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Candida albicans forms biofilms on the vaginal mucosa
Open accessAbstract
Current understanding of resistance and susceptibility to vulvovaginal candidiasis challenges existing paradigms of host defence against fungal infection. While abiotic biofilm formation has a clearly established role during systemic Candida infections, it is not known whether C. albicans forms biofilms on the vaginal mucosa and the possible role of biofilms in disease. In vivo and ex vivo murine vaginitis models were employed to examine biofilm formation by scanning electron and confocal microscopy. C. albicans strains included 3153A (lab strain), DAY185 (parental control strain), and mutants defective in morphogenesis and/or biofilm formation in vitro (efg1/efg1 and bcr1/bcr1). Both 3153A and DAY815 formed biofilms on the vaginal mucosa in vivo and ex vivo as indicated by high fungal burden and microscopic analysis demonstrating typical biofilm architecture and presence of extracellular matrix (ECM) co-localized with the presence of fungi. In contrast, efg1/efg1 and bcr1/bcr1 mutant strains exhibited weak or no biofilm formation/ECM production in both models compared to wild-type strains and complemented mutants despite comparable colonization levels. These data show for the first time that C. albicans forms biofilms in vivo on vaginal epithelium, and that in vivo biotic biofilm formation requires regulators of biofilm formation (BCR1) and morphogenesis (EFG1).
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“Vaginal mucosal mouse models, both in vivo (live mice inoculated with C. albicans on the vaginal mucosa) and ex vivo (vaginas excised from euthanized mice and then inoculated with C. albicans in tissue culture plates), show similar biofilm architectures, with clear yeast, hyphae, and extracellular matrix evident throughout the biofilms formed on top of the mucosal layers (72).”
From Candida albicans Biofilms and Human Disease (2015) · cites this paper as [72]
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Harriott, M. M., Lilly, E. A., Rodriguez, T. E., Fidel, P. L., & Noverr, M. C.
- Affiliations
- Wayne State University (US)
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans (US)
- Venue
- Microbiology
- Publisher
- Microbiology Society
- Published
- 2010-12-01
- Volume
- 156
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 3635-3644
- ISSN
- 1350-0872 (ISSN-L)
- 1465-2080
- PMC
- PMC3068702
- OpenAlex
- W2063801124
- Cited by
- 301
- References
- 35
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 26 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 16 · 2017: 25 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Microbiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Louisiana Board of Regents
- Carnegie Mellon University
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (R01 AI72406-01, R01AI072406, R01AI32556, R01AI032556)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Antifungal resistance and susceptibility
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fungal and yeast genetics research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Keywords
- Candida albicans, biofilm formation, vaginal mucosa, vaginal candidiasis, vaginal epithelium, extracellular matrix, BCR1, EFG1, morphogenesis, fungal virulence
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Candida albicans, Candidiasis, Female, Humans, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mucous Membrane, Vagina, Biofilms, Dioxygenases, Mice
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