Cited by 160Gut microbiota and healthTryptophan and brain disordersGastrointestinal motility and disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 165 of the 165 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Gutted! Unraveling the Role of the Microbiome in Major Depressive Disorder

Open access

Bastiaanssen, Thomaz F. S., Cussotto, Sofia, Claesson, Marcus J., Clarke, Gerard, Dinan, Timothy G., Cryan, John F.·2020·Harvard Review of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000243PMC PMC7012351

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Microorganisms can be found in virtually any environment. In humans, the largest collection of microorganisms is found in the gut ecosystem. The adult gut microbiome consists of more genes than its human host and typically spans more than 60 genera from across the taxonomic tree. In addition, the gut contains the largest number of neurons in the body, after the brain. In recent years, it has become clear that the gut microbiome is in communication with the brain, through the gut–brain axis. A growing body of literature shows that the gut microbiome plays a shaping role in a variety of psychiatric disorders, including major depressive disorder (MDD). In this review, the interplay between the microbiome and MDD is discussed in three facets. First, we discuss factors that affect the onset/development of MDD that also greatly impinge on the composition of the gut microbiota—especially diet and stressful life events. We then examine the interplay between the microbiota and MDD. We examine evidence suggesting that the microbiota is altered in MDD, and we discuss why the microbiota should be considered during MDD treatment. Finally, we look toward the future and examine how the microbiota might become a therapeutic target for MDD. This review is intended to introduce those familiar with the neurological and psychiatric aspects of MDD to the microbiome and its potential role in the disorder. Although research is in its very early days, with much yet to be the understood, the microbiome is offering new avenues for developing potentially novel strategies for managing MDD.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000243

Cites

165 of 165 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

2 retracted

RETRACTED: Clinical and metabolic response to probiotic supplementation in patients with multiple sclerosis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Kouchaki, E., Tamtaji, O. R., Salami, M., Bahmani, F., Daneshvar Kakhaki, R., Akbari, E., Tajabadi-Ebrahimi, M., Jafari, P., & Asemi, Z. (2017) · Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2016.08.015 · Cited by 317
Retracted
RETRACTED ARTICLE: The effects of probiotics on mental health and hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in petrochemical workers
Mohammadi, A. A., Jazayeri, S., Khosravi‐Darani, K., Solati, Z., Mohammadpour, N., Asemi, Z., Adab, Z., Djalali, M., Tehrani‐Doost, M., Hosseini, M., et al. (2015) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1179/1476830515y.0000000023 · Cited by 241
Retracted
A human gut microbial gene catalogue established by metagenomic sequencing
MetaHIT Consortium, Qin, J., Li, R., Raes, J., Arumugam, M., Burgdorf, K. S., Manichanh, C., Nielsen, T., Pons, N., Levenez, F., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08821 · Cited by 11,624
Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
David, L. A., Maurice, C. F., Carmody, R. N., Gootenberg, D. B., Button, J. E., Wolfe, B. E., Ling, A. V., Devlin, A. S., Varma, Y., Fischbach, M. A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12820 · Cited by 10,100
A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes
Qin, J., Li, Y., Cai, Z., Li, S., Zhu, J., Zhang, F., Liang, S., Zhang, W., Guan, Y., Shen, D., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11450 · Cited by 6,762
Gut microbiome influences efficacy of PD-1-based immunotherapy against epithelial tumors
Routy, B., Le Chatelier, E., Derosa, L., Duong, C. P. M., Alou, M. T., Daillère, R., Fluckiger, A., Messaoudene, M., Rauber, C., Roberti, M. P., et al. (2018) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aan3706 · Cited by 5,671
Expert consensus document: The International Scientific Association for Probiotics and Prebiotics (ISAPP) consensus statement on the definition and scope of prebiotics
