Cited by 151Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesSubstance Abuse Treatment and OutcomesHomicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 69 of the 69 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Alcohol and drug use in suicidal behaviour

Borges, Guilherme, Loera, Claudia Rafful·2010·Current Opinion in Psychiatry

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To present a summary of estimates of the risk of suicidal behaviour (ideation, plan and attempt) among those with substance use disorders in the general population and risk estimates for those with acute alcohol and drug consumption (intoxication) immediately prior to a suicide attempt. RECENT FINDINGS: In Mexico and elsewhere studies have emerged on the risk of suicidal behaviour among those with substance use disorders that are not affected by treatment selection bias or by psychiatric comorbidity. In developed and developing groups of nations, alcohol use disorders were associated with increased odds ratio (OR) of ideation (range 2.0-2.5) and attempt (2.6-3.7), whereas drug use disorders were associated with increased risk of ideation (2.3-3.0) and attempt (2.0-4.0). Follow-up studies of general population samples reported an OR for drug use disorders from 1.9 to 3.7 for ideation, and an OR of 3.0 for attempt. Alcohol dependence increased suicide ideation with an OR of 1.5. Those drinking alcohol prior to the suicide attempt had ORs in the range of 6.2-9.6. This increase may have a dose-response relationship. We found no studies providing risk estimates for drug use prior to a suicide attempt. SUMMARY: Current evidence points to a causal role of alcohol and drug use disorders exerting a distal effect on suicidal behaviour. Evidence for the proximal role of alcohol and drug use, as triggers of suicidal behaviour, are still very limited in number, analytical techniques and scope of substances other than alcohol.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/yco.0b013e3283386322

