Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,159

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Soil health in agricultural systems

Open access
Kibblewhite, M.G, Ritz, K, Swift, M.J·2008·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
DOI 10.1098/rstb.2007.2178
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Soil health is presented as an integrative property that reflects the capacity of soil to respond to agricultural intervention, so that it continues to support both the agricultural production and the provision of other ecosystem services. The major challenge within sustainable soil management is to conserve ecosystem service delivery while optimizing agricultural yields. It is proposed that soil health is dependent on the maintenance of four major functions: carbon transformations; nutrient cycles; soil structure maintenance; and the regulation of pests and diseases. Each of these functions is manifested as an aggregate of a variety of biological processes provided by a diversity of interacting soil organisms under the influence of the abiotic soil environment. Analysis of current models of the soil community under the impact of agricultural interventions (particularly those entailing substitution of biological processes with fossil fuel-derived energy or inputs) confirms the highly integrative pattern of interactions within each of these functions and leads to the conclusion that measurement of individual groups of organisms, processes or soil properties does not suffice to indicate the state of the soil health. A further conclusion is that quantifying the flow of energy and carbon between functions is an essential but non-trivial task for the assessment and management of soil health.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1098/rstb.2007.2178

Cites

5 of 5 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 5 references

Research works printed but not linked: 71

  1. 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00648.x · DOI
  2. Bardgett R.D Usher M.B& Hopkins D.W. 2005 Cambridge UK:Cambridge University Press.
  3. 10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.012 · doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2003.10.012
  4. 10.1007/s00248-003-0209-6 · DOI
  5. Brussaard L. (ed.) 1994 Soil ecology of conventional and integrated farming systems . Agric. Ecosyst. Environ . 51 1–267. · doi:10.1016/0167-8809(94)90031-0
  6. 10.1128/AEM.69.6.3593-3599.2003 · DOI · Paper page
  7. 10.1038/17946 · DOI
  8. Coleman D.C& Hendrix P.F Invertebrates as webmasters in ecosystems. 2000 Wallingford UK:CAB International. · DOI · Paper page
  9. 10.1126/science.1118176 · DOI · Paper page
  10. Daily G. 1997 Washington DC:Island Press.
  11. 10.1016/S0921-8009(02)00089-7 · DOI · Paper page
  12. 10.1016/0167-8809(94)90044-2 · DOI
  13. 10.1016/S0038-0717(97)00076-X · DOI · Paper page
  14. Doran J.W, 1996, SSSA special publication
  15. Doran J.W, 1994, SSSA special publication
  16. Edwards C.A, 2000, Invertebrates as webmasters in ecosystems, 141, 10.1079/9780851993942.0141 · DOI
  17. 10.1016/S1164-5563(02)01150-0 · doi:10.1016/s1164-5563(02)01150-0
  18. Edwards C.A, 1995, The effects of contaminants on the structure and function of soil communities, Acta Zool. Fenn, 196, 284
  19. European Commission The common agricultural policy 2003 review. 2005 Luxembourg Europe:European Communities.
  20. European Commission 2007 Directorate General for Research—Sustainable Development Global Change and Ecosystems. Catalogue of projects funded during the Sixth Framework pp. 362–363. Brussels Belgium: European Commission.
  21. 10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00205-9 · DOI · Paper page
  22. 10.1016/S0038-0717(03)00155-X · DOI · Paper page
  23. Gaston K.J& Spicer J.I Biodiversity: an introduction. 1998 Oxford UK:Blackwell Scientific.
  24. 10.1016/S0929-1393(03)00098-2 · DOI · Paper page
  25. 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2000.900208.x · DOI · Paper page
  26. 10.1007/s00248-002-2043-7 · DOI · Paper page
  27. 10.1111/j.1365-2389.2004.00667.x · DOI
  28. Harris R.F, 1996, SSSA special publication, 61
  29. 10.2307/1310259 · DOI · Paper page
  30. 10.1007/s10021-003-0110-7 · DOI · Paper page
  31. Hunt H.W, 1987, The detrital food web in a shortgrass prairie, Biol. Fertil. Soils, 3, 57
  32. 10.1016/S0016-7061(01)00029-5 · DOI
  33. 10.1097/00010694-197705000-00005 · DOI · Paper page
  34. 10.1007/s00374-003-0642-1 · DOI · Paper page
  35. Kibblewhite M.G, 2005, Grassland: a global resource, 219, 10.3920/9789086865512_017 · doi:10.3920/9789086865512_017
  36. 10.1016/j.mimet.2004.04.006 · DOI · Paper page
  37. Landers J.N, 2001, Conservation agriculture—a worldwide challenge, 317
  38. 10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60007-0 · DOI · Paper page
  39. Lavelle P, 1997, Soil function in a changing world: the role of invertebrate ecosystem engineers, Eur. J. Soil Biol, 33, 159
  40. 10.1016/j.foreco.2005.08.007 · DOI · Paper page
  41. 10.1034/j.1600-0706.2002.960115.x · DOI
  42. 10.1017/CBO9780511541926.004 · DOI
  43. 10.1016/j.soilbio.2004.04.036 · DOI
  44. Parton W.J, 1996, Evaluation of soil organic models, 283, 10.1007/978-3-642-61094-3_23 · DOI · Paper page
  45. 10.1016/0038-0717(95)00096-W · DOI · Paper page
  46. 10.1017/CBO9780511541926.021 · DOI
  47. Ritz K, 2000, Sustainable management of soil organic matter, 343
  48. 10.1017/S0269915X04002010 · doi:10.1017/s0269915x04002010 · Paper page
  49. Ritz K, 2004, Agricultural soil erosion and soil biodiversity: developing indicators for policy analyses, 563
  50. 10.2134/agronj2004.0769 · DOI
  51. Schimel J.P, 2005, Biological diversity and function in soils, 172
  52. Schulze E.-D& Mooney H.A Biodiversity and ecosystem function. 1994 Berlin Germany:Springer. · DOI · Paper page
  53. 10.1007/s00442-003-1478-y · DOI · Paper page
  54. 10.1017/CBO9780511541926.014 · DOI
  55. 10.2136/sssaj1999.6351350x · DOI · Paper page
  56. Slack N The Blackwell encyclopaedic dictionary of operations management. 1997 Oxford UK:Blackwell.
  57. Swift M.J Heal O.W& Anderson J.M Decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems. 1979 Oxford UK:Blackwell Scientific. · DOI · Paper page
  58. Swift M.J, 1996, Functional roles of biodiversity: a global perspective, 261
  59. 10.1016/j.agee.2004.01.013 · DOI · Paper page
  60. 10.1016/S1369-5274(02)00324-7 · DOI · Paper page
  61. 10.1038/23932 · DOI · Paper page
  62. Van Doren D.M, 1978, ASA special publication, 49
  63. Van-Camp L. Bujarrabal B. Gentile A. R. Jones R. J. A. Montanarella L. Olazabal C. & Selvaradjou S.-K. 2004 Reports of the technical working groups established under the thematic strategy for soil protection vol. 5 Monitoring. EUR 21319 EN/5 pp. 653–718. Luxembourg Europe: European Communities.
  64. 10.1007/BF00011437 · DOI
  65. Vanlauwe B, 2001, Sustaining soil fertility in West Africa, 247
  66. Vitousek P.M, 1997, Human alteration of the global nitrogen cycle: sources and consequences, Ecol. Appl, 7, 737
  67. Wall D.H, 2004, SCOPE 64
  68. 10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60065-3 · DOI · Paper page
  69. Wardle D.A Communities and ecosystems: linking aboveground and belowground components. 2002 Princeton NJ:Princeton University Press.
  70. 10.1126/science.1097394 · DOI · Paper page
  71. 10.1017/CBO9780511541926.003 · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511541926.003

Cited by

See all 1,159

Metadata

Authors
Kibblewhite, M. G., Ritz, K., & Swift, M. J.
Venue
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Publisher
The Royal Society
Published
2007-09-04
Volume
363
Issue
1492
Pages
685-701
ISSN
  • 0962-8436 (ISSN-L)
  • 1471-2970
DOI
10.1098/rstb.2007.2178
OpenAlex
W2153124724
Cited by
1,159
References
5
FWCI
16.14
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green
Licence
royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ (tdm)

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Soil health in agricultural systems. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1098/rstb.2007.2178
The paper
Kibblewhite, M. G., Ritz, K., & Swift, M. J. (2008). Soil health in agricultural systems. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2007.2178

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.