The DOI matches its Crossref record; 42 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Intestinal microbiota and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
Open accessAbstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a liver disease with high prevalence in western countries. Progression from NAFLD to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) occurs in 10-20%. NASH pathogenesis is multifactorial including genetic and environmental factors. The gut microbiota is involved in disease progression and its role is complex. RECENT FINDINGS: NASH is associated with changes in the intestinal microbiota, although findings in recent studies are inconsistent. Dysbiosis can trigger intestinal inflammation and impair the gut barrier. Microbial products can now reach the liver, induce hepatic inflammation and contribute to NAFLD and NASH progression. As the gut microbiota is also involved in the regulation of metabolic pathways, metabolomic approaches identified unique metabolomic profiles in patients with NASH. Altered metabolite patterns can serve as biomarkers, whereas specific metabolites (such as ethanol) have been linked with disease progression. Modifying metabolic profiles might serve as new therapeutic microbiome-based approaches. SUMMARY: In this review, we will highlight findings from the recent literature important to the gut-liver axis. We will predominantly focus on human studies with NASH.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Disturbance of the gut-liver axis due to NAFLD-associated dysbiosis has also emerged as an important extrahepatic source of inflammation in both experimental models and human NAFLD cohorts (13).”
From Hepatic Stellate Cell-Immune Interactions in NASH (2022) · cites this paper as [13]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
An obesity-associated gut microbiome with increased capacity for energy harvest
Turnbaugh, P. J., Ley, R. E., Mahowald, M. A., Magrini, V., Mardis, E. R., & Gordon, J. I. (2006) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature05414 · Cited by 12,444
Diet rapidly and reproducibly alters the human gut microbiome
David, L. A., Maurice, C. F., Carmody, R. N., Gootenberg, D. B., Button, J. E., Wolfe, B. E., Ling, A. V., Devlin, A. S., Varma, Y., Fischbach, M. A., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12820 · Cited by 10,100
Human gut microbiome viewed across age and geography
Yatsunenko, T., Rey, F. E., Manary, M. J., Trehan, I., Dominguez-Bello, M. G., Contreras, M., Magris, M., Hidalgo, G., Baldassano, R. N., Anokhin, A. P., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11053 · Cited by 7,815
Changes of Intestinal Functions in Liver Cirrhosis
Fukui, H., & Wiest, R. (2016) · Inflammatory Intestinal Diseases · doi:10.1159/000444436 · Cited by 6,820
The gut microbiota as an environmental factor that regulates fat storage
Bäckhed, F., Ding, H., Wang, T., Hooper, L. V., Koh, G. Y., Nagy, A., Semenkovich, C. F., & Gordon, J. I. (2004) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0407076101 · Cited by 6,245
Inflammasome-mediated dysbiosis regulates progression of NAFLD and obesity
Henao-Mejia, J., Elinav, E., Jin, C., Hao, L., Mehal, W. Z., Strowig, T., Thaiss, C. A., Kau, A. L., Eisenbarth, S. C., Jurczak, M. J., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10809 · Cited by 2,435
Neuschwander-Tetri, B. A., Loomba, R., Sanyal, A. J., Lavine, J. E., Van Natta, M. L., Abdelmalek, M. F., Chalasani, N., Dasarathy, S., Diehl, A. M., Hameed, B., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(14)61933-4 · Cited by 2,237
Are We Really Vastly Outnumbered? Revisiting the Ratio of Bacterial to Host Cells in Humans
Sender, R., Fuchs, S., & Milo, R. (2016) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2016.01.013 · Cited by 2,050
Zhu, L., Baker, S. S., Gill, C., Liu, W., Alkhouri, R., Baker, R. D., & Gill, S. R. (2013) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.26093 · Cited by 1,708
Boursier, J., Mueller, O., Barret, M., Machado, M., Fizanne, L., Araujo‐Perez, F., Guy, C. D., Seed, P. C., Rawls, J. F., David, L. A., et al. (2016) · Hepatology · doi:10.1002/hep.28356 · Cited by 1,483
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–168 of 168
COVID-19 Pandemic: Insights into Interactions between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and MAFLD
Chen, H., & Chen, Q. (2022) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.72461 · Cited by 16
Li, Q., Dai, W., Kong, J., Tian, Y., & Chen, Y. (2021) · Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry · doi:10.1007/s13105-020-00782-w · Cited by 15
Ji, L., Deng, H., Xue, H., Wang, J., Hong, K., Gao, Y., Kang, X., Fan, G., Huang, W., Zhan, J., et al. (2023) · Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety · doi:10.1111/1541-4337.13106 · Cited by 16
Shao, M., Lu, Y., Xiang, H., Wang, J., Ji, G., & Wu, T. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.971561 · Cited by 14
Human liver microbiota modeling strategy at the early onset of fibrosis
Champion, C., Neagoe, R. M., Effernberger, M., Sala, D. T., Servant, F., Christensen, J. E., Arnoriaga‐Rodríguez, M., Amar, J., Lelouvier, B., Loubières, P., et al. (2023) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-023-02774-4 · Cited by 14
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A poorly known pandemic
Augustín, S., Graupera, I., & Caballería, J. (2017) · Medicina Clínica (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.medcle.2017.11.009 · Cited by 14
Gargari, G., Taverniti, V., Bo’, C. D., Bernardi, S., Hidalgo‐Liberona, N., Meroño, T., Andrés‐Lacueva, C., Kroon, P. A., Cherubini, A., Riso, P., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1007/s00394-021-02680-3 · Cited by 14
Pierri, L., Saggese, P., Nuzio, S. G., Troisi, J., Stasi, M. D., Poeta, M., Savastano, R., Marchese, G., Tarallo, R., Massa, G., et al. (2018) · Clinics and Research in Hepatology and Gastroenterology · doi:10.1016/j.clinre.2018.03.015 · Cited by 14
Ralli, T., Neupane, Y. R., Saifi, Z., & Kohli, K. (2021) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1389201022666210625141526 · Cited by 14
Gay, M. D., Cao, H., Shivapurkar, N., Dakshanamurthy, S., Kallakury, B., Tucker, R. D., Kwagyan, J., & Smith, J. P. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23031899 · Cited by 14
Healthy diet intervention reverses the progression of NASH through gut microbiota modulation
Panyod, S., Wu, W., Hu, M.-Y., Huang, H., Chen, R.-A., Chen, Y., Shen, T. D., Ho, C., Liu, C., Chuang, H.-L., et al. (2023) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.01868-23 · Cited by 14
Zhu, N.-L., Huang, S., Zhang, Q., Zhao, Z., Qu, H. Y., Ning, M., Leng, Y., & Liu, J. (2021) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo11060374 · Cited by 13
Mouse models of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and their application to new drug development
Phung, H. H., & Lee, C. H. (2022) · Archives of Pharmacal Research · doi:10.1007/s12272-022-01410-5 · Cited by 13
Karpe, A. V., Hutton, M. L., Mileto, S. J., James, M. L., Evans, C., Ghodke, A. B., Shah, R., Metcalfe, S. S., Liu, J., Walsh, T., et al. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24021636 · Cited by 11
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Intestinal Microbiome: An Inseparable Link
Effenberger, M., Grander, C., Grabherr, F., & Tilg, H. (2023) · Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology · doi:10.14218/jcth.2023.00069 · Cited by 14
Microbiota–Liver Diseases Interactions
Capparelli, R., Cuomo, P., Gentile, A., & Iannelli, D. (2023) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms24043883 · Cited by 12
Leber-Darm-Achse: Wie Darmbakterien die Leber beeinflussen
Konturek, P. C., Harsch, I. A., Konturek, K., Schink, M., & Zopf, Y. (2018) · MMW - Fortschritte der Medizin · doi:10.1007/s15006-018-1051-6 · Cited by 12
Coleman, M. J., Espino, L. M., Lebensohn, H., Zimkute, M. V., Yaghooti, N., Ling, C. L., Gross, J., Listwan, N., Cano, S., Garcia, V., et al. (2022) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo12050431 · Cited by 12
Steatotic Liver Disease and Sepsis Outcomes—A Prospective Cohort Study (SepsisFAT)
Krznarić, J., Papić, N., Vrsaljko, N., Gjurašin, B., Kutleša, M., & Vince, A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13030798 · Cited by 11
da Cruz, N. S., Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento, G., Oliveira, A. C. P. E., & Magalhães, K. G. (2022) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines10102344 · Cited by 10
He, R., Gao, S., Yao, H., Zhao, Z., Tong, J., & Zhang, H. (2023) · Microbiology Spectrum · doi:10.1128/spectrum.02067-22 · Cited by 11
Lim, J. J., Goedken, M. J., Jin, Y., Gu, H., & Cui, J. Y. (2024) · Toxicological Sciences · doi:10.1093/toxsci/kfae047 · Cited by 8
Intestinal microbiota in the treatment of metabolically associated fatty liver disease
Wang, J.-S., & Liu, J. (2022) · World Journal of Clinical Cases · doi:10.12998/wjcc.v10.i31.11240 · Cited by 8
Provera, A., Ramavath, N. N., Gadipudi, L. L., Vecchio, C., Caputo, M., Antonioli, A., Tini, S., Sheferaw, A. N., Reano, S., Filigheddu, N., et al. (2025) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1518687 · Cited by 7
Gut microbial signatures associated with the Indian lean MASLD phenotype
Dey, P. (2025) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2025.1673517 · Cited by 8
Castillo-Castro, C., Martagón, A. J., Ortíz-López, R., Garrido-Trevino, L., Villegas-Albo, M., & Bosques‐Padilla, F. (2021) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v13.i11.1494 · Cited by 8
Sharma, D., Patel, D. N., & Mandal, P. (2025) · Mediators of Inflammation · doi:10.1155/mi/9948679 · Cited by 6
Ma, Y., Pu, Y., Chen, H., Zhou, L., Yang, B., Huang, X., & Zhang, J. (2025) · BioMetals · doi:10.1007/s10534-025-00748-9 · Cited by 8
Beydoun, S., Fardous, A. M., Saruna, M. M., Beydoun, A. G., Sorge, J. A., Ma, H., Aoun, G., Unnikrishnan, A., Cabelof, D. C., & Heydari, A. R. (2021) · Experimental Gerontology · doi:10.1016/j.exger.2021.111387 · Cited by 6
Cordero, P., Li, J., & Oben, J. A. (2017) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-47685-8_20-1 · Cited by 6
Die Rolle des Darmmikrobioms bei chronischen Krankheiten: Eine narrative Übersichtsarbeit
Vijay, A., & Valdes, A. M. (2022) · Kompass Autoimmun · doi:10.1159/000524069 · Cited by 5
The Challenging Ethical Landscape of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Berry, P., & Kotha, S. (2022) · EMJ Hepatology · doi:10.33590/emjhepatol/21-00217 · Cited by 5
Wyss, J., Raselli, T., Wyss, A., Telzerow, A., Rogler, G., Krupka, N., Yılmaz, B., Schmidt, T., & Misselwitz, B. (2024) · BMC Microbiology · doi:10.1186/s12866-024-03195-7 · Cited by 4
Kennedy, E. C., Ross, F. C., O'Shea, C., Lavelle, A., Ross, R. P., Dempsey, E. M., Stanton, C., & Hawkes, C. P. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2024-089206 · Cited by 4
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease - opportunities for personalized treatment and drug development
Kemas, A. M., Youhanna, S. C., & Lauschke, V. M. (2022) · Expert Review of Precision Medicine and Drug Development · doi:10.1080/23808993.2022.2053285 · Cited by 4
Wang, X., Lu, G., Zhou, Y., & Zhao, G. (2026) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-026-02891-7 · Cited by 2
Schneider, K. M., & Trautwein, C. (2020) · Wiener klinisches Magazin · doi:10.1007/s00740-020-00353-1 · Cited by 2
Mandour, M. O., El-Hassan, M., Elkomi, R., & Oben, J. A. (2022) · World Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.4254/wjh.v14.i9.1704 · Cited by 2
Global Trends of Treatment for NAFLD from 2012 to 2021: A Bibliometric and Mapping Analysis
Song, Y., Chen, B., Jiang, L., Zhao, F., & Feng, X. (2023) · Endocrine Metabolic & Immune Disorders - Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/0118715303230418230925060312 · Cited by 2
Yi, X., Zhu, H., He, M., Zhong, L., Gao, S., & Li, M. (2024) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2024.08.05.606637 · Cited by 2
Jiang, H.-T., Ye, H.-M., Yu, H.-Y., Zhu, Y., Hu, M., He, M., Li, W., Yu, Z., Yang, Q., He, L., et al. (2024) · Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy · doi:10.2174/011574888x328447241023063825 · Cited by 1
Cordero, P., Li, J., & Oben, J. A. (2019) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-46933-1_20 · Cited by 1
Understudied targets of the ischemia-reperfusion injury pathogenesis in liver transplantation
Svishcheva, P. O., Kanibolotskiy, A. A., Yaremin, B. I., Anosova, Е. Y., Karina, Y. S., Kaziakhmedova, Z. G., & Новрузбеков, М. С. (2024) · Transplantologiya The Russian Journal of Transplantation · doi:10.23873/2074-0506-2024-16-2-244-259 · Cited by 1
NAFLD in HIV mono-infection is a consequence of insulin resistance but not bacterial translocation
Maurice, J. B., Kelleher, P., Nelson, M., Thursz, M. R., & Lemoine, M. (2018) · Journal of Hepatology · doi:10.1016/s0168-8278(18)30940-1
The Use of Metabolomics to Explore the Gut-Liver Axis
Dragsted, L. O., & Trôst, K. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98890-0_10
Schneider, K. M., & Trautwein, C. (2020) · Die Gastroenterologie · doi:10.1007/s11377-019-00402-0
Gut Microbiota as Signatures in Non-communicable Diseases and Mucosal Immunity
Behera, S. K., Praharaj, A. B., Chalikonda, G., Srivani, G., & Mahapatra, N. (2020) · Diagnostics and therapeutic advances in GI malignancies · doi:10.1007/978-981-15-2017-4_11
Guo, J., Xu, Y., Chen, L., Zhang, S.-X., Rao, T., Peng, J., Guo, Y., Tan, Z., Ouyang, D., Chen, X.-P., et al. (2021) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-729728/v1
Bakterien im Mund–Freund oder Feind?
Schlafer, S. (2019) · Oralprophylaxe & Kinderzahnheilkunde · doi:10.3238/opkzh.2019.0169-0174
Wyss, J., Raselli, T., Wyss, A., Telzerow, A., Rogler, G., Krupka, N., Yılmaz, B., Schmidt, T., & Misselwitz, B. (2022) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2022.12.02.518833
Ding, Y., Yanagi, K., Yang, F., Callaway, E. S., Cheng, C., Hensel, M. E., Menon, R., Alaniz, R. C., Lee, K., & Jayaraman, A. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.03.21.533660
Microbially-derived indole-3-acetate alleviates diet induced steatosis and inflammation in micePreprint
Ding, Y., Yanagi, K., Yang, F., Callaway, E. S., Cheng, C., Hensel, M. E., Menon, R., Alaniz, R. C., Lee, K., & Jayaraman, A. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.87458.1
Ding, Y., Yanagi, K., Yang, F., Callaway, E. S., Cheng, C., Hensel, M. E., Menon, R., Alaniz, R. C., Lee, K., & Jayaraman, A. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.87458.2
Lê, S., Minty, M., Boyer, É., Blasco‐Baqué, V., Bonnaure‐Mallet, M., & Meuric, V. (2024) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.1051/medsci/2023194
Microbiome: Human Nutrition and Psychology
Tewari, S., Sarkar, L., Pramanik, P., Mukherjee, P., Pattanayak, A., & Mahreen, K. F. (2023) · International Journal of Indian Psychology · doi:10.25215/1103.110
The Role of the Intestinal Microbiota in NAFLD Onset and Progression
Pinheiro, I. (2024) · IntechOpen eBooks · doi:10.5772/intechopen.1007741
Strużek, K., Kwiatkowska, A., Mączka, E., Tracz, W., Świercz, P., Teper, K., Khiralla-Gawlik, S., Strzelecka, A. A., & Basak, A. E. (2025) · International Journal of Innovative Technologies in Social Science · doi:10.31435/ijitss.3(47).2025.3662
Integrated therapies for targeting the microenvironment of hepatocellular carcinoma
Karunakaran, S., Ghanta, M. K., Cheetiyar, A. L., Bhaskar, L. V., & Nagaraju, G. P. (2025) · Drug Discovery Today · doi:10.1016/j.drudis.2025.104556 · Cited by 1
Additional file 1 of Human liver microbiota modeling strategy at the early onset of fibrosis
Champion, C., Neagoe, R. M., Effernberger, M., Sala, D. T., Servant, F., Christensen, J. E., Arnoriaga‐Rodríguez, M., Amar, J., Lelouvier, B., Loubières, P., et al. (2023) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.26564922
Yan, C., Bao, J., & Jin, J. (2024) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.25248818
Li, F., Ye, J., Shao, C., & Zhong, B. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.14129363
Zheng, D.-X., Wang, Y., Hou, Q., Wen, L., Liu, J., Yin, Q., Yin, H.-L., Liu, Z., Hu, J.-P., & Yang, J.-H. (2026) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2026.121486
Diversité des macrophages dans un modèle murin de stéatohépatite non alcoolique
Tran, S. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/22efc884z2788z43fazabc1zaeb115ea6833
Implications du microbiote intestinal et de la pectine dans la stéato-hépatite non-alcoolique
Houron, C. (2020) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/282e9d85z4f3dz4f5bz9045zd1ce6da72037
Zhong, J., Zheng, S., Zhao, X., Mei, C., Yang, Y., & Ye, Y. (2026) · Results in Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.rechem.2026.103994
Metadata
- Authors
- Brandl, K., & Schnabl, B.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Schnabl, Bernd
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Gastroenterology
- Published
- 2017-05
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 128-133
- ISSN
- 0267-1379 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5662009
- OpenAlex
- W2593189168
- Cited by
- 169
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 1.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Gastroenterology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01BX002213)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (R01AA020703, U01AA024726, U01AA021856)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Liver Disease Diagnosis and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Alcohol Consumption and Health Effects
- Keywords
- nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gut microbiota, gut dysbiosis, gut-liver axis, intestinal inflammation, intestinal barrier, liver inflammation, metabolomics, metabolomic biomarkers, ethanol, microbiota-based therapy
- MeSH terms
- Gastrointestinal Microbiome, Humans, Disease Progression, Bacterial Translocation, Metabolomics, Dysbiosis, Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review