Cites

69 of 69 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

The World Mental Health (WMH) Survey Initiative version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI)
Kessler, R. C., & Üstün, T. B. (2004) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.168 · Cited by 4,771
Suicide and suicidal behavior
Nock, M. K., Borges, G., Bromet, E. J., Cha, C. B., Kessler, R. C., & Lee, S. (2008) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxn002 · Cited by 2,897
Self-citation
Cross-national prevalence and risk factors for suicidal ideation, plans and attempts
Nock, M. K., Borges, G., Bromet, E. J., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M., Beautrais, A., Bruffaerts, R., Chiu, W. T., de Girolamo, G., Gluzman, S., et al. (2008) · British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.107.040113 · Cited by 2,654
Self-citation
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Lifetime Suicide Attempts in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C., Borges, G., & Walters, E. E. (1999) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.56.7.617 · Cited by 2,514
Self-citation
Association of alcohol and drug use disorders and completed suicide: an empirical review of cohort studies
Wilcox, H. C., Conner, K. R., & Caine, E. D. (2004) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2004.08.003 · Cited by 749
Delay and failure in treatment seeking after first onset of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative.
(2007) · PubMed Central · Cited by 623
Self-citation
Psychopathology Associated With Suicidal Ideation and Attempts Among Children and Adolescents
GOULD, M. S., KING, R., GREENWALD, S., FISHER, P., SCHWAB-STONE, M., KRAMER, R., FLISHER, A. J., GOODMAN, S., CANINO, G., & SHAFFER, D. (1998) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199809000-00011 · Cited by 600
Prevalence of suicide ideation and suicide attempts in nine countries
Weissman, M. M., Bland, R. C., CANINO, G. J., Greenwald, S., Hwu, H., Joyce, P. R., Karam, E. G., Lee, C.-Y., Lellouch, J., Lépine, J., et al. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291798007867 · Cited by 583
Comorbidity Between DSM–IV Alcohol and Specific Drug Use Disorders in the United States
Stinson, F., Grant, B. F., Dawson, D., Ruan, W., Huang, B.-J., & Saha, T. (2005) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.03.009 · Cited by 494
Cannabis Abuse as a Risk Factor for Depressive Symptoms
BOVASSO, G. B. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.12.2033 · Cited by 455
Psychosocial and Risk Behavior Correlates of Youth Suicide Attempts and Suicidal Ideation
KING, R. A., SCHWAB-STONE, M., FLISHER, A. J., GREENWALD, S., KRAMER, R. A., GOODMAN, S. H., LAHEY, B. B., SHAFFER, D., & GOULD, M. S. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200107000-00019 · Cited by 448
Neurobiology of addiction
Goodman, A. (2007) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2007.07.030 · Cited by 445
Associations of Substance Use, Abuse, and Dependence with Subsequent Suicidal Behavior
Borges, G. L. G., Walters, E. E., & Kessler, R. C. (2000) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010278 · Cited by 403
Self-citation
Alcohol and suicidal behavior
Hufford, M. R. (2001) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/s0272-7358(00)00070-2 · Cited by 380
Disparities in Alcohol‐Related Problems Among White, Black, and Hispanic Americans
Mulia, N., Ye, Y., Greenfield, T. K., & Zemore, S. E. (2009) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00880.x · Cited by 348
Proximal Psychiatric Risk Factors for Suicidality in Youth
Foley, D. L., Goldston, D. B., Costello, E. J., & Angold, A. C. (2006) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.63.9.1017 · Cited by 344
Meta-analysis of depression and substance use among individuals with alcohol use disorders
Conner, K. R., Pinquart, M., & Gamble, S. A. (2009) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2008.11.007 · Cited by 337
Risk factors for the incidence and persistence of suicide-related outcomes: A 10-year follow-up study using the National Comorbidity Surveys
Borges, G., Angst, J., Nock, M. K., Ruscio, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2008) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.036 · Cited by 334
Self-citation
Acute Alcohol Use and Suicidal Behavior: A Review of the Literature
Cherpitel, C. J., Borges, G. L. G., & Wilcox, H. C. (2004) · Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000127411.61634.14 · Cited by 305
Self-citation
Suicide among heroin users: rates, risk factors and methods
Darke, S. G., & Ross, J. E. (2002) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00214.x · Cited by 300
An epidemiologic investigation of potential risk factors for suicide attempts
Petronis, K. R., SAMUELS, J. F., Mościcki, E. K., & Anthony, J. C. (1990) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/bf00782961 · Cited by 290
Incidence of suicide ideation and attempts in adults: the 13-year follow-up of a community sample in Baltimore, Maryland
KUO, W.-H., GALLO, J. J., & TIEN, A. Y. (2001) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291701004482 · Cited by 237
Smoking and suicide: A brief overview
Hughes, J. R. (2008) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.06.003 · Cited by 236
Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Lifetime Suicide Attempts Among Blacks in the United States