Gibson, G. R., Hutkins, R., Sanders, M. E., Prescott, S. L., Reimer, R. A., Salminen, S. J., Scott, K., Stanton, C., Swanson, K. S., Cani, P. D., et al. (2017) · Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology · doi:10.1038/nrgastro.2017.75 · Cited by 5,634
Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body
Sender, R., Fuchs, S., & Milo, R. (2016) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533 · Cited by 5,425
Inflamm‐aging: An Evolutionary Perspective on Immunosenescence
FRANCESCHI, C., BONAFÈ, M., VALENSIN, S., OLIVIERI, F., DE LUCA, M., OTTAVIANI, E., & DE BENEDICTIS, G. (2000) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06651.x · Cited by 5,358
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
Cryan, J. F., O'Riordan, K. J., Cowan, C. S. M., Sandhu, K. V., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Boehme, M., Codagnone, M. G., Cussotto, S., Fulling, C., Golubeva, A. V., et al. (2019) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00018.2018 · Cited by 5,286
Self-citation

Show all 165 references

Sorted by citations

The Role of Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric and Neurological Disorders
Socała, K., Doboszewska, U., Szopa, A., Serefko, A., Włodarczyk, M., Zielińska, A., Poleszak, E., Fichna, J., & Wlaź, P. (2021) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105840 · Cited by 857
Tryptophan Metabolism in Depression: A Narrative Review with a Focus on Serotonin and Kynurenine Pathways
Correia, A. S., & Vale, N. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23158493 · Cited by 392
Epigenetic regulation in major depression and other stress-related disorders: molecular mechanisms, clinical relevance and therapeutic potential
Yuan, M., Yang, B., Rothschild, G., Mann, J. J., Sanford, L. D., Tang, X., Huang, C., Wang, C., & Zhang, W. (2023) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-023-01519-z · Cited by 246
“423,424 Hence, investigating the effects of the combination of the gut microbiome and epigenetic modi ﬁ cation could potentially shed light on the underlying mechanisms of depression.”
Background
When Rhythms Meet the Blues: Circadian Interactions with the Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
Teichman, E. M., O’Riordan, K. J., Gahan, C. G. M., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2020) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2020.02.008 · Cited by 199
Self-citation
The impact of acute and chronic stress on gastrointestinal physiology and function: a microbiota–gut–brain axis perspective
Leigh, S., Uhlig, F., Wilmes, L., Sánchez-Díaz, P., Gheorghe, C. E., Goodson, M. S., Kelley‐Loughnane, N., Hyland, N. P., Cryan, J. F., & Clarke, G. A. (2023) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp281951 · Cited by 201
Self-citation
Bacterial Metabolites of Human Gut Microbiota Correlating with Depression
Averina, O. V., Zorkina, Y., Yunes, R. А., Kovtun, A. S., Ushakova, V. M., Morozova, A. Y., Kostyuk, G. P., Даниленко, В. Н., & Chekhonin, V. P. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21239234 · Cited by 171
Toward a Deeper Understanding of Gut Microbiome in Depression: The Promise of Clinical Applicability
Liu, L., Wang, H., Zhang, H., Chen, X., Zhang, Y., Wu, J. Y., Zhao, L., Wang, D., Pu, J., Ji, P., et al. (2022) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.202203707 · Cited by 162
Neuroinflammation—A Crucial Factor in the Pathophysiology of Depression—A Comprehensive Review
Sălcudean, A., Bodo, C.-R., Popovici, R. A., Lica, M. M., Păcurar, M., Crăciun, R.-E., Crișan, A., ENĂTESCU, V. R., Marinescu, I. P., Cîmpian, D. M., et al. (2025) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom15040502 · Cited by 179
Overlapping Mechanisms of Action of Brain-Active Bacteria and Bacterial Metabolites in the Pathogenesis of Common Brain Diseases
Eicher, T. P., & Mohajeri, M. H. (2022) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu14132661 · Cited by 151
Inflammation, Lifestyle Factors, and the Microbiome‐Gut‐Brain Axis: Relevance to Depression and Antidepressant Action
Donoso, F., Cryan, J. F., Olavarría‐Ramírez, L., Nolan, Y. M., & Clarke, G. A. (2022) · Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1002/cpt.2581 · Cited by 155
Self-citation
