PreprintCited by 19Protein Structure and DynamicsReceptor Mechanisms and SignalingEnzyme Structure and Function

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They all rock: A systematic comparison of conformational movements in LeuT-fold transporters

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Preprint — published as 10.1016/j.str.2024.06.015 · Paper page

Abstract

SUMMARY: Many membrane transporters share the LeuT fold—two five-helix repeats inverted across the membrane plane. Despite hundreds of structures, whether distinct conformational mechanisms are supported by the LeuT fold has not been systematically determined. After annotating published LeuT-fold structures, we analyzed distance difference matrices (DDMs) for nine proteins with multiple available conformations. We identified rigid bodies and relative movements of transmembrane helices (TMs) during distinct steps of the transport cycle. In all transporters the bundle (first two TMs of each repeat) rotates relative to the hash (third and fourth TMs). Motions of the arms (fifth TM) to close or open the intracellular and outer vestibules are common, as is a TM1a swing, with notable variations in the opening-closing motions of the outer vestibule. Our analyses suggest that LeuT-fold transporters layer distinct motions on a common bundle-hash rock and demonstrate that systematic analyses can provide new insights into large structural datasets.

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Metadata

Authors
Licht, J. A., Berry, S. P., Gutierrez, M. A., & Gaudet, R.
Affiliations
Harvard University (US)
Corresponding author
Gaudet, Rachelle
Venue
Structure
Publisher
openRxiv
Published
2024-01-29
Volume
32
Issue
9
Pages
1528-1543.e3
ISSN
0969-2126 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W4400732226
Cited by
19
References
3
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 11
FWCI
2.59
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Structure (publishedVersion)
  • bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
  • National Science Foundation (1764269)
  • National Institutes of Health
  • Key Laboratory of Low-grade Energy Utilization Technology and System, Chongqing University
  • National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM008313, R01GM120996)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Structural Biology › Enzyme Structure and Function
Keywords
membrane transporters, transport cycle, rigid body motion

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