Proactive prosociality in a cooperatively breeding corvid, the azure-winged magpie ( Cyanopica cyana )
Open accessAbstract
One of the contemporary hypotheses concerning the evolution of human altruism is the cooperative breeding hypothesis (CBH) which has recently been tested in non-human primates. Using a similar paradigm, we investigated prosociality in a cooperatively breeding corvid, the azure-winged magpie. We found that the magpies delivered food to their group members at high rates, and unlike other corvids, they did so without any cues provided by others. In two control conditions, the magpies stopped participating over time, indicating that they learned to discriminate prosocial tests from controls. Azure-winged magpies are thus the first birds that experimentally show proactive prosociality. Our findings are in line with the CBH; however, additional corvid species need to be tested in this promising paradigm.
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This type of interaction is sometimes referred to in the literature as proactive prosociality, and is also observed among primates in the form of allomaternal care, as well as in the behaviour of other animal groups.
“This type of interaction is sometimes referred to in the literature as proactive prosociality, and is also observed among primates in the form of allomaternal care, as well as in the behaviour of other animal groups [53,54].”
From Maynard Smith revisited: A multi-agent reinforcement learning approach to the coevolution of signalling behaviour (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
This phenomenon is observed both in the animal realm and within human behaviour, and this behaviour may be caused by a number of mechanisms.
“We observe this phenomenon both in the animal realm [53,54], and within human behaviour [55], and this behaviour may be caused by a number of mechanisms.”
From Maynard Smith revisited: A multi-agent reinforcement learning approach to the coevolution of signalling behaviour (2025) · cites this paper as [54]
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- Authors
- Horn, L., Scheer, C., Bugnyar, T., & Massen, J. J. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Horn, Lisa
- Venue
- Biology Letters
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2016-10
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 20160649
- ISSN
- 1744-9561 (ISSN-L)
- 1744-957X
- PMC
- PMC5095199
- OpenAlex
- W2535142729
- Cited by
- 76
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2
- FWCI
- 9.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- Biology Letters (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Utrecht University Repository (Utrecht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Universität Wien (Start-Up)
- Austrian Science Fund (P26806)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Primate Behavior and Ecology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Keywords
- azure-winged magpie, Corvidae, food sharing, prosocial behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Cooperative Behavior, Motivation, Social Behavior, Passeriformes
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