Models of multiple sclerosis: new insights into pathophysiology and repair
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Experimental models are indispensable in multiple sclerosis research aimed to elucidate the pathogenesis of the disease or to test new therapeutic approaches. The purpose of this review is to discuss the relevance of different models for multiple sclerosis and new insights into pathophysiology of the disease obtained from experimental studies. RECENT FINDINGS: These studies show that tissue damage in the course of brain inflammation is induced by a variety of different components of the immune system, including T cells, autoantibodies and activated effector cells, such as macrophages and microglia. In general, different mechanisms of tissue injury act in parallel and are partly counteracted by the induction of neuroprotective factors and spontaneous regenerative processes. SUMMARY: Despite this complexity, experimental studies identified bottlenecks in the destructive process, which can be targeted by therapeutic strategies. To what extent these results can be transferred into therapy of multiple sclerosis has to be shown in the future.
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EAE is often used as a model for human multiple sclerosis (MS) and to study autoreactive immune cell traffic into the CNS.
“Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is often used as a model for human multiple sclerosis (MS) and to study autoreactive immune cell traffic into the CNS (107).”
From The anatomy and immunology of vasculature in the central nervous system (2019) · cites this paper as [107]
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- Authors
- Lassmann, H.
- Affiliations
- Medical University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Lassmann, Hans
- ORCID
- Lassmann, Hans
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Neurology
- Published
- 2008-06
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 242-247
- ISSN
- 1350-7540 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2069400081
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Neurology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Multiple Sclerosis Research Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Psoriasis: Treatment and Pathogenesis
- Keywords
- multiple sclerosis, animal models, pathophysiology, neuroinflammation, T cells, autoantibodies, macrophages, microglia, neuroprotection, tissue damage, remyelination, nerve regeneration, therapeutic target
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Autoantibodies, Disease Models, Animal, Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental, Free Radicals, Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, Neurodegenerative Diseases, Mitochondrial Diseases
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