Joe, S., Baser, R. E., Breeden, G., Neighbors, H. W., & Jackson, J. S. (2006) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.296.17.2112 · Cited by 227
Alcohol consumption and suicide
Sher, L. (2005) · QJM · doi:10.1093/qjmed/hci146 · Cited by 211
Trends in mortality from suicide, 1965–99
Levi, F., Vecchia, C. L., Lucchini, F., Negri, E., Saxena, S., Maulik, P. K., & Saraceno, B. (2003) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1034/j.1600-0447.2003.00147.x · Cited by 182
Lifetime prevalence of suicide ideation, plan, and attempt in metropolitan China
Lee, S., Fung, S. C., Tsang, A., Liu, Z. R., Huang, Y., He, Y. L., Zhang, M. Y., Shen, Y., Nock, M. K., & Kessler, R. C. (2007) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01064.x · Cited by 177
Prevalence and Correlates of Lifetime Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts Among Latino Subgroups in the United States
Fortuna, L. R., Pérez, D. J., CANINO, G. J., Sribney, W. M., & Alegria, M. M. (2007) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v68n0413 · Cited by 176
Predisposing and Precipitating Factors for Suicide Among Alcoholics: Empirical Review and Conceptual Integration
Conner, K. R., & Duberstein, P. R. (2004) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000127410.84505.2a · Cited by 169
Substance Use, Suicidal Ideation and Attempts in Children and Adolescents
Wu, P., Hoven, C. W., Liu, X., Cohen, P. R., Fuller, C. J., & Shaffer, D. (2004) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1521/suli.34.4.408.53733 · Cited by 168
Suicidal ideation and suicide attempts: Comorbidity with depression, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse disorder
Bronisch, T., & Wïttchen, H. (1994) · European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/bf02193525 · Cited by 164
Factors associated with non‐fatal heroin overdose: assessing the effect of frequency and route of heroin administration
Brugal, M. T., Barrio, G., de la Fuente, L., Regidor, E., Royuela, L., & Suelves, J. M. (2002) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00058.x · Cited by 160
Does cannabis use lead to depression and suicidal behaviours? A population‐based longitudinal study
Pedersen, W. (2008) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.2008.01259.x · Cited by 144
Suicide Ideation, Plan, and Attempt in the Mexican Adolescent Mental Health Survey
Borges, G. L. G., Benjet, C. L., Medina‐Mora, M. E., Orozco, R., & Nock, M. K. (2008) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31815896ad · Cited by 139
Self-citation
Adolescent alcohol involvement and suicide attempts: Toward the development of a conceptual framework
Bagge, C. L., & Sher, K. J. (2008) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2008.06.002 · Cited by 128
Gender issues in suicide rates, trends and methods among youths aged 15–24 in 15 European countries
Värnik, A., Kõlves, K., Allïk, J., Arensman, E., Aromaa, E., Audenhove, C. V., Bouleau, J.-H., Feltz-Cornelis, C. M. V. D., Giupponi, G., Gusmão, R. M., et al. (2008) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.06.004 · Cited by 122
Gender, acculturation, and other barriers to alcohol treatment utilization among Latinos in three National Alcohol Surveys
Zemore, S. E., Mulia, N., Ye, Y., Borges, G. L. G., & Greenfield, T. K. (2008) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2008.09.005 · Cited by 118
Self-citation
Suicide attempts and alcohol consumption in an emergency room sample.
Borges, G. L. G., & Rosovsky, H. (1996) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1996.57.543 · Cited by 107
Self-citation
Alcohol Consumption and Nearly Lethal Suicide Attempts
Powell, K. E., Kresnow, M., Mercy, J. A., Potter, L. B., Swann, A. C., Frankowski, R. F., Lee, R. K., & Bayer, T. L. (2002) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1521/suli.32.1.5.30.24208 · Cited by 94
Moderators of the Relationship Between Alcohol Dependence and Suicide and Medically Serious Suicide Attempts: Analyses of Canterbury Suicide Project Data
Conner, K. R., Beautrais, A. L., & Conwell, Y. (2003) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1097/01.alc.0000075820.65197.fd · Cited by 94
Transitions to, and Correlates of, Suicidal Ideation, Plans, and Unplanned and Planned Suicide Attempts Among 3,729 Men and Women With Alcohol Dependence
Conner, K. R., HESSELBROCK, V. M., Meldrum, S. C., Schuckit, M. A., Bucholz, K. K., Gamble, S. A., Wines, J. D., & Kramer, J. (2007) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs · doi:10.15288/jsad.2007.68.654 · Cited by 91
Patterns and correlates of attempted suicide by heroin users over a 3-year period: Findings from the Australian treatment outcome study
Darke, S. G., Ross, J. E., Williamson, A., Mills, K. L., Havard, A., & Teesson, M. (2006) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.08.010 · Cited by 90
Transient changes in behaviour lead to heroin overdose: results from a case‐crossover study of non‐fatal overdose
Dietze, P., Jolley, D., FRY, C. L., & Bammer, G. (2005) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01051.x · Cited by 87
Traumatic events and suicide‐related outcomes among Mexico City adolescents
Borges, G., Benjet, C., Medina‐Mora, M. E., Orozco, R., Molnar, B. E., & Nock, M. K. (2008) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01868.x · Cited by 84
Self-citation
Predictors of High Rates of Suicidal Ideation Among Drug Users
Cottler, L. B., Campbell, W., Krishna, V., Cunningham‐Williams, R. M., & Abdallah, A. B. (2005) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000168245.56563.90 · Cited by 77
