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Roles and Strategies of State Organizations Related to School-Based Physical Education and Physical Activity Policies
Abstract
School-based physical education (PE) and physical activity (PA) policies can improve PA levels of students and promote health. Studies of policy implementation, communication, monitoring, enforcement, and evaluation are lacking. To describe how states implement, communicate, monitor, enforce, and evaluate key school-based PE and PA policies, researchers interviewed 24 key informants from state-level organizations in 9 states, including representatives from state departments of health and education, state boards of education, and advocacy/professional organizations. These states educate 27% of the US student population. Key informants described their organizations' roles in addressing 14 school-based PE and PA state laws and regulations identified by the Bridging the Gap research program and the National Cancer Institute's Classification of Laws Associated with School Students (C.L.A.S.S.) system. On average, states had 4 of 14 school-based PE and PA laws and regulations, and more than one-half of respondents reported different policies in practice besides the "on the books" laws. Respondents more often reported roles implementing and communicating policies compared with monitoring, enforcing, and evaluating them. Implementation and communication strategies used included training, technical assistance, and written communication of policy to local education agency administrators and teachers. State-level organizations have varying roles in addressing school-based PE and PA policies. Opportunities exist to focus state-level efforts on compliance with existing laws and regulations and evaluation of their impact.
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Many states require between 90 and 150 min per week of physical activity during the school day.
“Although policies vary, many states require between 90 and 150 min per week of physical activity during the school day [16, 17].”
From Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in children living in the U.S. (2020) · cites this paper as [16]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cradock, A. L., Barrett, J. L., Carnoske, C., Chriqui, J. F., Evenson, K. R., Gustat, J., Healy, I. B., Heinrich, K. M., Lemon, S. C., Tompkins, N. O., Reed, H. L., & Zieff, S. G.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- University of Illinois Chicago (US)
- Tulane University (US)
- Kansas State University (US)
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School (US)
- West Virginia University (US)
- Colorado School of Public Health (US)
- San Francisco State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cradock, Angie L.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Public Health Management and Practice
- Published
- 2013-05
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- Supplement 1
- Pages
- S34-S40
- ISSN
- 1078-4659 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2033580060
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 6.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Public Health Management and Practice (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship@UMassChan (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U48 DP001946, U48-DP-001903, U48DP001948, U48 DP001933, 5U48DP001938-02)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › School Health and Nursing Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Education › Physical Education and Pedagogy
- Keywords
- school-based physical education, school physical activity policy, policy implementation, policy enforcement, policy monitoring, policy evaluation, policy communication, gap bridging, student physical activity, health promotion
- MeSH terms
- Child, Communication, Data Collection, Health Policy, Humans, Motor Activity, Organizational Objectives, Physical Education and Training, Schools, State Government, United States, Exercise, Program Development
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