Role of the gut microbiome in three major psychiatric disorders
Borkent, J., Ioannou, M., Laman, J. D., Haarman, B. C. M., & Sommer, I. E. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722000897 · Cited by 139
Effects of Lactobacillus plantarum PS128 on Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Quality in Self-Reported Insomniacs: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Pilot Trial
Ho, Y., Tsai, Y.-C., Kuo, T. B. J., & Yang, C. C. H. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13082820 · Cited by 138
Gut microbiota composition is associated with newborn functional brain connectivity and behavioral temperament
Kelsey, C. M., Prescott, S., McCulloch, J. A., Trinchieri, G., Valladares, T. L., Dreisbach, C., Alhusen, J., & Grossmann, T. (2021) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2020.11.003 · Cited by 116
Toward a Symbiotic Perspective on Public Health: Recognizing the Ambivalence of Microbes in the Anthropocene
Sariola, S., & Gilbert, S. F. (2020) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms8050746 · Cited by 97
Gut microbiota variations in patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder—A systematic review
Knudsen, J. K., Bundgaard‐Nielsen, C., Hjerrild, S., Nielsen, R. E., Leutscher, P., & Sørensen, S. (2021) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.2177 · Cited by 96
Common mental disorders in irritable bowel syndrome: pathophysiology, management, and considerations for future randomised controlled trials
Staudacher, H. M., Mikocka‐Walus, A. A., & Ford, A. C. (2021) · The Lancet. Gastroenterology & hepatology · doi:10.1016/s2468-1253(20)30363-0 · Cited by 96
Glymphatic Dysfunction Induced Oxidative Stress and Neuro-Inflammation in Major Depression Disorders
Gu, S., Li, Y., Jiang, Y., Huang, J. H., & Wang, F. (2022) · Antioxidants · doi:10.3390/antiox11112296 · Cited by 98
Polyphenols selectively reverse early-life stress-induced behavioural, neurochemical and microbiota changes in the rat
Donoso, F., Egerton, S., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Fitzgerald, P., Gite, S., Fouhy, F., Ross, R. P., Stanton, C., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.104673 · Cited by 92
Self-citation
Volatility as a Concept to Understand the Impact of Stress on the Microbiome
Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Gururajan, A., van de Wouw, M., Moloney, G. M., Ritz, N. L., Long-Smith, C. M., Wiley, N., Murphy, A., Lyte, J. M., Fouhy, F., et al. (2020) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2020.105047 · Cited by 93
Self-citation
The impact of chronic stress on energy metabolism
van der Kooij, M. A. (2020) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2020.103525 · Cited by 92
Effects of a Psychobiotic Supplement on Serum Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor Levels in Depressive Patients: A Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial
Rad, N. H., Gökmen-Özel, H., Kazemi, A., Almasi, N., & Djafarian, K. (2020) · Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility · doi:10.5056/jnm20079 · Cited by 97
Gut microbiota and major depressive disorder: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization
Chen, M., Xie, C.-R., Shi, Y., Tang, T., & Zheng, H. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.08.012 · Cited by 83
The effects of psychobiotics on the microbiota-gut-brain axis in early-life stress and neuropsychiatric disorders
Tremblay, A., Lingrand, L., Maillard, M., Feuz, B., & Tompkins, T. A. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110142 · Cited by 85
Gut-brain axis: A matter of concern in neuropsychiatric disorders…!
Naveed, M., Zhou, Q.-G., Chu, X., Taleb, A., Meng, F. J., Ahmed, B., Zhang, Y., Fukunaga, K., & Han, F. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110051 · Cited by 82
An Anti-Inflammatory Diet and Its Potential Benefit for Individuals with Mental Disorders and Neurodegenerative Diseases—A Narrative Review
van Zonneveld, S. M., van den Oever, E. J., Haarman, B. C. M., Grandjean, E. L., Nuninga, J. O., van de Rest, O., & Sommer, I. E. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16162646 · Cited by 88
Multi-strain Probiotic Formulation Reverses Maternal Separation and Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress-Generated Anxiety- and Depression-like Phenotypes by Modulating Gut Microbiome–Brain Activity in Rats