Association between Psychiatric Symptoms and Craving in Methamphetamine Users
Nakama, H., Chang, L., Cloak, C. C., Jiang, C. S., Alicata, D., & Haning, W. (2008) · American Journal on Addictions · doi:10.1080/10550490802268462 · Cited by 76
Alcohol and Suicide - Durkheim Revisited
Skog, O. (1991) · Acta Sociologica · doi:10.1177/000169939103400303 · Cited by 75
Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de las ideas, planes e intentos de suicidio en la población general española. Resultados del estudio ESEMeD
Gabilondo, A., Alonso, J., Pinto‐Meza, A., Vilagut, G., Fernández, A., Serrano‐Blanco, A., Almansa, J., Codony, M., & Haro, J. M. (2007) · Medicina Clínica · doi:10.1157/13111370 · Cited by 74
Drinking to cope as a statistical mediator in the relationship between suicidal ideation and alcohol outcomes among underage college drinkers.
Gonzalez, V. M., Bradizza, C. M., & Collins, R. L. (2009) · Psychology of Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1037/a0015543 · Cited by 71
Sedatives and suicide: the San Diego study
Mendelson, W. B., & Rich, C. L. (1993) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0447.1993.tb03469.x · Cited by 66
A case-crossover study of acute alcohol use and suicide attempt.
Borges, G. L. G., CHERPITEL, C. J. S., MacDonald, S., Giesbrecht, N., Stockwell, T. R., & Wilcox, H. C. (2004) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.2004.65.708 · Cited by 58
Self-citation
Cocaine and alcohol use preceding suicide in African American and white adolescents.
Garlow, S. J., Purselle, D. C., & Heninger, M. M. (2007) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2005.08.008 · Cited by 50
The Epidemiology of Suicide‐Related Outcomes in Mexico
Borges, G. L. G., Nock, M. K., Medina‐Mora, M. E., Benjet, C. L., Lara, C., Chiu, W. T., & Kessler, R. C. (2007) · Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior · doi:10.1521/suli.2007.37.6.627 · Cited by 48
Self-citation
Drinking frequency and quantity and risk of suicide among men
Mukamal, K. J., Kawachi, I. I., Miller, M., & Rimm, E. B. (2007) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-006-0144-1 · Cited by 45
Youth Suicide in New Mexico: A 26‐Year Retrospective Review*
Singh, V. D., & Lathrop, S. L. (2008) · Journal of Forensic Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00721.x · Cited by 44
Substance Abuse, Temperament and Suicide Risk: Evidence from a Case-Control Study
Pompili, M., Innamorati, M., Lester, D., Akiskal, H. S., Rihmer, Z., CASALE, A. D., Amore, M., Girardi, P., & Tatarelli, R. (2009) · Journal of Addictive Diseases · doi:10.1080/10550880802544757 · Cited by 43
Alcohol and Suicide--Durkheim Revisited
Skog, O. J. (1991) · Acta Sociologica · Cited by 37
Psychiatric Risk Factors for Suicide in the Alcohol-dependent Patient
Conner, K. R., McCloskey, M. S., & Duberstein, P. R. (2008) · Psychiatric Annals · doi:10.3928/00485713-20081101-04 · Cited by 37
Distribución y determinantes sociodemográficos de la conducta suicida en México
Borges, G. L. G., Medina‐Mora, M. E., Orozco, R., Ouéda, C., Villatoro, J. A., & Fleiz, C. (2009) · Redalyc (Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México) · Cited by 33
Self-citation
Substance-induced suicidal admissions to an acute psychiatric service: Characteristics and outcomes
Ries, R. K., Yuodelis‐Flores, C., Comtois, K. A., Roy‐Byrne, P., & Russo, J. E. (2007) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2006.12.033 · Cited by 31
Substance use disorders as risk factors for suicide in an Eastern and a Central European city (Tallinn and Frankfurt/Main)
Schneider, B., Kõlves, K., Blettner, M., Wetterling, T., Schnabel, A., & Värnik, A. (2009) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.03.022 · Cited by 30
Alcohol use and suicide rates
Sher, L. (2005) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.07.003 · Cited by 28
The Relationship Between Lifetime Abuse and Suicidal Ideation in a Sample of Injection Drug Users
Lloyd, J. J., Ricketts, E. P., Havens, J. R., Cornelius, L. J., Bishai, D. M., Huettner, S., Latkin, C. A., & Strathdee, S. A. (2007) · Journal of Psychoactive Drugs · doi:10.1080/02791072.2007.10399874 · Cited by 25
La ideación suicida y su relación con la desesperanza, el abuso de drogas y alcohol
Mondragón, L., Saltijeral, M. T., Bimbela, A., & Borges, G. L. G. (1998) · Salud Mental · Cited by 23
Self-citation
Consistency in Suicide Rates in Twenty-Two Developed Countries by Gender over Time 1874–78, 1974–76, and 1998–2000
Hansen, L. K., & Pritchard, C. W. (2008) · Archives of Suicide Research · doi:10.1080/13811110802101153 · Cited by 23
Alcohol use disorders and acute alcohol use preceding suicide in China
Zhang, Y., Conner, K. R., & Phillips, M. R. (2009) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2009.09.020 · Cited by 22
Suicide Attempts in a Sample of Patients from a General Hospital
Borges, G. L. G., Saltijeral, M. T., Bimbela, A., & Mondragón, L. (2000) · Archives of Medical Research · doi:10.1016/s0188-4409(00)00079-5 · Cited by 21
Self-citation
Suicide attempts and substance use in an emergency room sample
Diehl, A., & Laranjeira, R. (2009) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/s0047-20852009000200003 · Cited by 18
Substance Use Disorders and Intentional Injury
Kuramoto-Crawford, S. J., & Wilcox, H. C. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199381708.013.002 · Cited by 2

