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Cited by 35Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic ControlDementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchBlood Pressure and Hypertension Studies

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The Insular Cortex, Alzheimer Disease Pathology, and Their Effects on Blood Pressure Variability

Kitamura, Juri, Nagai, Michiaki, Ueno, Hiroki, Ohshita, Tomohiko, Kikumoto, Mai, Toko, Megumi, Kato, Masaya, Dote, Keigo, Yamashita, Hiroshi, Kario, Kazuomi·2020·Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders
DOI 10.1097/wad.0000000000000340
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Abstract

Recent findings indicate that the human cardiovascular system is regulated by a cortical network comprised of the insular cortex (Ic), anterior cingulate gyrus, and amygdala which is necessary for the regulation of the central autonomic network system. Alzheimer disease (AD) affects the Ic at a preclinical stage. The pathology of AD at the Ic is suggested to predispose the cardiovascular system to detrimental changes such as increased blood pressure variability (BPV). In this review article, we focus on the physiology of the Ic in the relationship between the central autonomic network and BPV. We provide a summary of the published evidence regarding the relationship between Ic damage and exaggerated BPV in the context of AD pathology.

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  • Immune responses occurring in the peritoneum directly activate the brain's insular cortex, a region affected during preclinical stages of AD.

    “Not only that, but immune responses occurring in this region have been shown to directly activate the brain’s insular cortex, a region known to be affected during the preclinical stages of AD [34], which can in turn store this immune-related information and alter the peripheral immune response if reactivated, further supporting a direct connection between the brain and peritoneum [35].”

    From Alzheimer’s disease-associated protective variant Plcg2-P522R modulates peripheral macrophage function in a sex-dimorphic manner (2024) · cites this paper as [34]

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References 82 · Cited by 35

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Metadata

Authors
Kitamura, J., Nagai, M., Ueno, H., Ohshita, T., Kikumoto, M., Toko, M., Kato, M., Dote, K., Yamashita, H., & Kario, K.
Affiliations
  • Hiroshima University (JP)
  • Cardiology
  • Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital (JP)
  • Jichi Medical University (JP)
Corresponding author
  • Kitamura, Juri
  • Ueno, Hiroki
ORCID
Venue
Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2020-05-06
Volume
34
Issue
3
Pages
282-291
ISSN
0893-0341 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/wad.0000000000000340
OpenAlex
W3023574739
Cited by
35
References
82
Citations by year
2026: 5 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 10
FWCI
0.80
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
Keywords
insula, Alzheimer's disease, blood pressure variability, central autonomic network, anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, preclinical Alzheimer's disease, cardiovascular regulation, autonomic dysfunction
MeSH terms
Alzheimer Disease, Autonomic Nervous System, Blood Pressure, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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