Dandekar, M. P., Palepu, M. S. K., Satti, S., Jaiswal, Y., Singh, A. A., Dash, S. P., Gajula, S. N. R., & Sonti, R. (2022) · ACS Chemical Neuroscience · doi:10.1021/acschemneuro.2c00143 · Cited by 75
Algae-derived bioactive molecules for the potential treatment of SARS-CoV-2
Alam, M. A., Parra-Saldivar, R., Bilal, M., Afroze, C. A., Ahmed, M. N., Iqbal, H. M. N., & Xu, J. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26082134 · Cited by 69
Folate and Its Significance in Depressive Disorders and Suicidality: A Comprehensive Narrative Review
Liwinski, T., & Lang, U. E. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15173859 · Cited by 77
Investigating the relationship between depression and breast cancer: observational and genetic analyses
Wu, X., Zhang, W., Zhao, X., Zhang, L., Xu, M., Hao, Y., Xiao, J., Zhang, B., Li, J., Kraft, P. L., et al. (2023) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12916-023-02876-w · Cited by 62
Gut Microbiota and Neuroplasticity
Murciano-Brea, J., García-Montes, M. E., Geuna, S., & Herrera‐Rincon, C. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10082084 · Cited by 59
Gut Microbiota Associated With Effectiveness And Responsiveness to Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy in Improving Trait Anxiety
Wang, Z., xu, X., liu, S., Xiao, Y., Yang, M., zhao, X., Jin, C., Hu, F., Yang, S., Tang, B., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2022.719829 · Cited by 57
Influence of Short-Term Consumption of Hericium erinaceus on Serum Biochemical Markers and the Changes of the Gut Microbiota: A Pilot Study
Xiao-qian, X., Geng, Y., Guan, Q., Ren, Y., Guo, L., Lv, Q., Lu, Z., Shi, J., & Xu, Z. (2021) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu13031008 · Cited by 56
Differences in Gut Microbiome Composition between Senior Orienteering Athletes and Community-Dwelling Older Adults
Fart, F., Rajan, S., Wall, R., Rangel, I., Mall, J. G., Tingö, L., Brummer, R. J., Repsilber, D., Schoultz, I., & Lindqvist, C. M. (2020) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu12092610 · Cited by 55
Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome impairs mouse skeletal muscle adaptation to exercise
Valentino, T. R., Vechetti, I. J., Mobley, C. B., Dungan, C. M., Golden, L. R., Goh, J. Z., & McCarthy, J. J. (2021) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp281788 · Cited by 53
Gut Microbiota and Pathophysiology of Depressive Disorder
Kunugi, H. (2021) · Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism · doi:10.1159/000518274 · Cited by 53
The Role of the Gut Microbiome in Psychiatric Disorders
Andrioaie, I.-M., Duhaniuc, A., Năstase, E. V., Iancu, L. S., Luncă, C., Trofin, F., Anton-Păduraru, D.-T., & Dorneanu, O. (2022) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms10122436 · Cited by 49
Unraveling the Microbial Mechanisms Underlying the Psychobiotic Potential of a Bifidobacterium breve Strain
Tian, P., Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Song, L., Jiang, B., Zhang, X., Zhao, J., Zhang, H., Chen, W., Cryan, J. F., & Wang, G. (2021) · Molecular Nutrition & Food Research · doi:10.1002/mnfr.202000704 · Cited by 45
Self-citation
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum as a promising adjuvant for neurological disorders therapy through the brain-gut axis and related action pathways
Luiz, J. D., Manassi, C. F., Magnani, M., da Cruz, A. G., Pimentel, T. C., & Verruck, S. (2023) · Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition · doi:10.1080/10408398.2023.2280247 · Cited by 42
Host genetics influences the relationship between the gut microbiome and psychiatric disorders
Martins‐Silva, T., Salatino‐Oliveira, A., Genro, J. P., Meyer, F. D. T., Li, Y., Rohde, L. A., Hutz, M. H., & Tovo‐Rodrigues, L. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110153 · Cited by 41
Leveraging the microbiome to understand clinical heterogeneity in depression: findings from the T-RAD study
Fatt, C. C., Asbury, S., Jha, M. K., Minhajuddin, A., Sethuram, S., Mayes, T. L., Kennedy, S. H., Foster, J. A., & Trivedi, M. H. (2023) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41398-023-02416-3 · Cited by 41
The bidirectional interaction between antidepressants and the gut microbiota: are there implications for treatment response?
Borgiani, G., Possidente, C., Fabbri, C., Oliva, V., Bloemendaal, M., Vásquez, A. A., Dinan, T. G., Vieta, E., Menchetti, M., Ronchi, D. D., et al. (2024) · International Clinical Psychopharmacology · doi:10.1097/yic.0000000000000533 · Cited by 46
Self-citation
The Complex Molecular Picture of Gut and Oral Microbiota–Brain-Depression System: What We Know and What We Need to Know
Scassellati, C., Marizzoni, M., Cattane, N., Lopizzo, N., Mombelli, E., Riva, M. A., & Cattaneo, A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.722335 · Cited by 40
The Way to a Human’s Brain Goes Through Their Stomach: Dietary Factors in Major Depressive Disorder
Aly, J. S., & Engmann, O. (2020) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2020.582853 · Cited by 36
Neoagaro-Oligosaccharides Ameliorate Chronic Restraint Stress-Induced Depression by Increasing 5-HT and BDNF in the Brain and Remodeling the Gut Microbiota of Mice
Zhuang, Y., Zeng, R., Liu, X., Yang, L., & Chan, Z. (2022) · Marine Drugs · doi:10.3390/md20110725 · Cited by 32
Gut microbiota and gut tissue metabolites involved in development and prevention of depression
Yu, M., Jia, H., Qin, L.-L., & Zou, Z. (2021) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2021.10.016 · Cited by 31
Altered Fecal Microbiota Correlated With Systemic Inflammation in Male Subjects With Methamphetamine Use Disorder
Deng, D., Su, H., Song, Y., Chen, T., Sun, Q., Jiang, H., & Zhao, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.783917 · Cited by 32
Human Gut Microbiota and Mental Health: Advancements and Challenges in Microbe-Based Therapeutic Interventions
Verma, H., Phian, S., Lakra, P., Kaur, J., Subudhi, S., Lal, R., & Rawat, C. D. (2020) · Indian Journal of Microbiology · doi:10.1007/s12088-020-00898-z · Cited by 35
Possible use of fermented foods in rehabilitation of anorexia nervosa: the gut microbiota as a modulator
Rocks, T., West, M. L., Hockey, M., Aslam, H., Lane, M. M., Loughman, A., Jacka, F. N., & Ruusunen, A. A. (2020) · Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.pnpbp.2020.110201 · Cited by 30
Astrocyte-derived lactate in stress disorders
Chamaa, F., Magistretti, P. J., & Fiumelli, H. (2024) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106417 · Cited by 31
Gut-brain axis: altered microbiome and depression – review
Mohan, A., Godugu, S., Joshi, S., Shah, K. B., Vanka, S. C., Shakil, H., Dhanush, P., Veliginti, S., Sure, P. S., & Goranti, J. (2023) · Annals of Medicine and Surgery · doi:10.1097/ms9.0000000000000573 · Cited by 28
Probiotics for adults with major depressive disorder compared with antidepressants: a systematic review and network meta-analysis
Zhao, S., Liang, S., Tao, J., Ye, P., Chen, S., Wai, H. K.-F., Chung, F.-Y., Sin, Z. Y., Wong, M. K. L., Haqq, A. M., et al. (2023) · Nutrition Reviews · doi:10.1093/nutrit/nuad171 · Cited by 28
Inverse association between dietary fiber intake and depression in premenopausal women: a nationwide population-based survey
Kim, Y., Hong, M., Kim, S., Shin, W.-Y., & Kim, J. (2020) · Menopause The Journal of The North American Menopause Society · doi:10.1097/gme.0000000000001711 · Cited by 25
Hyperbaric oxygen improves depression‐like behaviors in chronic stress model mice by remodeling gut microbiota and regulating host metabolism
Zhang, B., Dong, W., Ma, Z., Duan, S., Han, R., Zhou, L., Liu, X., & Mao, Y. (2022) · CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/cns.13999 · Cited by 24
A Microbiome-Driven Approach to Combating Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Ghannoum, M. A., Ford, M., Bonomo, R. A., Gamal, A., & McCormick, T. S. (2021) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2021.672390 · Cited by 24
Stress and the Role of the Gut–Brain Axis in the Pathogenesis of Schizophrenia: A Literature Review
Vafadari, B. (2021) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms22189747 · Cited by 25
Gut microbiome and daytime function in Chinese patients with major depressive disorder
Zhang, Q., Yun, Y., An, H., Zhao, W., Ma, T., Wang, Z., & Yang, F. (2022) · Journal of Psychosomatic Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychores.2022.110787 · Cited by 24
Metabarcoding analysis of gut microbiota of healthy individuals reveals impact of probiotic and maltodextrin consumption
Calgaro, M., Pandolfo, M., Salvetti, E., Marotta, A., Larini, I., Pane, M., Amoruso, A., Casale, A. D., Vitulo, N., Fiorio, M., et al. (2021) · Beneficial Microbes · doi:10.3920/bm2020.0137 · Cited by 22
Depression in Individuals Coinfected with HIV and HCV Is Associated with Systematic Differences in the Gut Microbiome and Metabolome
Taylor, B. C., Weldon, K. C., Ellis, R. J., Franklin, D., Groth, T., Gentry, E. C., Tripathi, A., McDonald, D. T., Humphrey, G., Bryant, M., et al. (2020) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00465-20 · Cited by 22
Does the gut microbiome mediate antipsychotic-induced metabolic side effects in schizophrenia?