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Borges, 2009, Distribution and socio-demographic determinants of the suicidal behavior in Mexico, Salud Mental, 32, 413
Cota, 2009, Estudios sobre conducta suicida en México: 1998–2008 [Studies on suicide behavior in Mexico], JOVENes, 32, 12

Sorted by citations

The relationship between different dimensions of alcohol use and the burden of disease—an update
Rehm, J., Gmel, G. E., Gmel, G., Hasan, O. S. M., Imtiaz, S., Popova, S., Probst, C., Roerecke, M., Room, R., Samokhvalov, A. V., et al. (2017) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13757 · Cited by 1,204
The risks associated with alcohol use and alcoholism.
(2011) · PubMed Central · Cited by 556
Alcohol-Related Risk of Suicidal Ideation, Suicide Attempt, and Completed Suicide: A Meta-Analysis
Darvishi, N., Farhadi, M., Haghtalab, T., & Poorolajal, J. (2015) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0126870 · Cited by 464
Binge drinking: Health impact, prevalence, correlates and interventions
Kuntsche, E. N., Kuntsche, S., Thrul, J., & Gmel, G. E. (2017) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2017.1325889 · Cited by 407
Substance use disorder and risk of suicidal ideation, suicide attempt and suicide death: a meta-analysis.
Poorolajal, J., Haghtalab, T., Farhadi, M., & Darvishi, N. (2016) · Journal of public health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdv148 · Cited by 346

See all 151

Authors: Borges, G., & Loera, C. R.
Affiliations: Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana (MX)
Corresponding author: Borges, Guilherme
ORCID: Borges, Guilherme
Venue: Current Opinion in Psychiatry
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2010-05
Volume: 23
Issue: 3
Pages: 195-204
ISSN: 0951-7367 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/yco.0b013e3283386322
OpenAlex: W2039373216
Cited by: 151
References: 69
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 0.79
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Current Opinion in Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse
Keywords: suicidal behavior, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, substance use disorders, alcoholism, drug use disorders, poisoning, risk estimates, dose-response relationship, treatment selection bias, psychiatric comorbidity
MeSH terms: Alcoholic Intoxication, Alcoholism, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Mexico, Suicide, Attempted, Causality, Incidence, Risk Assessment, Substance-Related Disorders, Suicidal Ideation

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Alcohol and drug use in suicidal behaviour

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks