Cited by 127Cholesterol and Lipid MetabolismLipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthLipid metabolism and disorders

Marked HDL deficiency and premature coronary heart disease

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Schaefer, Ernst J, Santos, Raul D, Asztalos, Bela F·2010·Current Opinion in Lipidology

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Our purpose is to review recent publications in the area of marked human HDL deficiency, HDL particles, coronary heart disease (CHD), amyloidosis, the immune response, and kidney disease. RECENT FINDINGS: Lack of detectable plasma apolipoprotein (apo) A-I can be due to DNA deletions, rearrangements, or nonsense or frameshift mutations within the APOA1 gene resulting in a lack of apoA-I secretion. Such patients have marked HDL deficiency, normal levels of triglycerides and LDL cholesterol, and can have xanthomas and premature CHD. ApoA-I variants with amino acid substitutions, especially in the region of amino acid residues 50-93 and 170-178, have been associated with amyloidosis. Patients with homozygous Tangier disease have defective cellular cholesterol efflux due to mutations in the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette transporter A1, detectable plasma apoA-I levels and prebeta-1 HDL in their plasma. They have decreased LDL cholesterol levels and can develop neuropathy and premature CHD. Patients with lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency have both prebeta-1 and alpha-4 HDL present in their plasma and develop corneal opacities, anemia, proteinuria, and kidney failure. SUMMARY: Patients with marked HDL deficiency can have great differences in their clinical phenotype depending on the underlying defect.

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  • Approximately 10% of individuals with HDL-C levels below the 5th percentile are heterozygous for mutations in the genes of APOA1, ABCA1 or LCAT.

    “According to the results from Danish and American population studies, approximately 10% of individuals with HDL-C levels below the 5th percentile are heterozygous for mutations in the genes of APOA1, ABCA1 or LCAT [28, 29].”

    From HDL cholesterol: reappraisal of its clinical relevance (2017) · cites this paper as [28]

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Authors
Schaefer, E. J., Santos, R. D., & Asztalos, B. F.
Affiliations
  • Tufts University (US)
  • Universidade de São Paulo (BR)
Corresponding author
Schaefer, Ernst J
Venue
Current Opinion in Lipidology
Published
2010-08
Volume
21
Issue
4
Pages
289-297
ISSN
0957-9672 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2063658298
Cited by
127
References
13
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 10
FWCI
13.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Current Opinion in Lipidology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5f32hl007475-02, 5p50hl083813-05)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL 60935, R01HL074753, P050HL083813, R01HL060935, HL 7475, P50-HL083813)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Keywords
apolipoprotein A-I, premature coronary artery disease, xanthoma, amyloidosis, Tangier disease, ABCA1, lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase deficiency, immune response, kidney disease, corneal opacity, neuropathy
MeSH terms
Amyloidosis, Base Sequence, Coronary Disease, Humans, Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase, Lipoproteins, HDL, Apolipoprotein A-I, ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters

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