Vasileva, S. S., Tucker, J., Siskind, D. J., & Eyles, D. W. (2022) · Expert Opinion on Drug Safety · doi:10.1080/14740338.2022.2042251 · Cited by 20
Role of microbes in the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders
Goswami, A., Wendt, F. R., Pathak, G. A., Tylee, D. S., Angelis, F. D., Lillo, A. D., & Polimanti, R. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.yfrne.2021.100917 · Cited by 21
Associations Between the Gut Microbiota and Internalizing Behaviors in Preschool Children
van de Wouw, M., Wang, Y., Workentine, M. L., Vaghef‐Mehrabany, E., Dewey, D., Reimer, R. A., Tomfohr‐Madsen, L. M., & Giesbrecht, G. F. (2021) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0000000000001026 · Cited by 23
Fecal microbiota in pediatric depression and its relation to bowel habits
Zhou, Y., Zhang, X., Pan, L., Zhang, W.-W., Chen, F., Hu, S., & Jiang, H. (2022) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.03.037 · Cited by 20
The Holobiont Blindspot: Relating Host-Microbiome Interactions to Cognitive Biases and the Concept of the “Umwelt”
Robinson, J. M., & Cameron, R. W. F. (2020) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.591071 · Cited by 19
The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Mental Health and Medication Response: Parsing Directionality and Causality
Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., & Cryan, J. F. (2021) · The International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1093/ijnp/pyaa088 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Effects of Electroacupuncture on Gut Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites in Rats with Poststroke Depression
Cai, W., Wei, X.-F., Chen, H., Ji, J., Cui, H. S., & Shen, W.-D. (2023) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s415098 · Cited by 16
Selective breeding of rats for high (HAB) and low (LAB) anxiety-related behaviour: A unique model for comorbid depression and social dysfunctions
Gryksa, K., Schmidtner, A. K., Masís-Calvo, M., Rodríguez‐Villagra, O. A., Havasi, A., Wirobski, G., Maloumby, R., Jägle, H., Bosch, O. J., Slattery, D. A., et al. (2023) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105292 · Cited by 20
The role of probiotics in modulation of the gut-brain axis: a prospective therapy for depression and mood disorders
Wang, H., Chen, Y., Zhao, A., Shen, Z., & Zhang, Y. (2026) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2025.1709060 · Cited by 18
Young gut microbiota transplantation improves the metabolic health of old mice
Xie, J., Kim, T., Liu, Z., Panier, H. A., Bokoliya, S. C., Xu, M., & Zhou, Y. (2025) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.01601-24 · Cited by 13
Specific Changes in the Mammalian Gut Microbiome as a Biomarker for Oxytocin-Induced Behavioral Changes
Dangoor, I., Stanić, D., Reshef, L., Pešić, V., & Gophna, U. (2021) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms9091938 · Cited by 11
Milk Fat Globule Membranes for Mental Health across the Human Lifespan
Slykerman, R. F., Davies, N., Fuad, M., & Dekker, J. (2024) · Foods · doi:10.3390/foods13111631 · Cited by 12
The Gut Microbiota Is Altered in Antidepressant‐Free Depressed Patients and Is Associated With Depression Severity
Cussotto, S., Colle, R., Voican, C. S., Ciocan, D. M., Trainel, N., Bottemanne, H., Pelloux, Y., David, D. J. P., Cassard, A., Perlemuter, G., et al. (2025) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.70173 · Cited by 13
Self-citation
Eixo intestino-cérebro: relação entre a microbiota intestinal e desordens mentais
Tonini, I. G. D. O., Vaz, D. S. S., & Mazur, C. E. (2020) · Research Society and Development · doi:10.33448/rsd-v9i7.4303 · Cited by 10
Gut microbiome in atypical depression
Busch, A., Roy, S., Helbing, D. L., Čolić, L., Opel, N., Besteher, B., Walter, M., Bauer, M. W., & Refisch, A. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.060 · Cited by 10
Stress-induced mucin 13 reductions drive intestinal microbiome shifts and despair behaviors
Rivet-Noor, C. R., Merchak, A. R., Render, C., Gay, N. M., Beiter, R. M., Brown, R. M., Keeler, A. B., Moreau, G. B., Li, S., Olgun, D. G., et al. (2024) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2024.03.028 · Cited by 9
