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Bakta: rapid and standardized annotation of bacterial genomes via alignment-free sequence identification: Find out more about Bakta, the motivation, challenges and applications, here.

Open access
Schwengers, Oliver, Jelonek, Lukas, Dieckmann, Marius Alfred, Beyvers, Sebastian, Blom, Jochen, Goesmann, Alexander·2021·Microbial Genomics

Abstract

Command-line annotation software tools have continuously gained popularity compared to centralized online services due to the worldwide increase of sequenced bacterial genomes. However, results of existing command-line software pipelines heavily depend on taxon-specific databases or sufficiently well annotated reference genomes. Here, we introduce Bakta, a new command-line software tool for the robust, taxon-independent, thorough and, nonetheless, fast annotation of bacterial genomes. Bakta conducts a comprehensive annotation workflow including the detection of small proteins taking into account replicon metadata. The annotation of coding sequences is accelerated via an alignment-free sequence identification approach that in addition facilitates the precise assignment of public database cross-references. Annotation results are exported in GFF3 and International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC)-compliant flat files, as well as comprehensive JSON files, facilitating automated downstream analysis. We compared Bakta to other rapid contemporary command-line annotation software tools in both targeted and taxonomically broad benchmarks including isolates and metagenomic-assembled genomes. We demonstrated that Bakta outperforms other tools in terms of functional annotations, the assignment of functional categories and database cross-references, whilst providing comparable wall-clock runtimes. Bakta is implemented in Python 3 and runs on MacOS and Linux systems. It is freely available under a GPLv3 license at https://github.com/oschwengers/bakta . An accompanying web version is available at https://bakta.computational.bio .

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Metadata

Authors
Schwengers, O., Jelonek, L., Dieckmann, M. A., Beyvers, S., Blom, J., & Goesmann, A.
Venue
Microbial Genomics
Published
2021-11-30
Volume
7
Issue
11
ISSN
2057-5858 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W3209528471
Cited by
1,424
References
52
FWCI
32.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
gold

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Bakta: rapid and standardized annotation of bacterial genomes via alignment-free sequence identification: Find out more about Bakta, the motivation, challenges and applications, here. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1099/mgen.0.000685
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Schwengers, O., Jelonek, L., Dieckmann, M. A., Beyvers, S., Blom, J., & Goesmann, A. (2021). Bakta: rapid and standardized annotation of bacterial genomes via alignment-free sequence identification: Find out more about Bakta, the motivation, challenges and applications, here. Microbial Genomics. https://doi.org/10.1099/mgen.0.000685

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