Canada. At waves 1 (ages 10-12 years) and 4 (ages 13-15 years), one adult caretaker and one tribally enrolled adolescent completed a computer-assisted personal interview that included Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Revised assessment for 11 diagnoses. Multivariate analyses investigate effects of wave 1 adolescent diagnosis and wave 1 biological mother diagnosis (University of Michigan Composite International Diagnostic Interview) on wave 4 diagnostic outcomes. Results The findings show a increase in prevalence rates for substance abuse disorders and conduct disorders between ages 10 and 12 years and 13 and 15 years among indigenous adolescents, with these disorders affecting more than one fourth of the children. The rate of lifetime conduct disorder is about twice that expected in general population studies (23.4% versus 5%-10%), and the rate of lifetime substance abuse disorder (27.2%) is three times that reported in the 2004 National Survey on Drug Use and Health (9.4%) for individuals 12 years or older. Prevalence rates for any single mental or substance use disorder (44.8 lifetime) for the 13- to 15-year-olds are similar to the lifetime prevalence rates reported in the National Comorbidity Survey-Replication (46.4%) for individuals 18 years and older. Conclusions A mental health crisis exists on the indigenous reservations and reserves that participated in this study. Current service systems are overwhelmed and unable to meet the demands placed upon them.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/chi.0b013e3181799609

Cites

1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Maternal mental illness and SUD is correlated with offspring's substance use.

    “Maternal mental illness and SUD is correlated with offspring’s substance use [59].”

    From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [59]

    The Results (Substance use disorders; page not provided) report that maternal internalizing disorder was associated with nearly doubled odds of adolescent SUD. They do not report an association between maternal SUD and adolescent SUD; the Results (Externalizing disorders; page not provided) instead associate maternal SUD with adolescent externalizing disorders. The claim therefore supports the maternal mental-illness component but not the maternal-SUD component. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Early onset of substance use predicted subsequent and potentially higher rates of use.

    “Additionally, early onset of substance use predicted subsequent and potentially higher rates of use [58,59]”

    From Substance and Behavioral Addictions among American Indian and Alaska Native Populations (2022) · cites this paper as [59]

    The Results (Substance use disorders) report that adolescents with a substance use disorder at Wave 1 were 8.65 times more likely to meet disorder criteria at Wave 4, supporting the claim about subsequent problems. The paper measures substance use disorders rather than rates or amounts of substance use, so it does not establish that early onset predicted higher rates of use. (LLM, conf=0.85)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Research works printed but not linked: 33

  1. [1]Costello J Farmer E Angold A Psychiatric disorders among American Indian and White youth in Appalachia: The Great Smoky Mountains Study Am J Public Health 1997 87 827 832 9184514 PMC1381058
  2. [2]Beals J Piasecki J Nelson S Psychiatric disorder among American Indian adolescents: Prevalence in Northern Plains youth J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997 36 1252 1259 9291727
  3. [3]Shaffer D Fisher P Dulcan M The NIMH Diagnotic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-2): Description, acceptability, prevalences and performance in the MECA study J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996 35 865 877 8768346
  4. [4]Lewinshon PM Hops H Roberts SE Seeley JR Andrews JA Adolescent psychopathology, I: Prevalence and incidence of depression and other DSM-III disorders in high school students J Abnorm Psychol 1993 102 122 144 8436689
  5. [5]Whitbeck L Johnson K Hoyt D Walls M Prevalence and comorbidity of mental disorders among American Indian children in the northern Midwest J Adolesc Health 2006 39 427 434 16919807
  6. [6]Schwab-Stone M Fallon T Briggs M Reliability of diagnostic reporting for children aged 6–11 years: a test-retest study of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children-Revised Am J Psychiatry 1994 151 1048 1054 8010363
  7. [7]Shaffer D Schwab-Stone M Fisher P The Diagnostic Interview for Children-Revised Version (D(SC-R): I. Preparation, field testing, interrater reliability and acceptability J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1993 32 643 650 8496128
  8. [9]Schwab-Stone M Shaffer D Dulcan M Criterion validity of the NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children verion 2.3 (DISC-2.3) J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996 35 878 888 8768347
  9. [10]Shaffer D Fisher P Dulcan M The NIMH Diagnotic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-2): Description, acceptability, prevalences and performance in the MECA study J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1996 35 865 877 8768346
  10. [11]Bird H Gould M Staghezza B Aggregating data from multiple informants in child psychiatry epidemiological research J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1992 31 78 85 1537785
  11. [12]Jensen P Rubio-Stipec M Canino G Parent and child contributions to diagnosis of mental disorder: are both informants always necessary? J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999 38 1569 1579 10596258
  12. [15]Beals J Manson S Whitesell N Prevalence of DSM IV disorders and attendant help-seeking in 2 American Indian Reservation Populations Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005 62 99 108 15630077
  13. [16]Kessler R Bergland P Demler O Lifetime prevalence and age of onset distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005 62 593 602 15939837
  14. [17]Whitbeck L Hoyt D Johnson K Chen X Mental disorders among parents/caretakers of American Indian early adolescents in the northern Midwest Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2006 41 632 640 16779502 PMC2593415
  15. [18]Angold A Costello EJ Hill J Maugham B The epidemiology of disorders of conduct: Nosological issues and comorbidity Conduct disorders in childhood and adolescence 2001 Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 126 168
  16. [19]America Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision 2000 Washington, DC American Psychiatric Association
  17. [21]Kessler RC McGonagle KA Zhao S Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of DSM-III-R psychiatric disorders in the United States: Results from the National Comorbidity Study Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994 51 8 19 8279933
  18. [22]Kashini JH Beck NC Heoper EW Psychiatric disorders in a community sample of adolescents Am J Psychiatry 1987 144 584 589 3495187
  19. [23]Reinherz HZ Giaconia RM Lefkowitz ES Pakiz B Frost AK Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in a community population of older adolescents J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1993 32 367 377 8444767
  20. [24]American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Practice parameter for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with substance abuse disorders 2005 Accessed February 22, 2008 http://www.aacap.org/galleries/PracticeParameters/substanceUseDisorder.pdf 15908844
  21. [25]Angold A Costello EJ Goodyer IM The epidemiology of depression in children and adolescents The depressed child and adolescent 2001 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 143 178
  22. [26]Verhurst FC Silverman WK Treffers PD Community and epidemiological aspects of anxiety disorders in children Anxiety disorders in children and adolescents 2001 Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 273 292
  23. [27]Kandel DB Stages and pathways of drug involvement 2002 Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press
  24. [28]Harrington R Dubicka B Goodyer IM Natural history of mood disorders in children and adolescents The depressed child and adolescent 2001 2nd ed. Cambridge, UK Cambridge University Press 353 381
  25. [29]Kovacs M Akiskal HS Gatsonis C Childhood onset dysthymic disorder. Clinical features and prospective naturalistic outcome Arch Gen Psychiatry 1994 51 365 374 8179460
  26. [30]Harrington RC Fudge H Rutter M Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression: I. Psychiatric status Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990 47 465 473 2184797
  27. [31]Lewinsohn PM Rhode P Klein DN Natural course of adolescent major depressive disorder: I. Continuity into young adulthood J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1999 38 56 63 9893417
  28. [32]Rao U Ryan ND Birmaher B Unipolar depression in adolescence: Clinical outcome in adulthood J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995 34 566 578 7775352
  29. [33]Manson S Culture and major depression: Current changes in the diagnosis of mood disorders Cultural Psychiatry 1995 487 501 8545263
  30. [34]Manson S Shore J Boom J Kleinman A Good B The depressive experience in American Indian communities: A challenge for psychiatric theory and diagnoses Culture and Depression: Studies in the Anthropology and Cross-Cultural Psychiatry of Affect and Disorder 1985 Berkeley, CA University of California Press 331 368
  31. [36]May P Sandefur G Rindfuss R Cohen B Overview of alcohol abuse epidemiology for American Indian populations Changing Numbers, Changing Needs: American Indian Demography and Public Health 1996 Washington, DC National Academy Press 235 261 25121291
  32. [37]Whitbeck L Chen X Hoyt D Adams G Discrimination, historical loss, and enculturation: Culturally specific risk and resiliency factors for alcohol abuse among American Indians J Alcohol Stud 2004 65 409 418 15376814
  33. [38]Walls M Johnson K Whitbeck L Hoyt D Mental health and substance abuse services preferences among American Indian people of the northern Midwest Com Mental Health J 2006 42 521 535 PMC1705498 17143732

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Whitbeck, L. B., Yu, M., Johnson, K. D., Hoyt, D. R., & Walls, M. L.
Affiliations
University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
Corresponding author
Whitbeck, Les B.
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2008-08
Volume
47
Issue
8
Pages
890-900
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/chi.0b013e3181799609
PMC
PMC2643437
OpenAlex
W1964273507
Cited by
91
References
1
Citations by year
2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 10
FWCI
7.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • Lincoln (University of Nebraska) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA020299)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (MH 57110, R01MH057110, R01MH067281)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA 13580, R01DA013580)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Health › Indigenous Health, Education, and Rights
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
Keywords
Indigenous youth, substance use disorders, conduct disorder, mental illness, prevalence rates, longitudinal change, maternal mental health, Indian reservations, mental health services, comorbidities
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Mental Disorders, Child, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Humans, Indians, North American, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Prevalence, Substance-Related Disorders

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review