Effect of dietary live microbe intake on the prevalence and mortality risks of depression and suicidal ideation in adults: Evidence from a nationwide population-based study
Chen, M., Huang, H., Jiang, Q., & Wu, Y. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.09.127 · Cited by 9
Multimedia: multimodal mediation analysis of microbiome data
Jiang, H., Miao, X., Thairu, M. W., Beebe, M., Grupe, D. W., Davidson, R. J., Handelsman, J., & Sankaran, K. (2024) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.01131-24 · Cited by 8
Microbiome: A Key Regulator of Body-Brain Interactions
O’Riordan, K. J., Aburto, M. R., Nagpal, J. K., Clarke, G. A., & Cryan, J. F. (2025) · Advances in experimental medicine and biology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-89525-8_6 · Cited by 9
Self-citation
Translational bioinformatics and data science for biomarker discovery in mental health: an analytical review
Bhuvaneshwar, K., & Gusev, Y. (2024) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbae098 · Cited by 11
Effects of aqueous fluoxetine exposure on gut microbiome of adult Pimephales promelas
Weber, A., Xie, Y., Challis, J. K., DeBofsky, A., Ankley, P. J., Hecker, M., Jones, P. D., & Giesy, J. P. (2021) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152422 · Cited by 8
Deep learning-based differential gut flora for prediction of Parkinson’s
Yu, B., Zhang, H., & Zhang, M. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0310005 · Cited by 7
Short-term effects of etifoxine on human gut microbiome in healthy men
Manook, A., Baghai, T. C., Riebel, M., Nothdurfter, C., Schwarzbach, J. V., Gessner, A., Rupprecht, R., & Hiergeist, A. (2023) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2023.1188847 · Cited by 7
Human Intestinal Microbiome and the Immune System: The Role of Probiotics in Shaping an Immune System Unsusceptible to COVID-19 Infection
Белкина, Т. В., Averina, O. V., Savenkova, E. V., & Даниленко, В. Н. (2021) · Biology Bulletin Reviews · doi:10.1134/s2079086421040034 · Cited by 7
Inflammatory Cytokines, but Not Dietary Patterns, Are Related to Somatic Symptoms of Depression in a Sample of Women
Hazeltine, D. B., Polokowski, A. R., & Reigada, L. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.822466 · Cited by 6
The Gut Microbiome, Mental Health, and Cognitive and Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Scoping Review
Harding, S., & Bishop, J. (2022) · The Journal for Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2022.04.019 · Cited by 6
Joint association of dietary live microbe intake and depression with cancer survivor in US adults: evidence from NHANES
Jin, D., Lv, T., Zhang, C.-Y., & Hu, Y. (2025) · BMC Cancer · doi:10.1186/s12885-025-13699-8 · Cited by 6
Increased Inflammation and Treatment of Depression: From Resistance to Reuse, Repurposing, and Redesign
Felger, J. C. (2023) · Advances in neurobiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-21054-9_16 · Cited by 6
In Need of a Quorum: From Microbes to Mood Via the Immune System
Cruz-Pereira, J. S., & Cryan, J. F. (2020) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2020.20081182 · Cited by 6
Self-citation
Enteric Dysbiosis in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder and Associated Response to Stress
Cavanaugh, G., Bai, J., Tartar, J. L., Lin, J., Nunn, T., Sangwan, N., Patel, D., Stanis, S., Patel, R. K., Rrukiqi, D., et al. (2024) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.53305 · Cited by 5
Gut Microbes: The Gut Brain Connection
Lynch, C. M. K., O’Riordan, K. J., Clarke, G. A., & Cryan, J. F. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-46712-7_4 · Cited by 5
Self-citation
The gut microbiota regulates the depressive-type behaviors and inflammatory processes after severe burn injuries in mice
Chen, L., Xie, L., Tan, J., Li, N., Luo, Y., Li, M., Shi, Z., & Wang, Z. (2024) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25617 · Cited by 5
Gut Microbiota and Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review of Mechanistic Links, Evidence from Human and Preclinical Studies, and Therapeutic Prospects
Eghdami, S., Saeidi, M., Gunturu, S., Boroon, M., & Shalbafan, M. (2025) · Life · doi:10.3390/life15101585 · Cited by 4
