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Diversification of molecular pattern recognition in bacterial NLR-like proteins
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1038/s41467-024-54214-0
Abstract
Antiviral STANDs (Avs) are bacterial anti-phage proteins that are evolutionarily related to immune pattern recognition receptors of the NLR family. Following recognition of a conserved phage protein, Avs proteins exhibit cellular toxicity and abort phage propagation by killing the infected cell. Type 2 Avs proteins (Avs2) were suggested to recognize the large terminase subunit of the phage as a signature of phage infection. Here, we show that while Avs2 from Klebsiella pneumoniae (KpAvs2) can be activated when heterologously co-expressed with the terminase of phage SECphi18, during infection in vivo KpAvs2 recognizes a different phage protein, named KpAvs2-stimulating protein 1 (Ksap1). We show that KpAvs2 directly binds Ksap1 to become activated, and that phages mutated in Ksap1 can escape KpAvs2 defense despite encoding an intact terminase. Our results exemplify the evolutionary diversification of molecular pattern recognition in bacterial Avs2 proteins, and highlight that pattern recognition during infection can differ from results obtained using heterologous co-expression assays.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Béchon, N., Tal, N., Stokar-Avihail, A., Melamed, S., Amitai, G., & Sorek, R.
- Affiliations
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Sorek, Rotem
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2024-01-31
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 9860-9860
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11564622
- OpenAlex
- W4404345944
- Cited by
- 23
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 3
- FWCI
- 6.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (464312965, SPP2330)
- Israel Science Foundation (MAPATS 2720/22)
- Azrieli Foundation
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Virology › Bacteriophages and microbial interactions
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Invertebrate Immune Response Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Keywords
- Klebsiella pneumoniae, phage defense, receptor activation
- MeSH terms
- NLR Proteins, Bacterial Proteins, Bacteriophages, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Protein Binding, Viral Proteins, Receptors, Pattern Recognition
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