Investigating Chronic Toxicity, Diet, Patient-Reported Outcomes and the Microbiome in Immunotherapy-Treated Metastatic Melanoma Survivors: A New Frontier
Robert, M., Saha, S., Dizman, N., Rohlfs, M. L., Sirmans, E., Simon, J. M., Amaria, R., Oliva, I. C. G., Tawbi, H. A., Davies, M. A., et al. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu18010040 · Cited by 3
Integrative multi-kingdom gut microbiome analysis uncovers clinical signatures of major depressive disorder
Chen, S., Zhu, B., Lu, X., Huang, Y., Wang, S., Wang, W., Chen, G., Wu, X., Zhou, J., Wu, F., et al. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.121858 · Cited by 5
Microbiome in Anxiety and Other Psychiatric Disorders
Spivak, N. M., Haroon, J. M., Swenson, A. L., Turnbull, S. A., Dang, N. H., Ganeles, M., Price, C. M., Distler, M. G., Nurmi, E. L., Lavretsky, H., et al. (2022) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2022.08.010 · Cited by 4
The Influence of the Microbiota on Brain Structure and Function: Implications for Stress-Related Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Sterrett, J. D., Andersen, N. D., & Lowry, C. A. (2022) · Progress in inflammation research · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-91051-8_10 · Cited by 4
Revealing the impact of gut microbiota-derived metabolites on depression through network pharmacology
Su, S., Tengarile, A., Ruhan, A., Wu, R., Wei, L., Ta, L., Huo, W., Tong, L., Zhang, J., Hu, R., et al. (2025) · Artificial Cells Nanomedicine and Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/21691401.2025.2531752 · Cited by 3
Bidirectional relations between the maternal and infant gut microbiome and behavior
Kelsey, C. M., Moulder, R. G., Jr., Yancey, H., Prescott, S. M., McCulloch, J. A., Trinchieri, G., Dreisbach, C., Alhusen, J. L., & Großmann, T. (2025) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-025-04630-9 · Cited by 4
A taxon-centered review of bacterial shifts in psychiatric disorders
Papacocea, R.-I., & Ciobanu, A. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1702172 · Cited by 4
The latest research on risk factors and pathomechanisms of depression – review
Kozyra, M., Nowińska, M., Klas, J., Pytka, M., & Łopuszańska, U. (2020) · Journal of Education Health and Sport · doi:10.12775/jehs.2020.10.11.005 · Cited by 3
MODULAÇÃO DA MICROBIOTA INTESTINAL POR PROBIÓTICOS COMO ALTERNATIVA PARA O TRATAMENTO DA DEPRESSÃO: UMA REVISÃO BIBLIOGRÁFICA
Gomes, F. D. O., Santos, L. C., & Welter, Á. (2020) · Singular Saúde e Biológicas · doi:10.33911/singularsb.v1i1.83 · Cited by 3

Authors: Bastiaanssen, T. F. S., Cussotto, S., Claesson, M. J., Clarke, G., Dinan, T. G., & Cryan, J. F.
Affiliations: University College Cork (IE)
Corresponding author: Bastiaanssen, Thomaz F. S.
Cussotto, Sofia
ORCID: Bastiaanssen, Thomaz F. S.
Cussotto, Sofia
Claesson, Marcus J.
Clarke, Gerard
Dinan, Timothy G.
Cryan, John F.
Venue: Harvard Review of Psychiatry
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2020-01
Volume: 28
Issue: 1
Pages: 26-39
ISSN: 1067-3229 (ISSN-L)
1465-7309
DOI: 10.1097/hrp.0000000000000243
PMC: PMC7012351
OpenAlex: W3000033244
Cited by: 159
References: 165
Citations by year: 2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 25
FWCI: 2.54
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Harvard Review of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Science Foundation Ireland (SFI/12/RC/, 12/RC/2273, 12/RC/, SFI/12/RC/2273.)
APC Microbiome Institute (SFI/12/RC/2273)
Topics: Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Gastroenterology › Gastrointestinal motility and disorders
Keywords: gut microbiota, major depressive disorder, gut-brain axis, diet, life events, microbiota alterations, depression treatment, microbiota-targeted therapy, mental illness
MeSH terms: Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Animals, Brain, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Humans, Probiotics, Gastrointestinal Tract

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Gutted! Unraveling the Role of the Microbiome in Major Depressive Disorder

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks