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The synaptonemal complex aligns meiotic chromosomes by wetting
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1126/sciadv.adt5675 · Paper page
Abstract
During meiosis, the parental chromosomes are drawn together to enable exchange of genetic information. Chromosomes are aligned through the assembly of a conserved interface, the synaptonemal complex, composed of a central region that forms between two parallel chromosomal backbones called axes. Here we identify the axis-central region interface in C. elegans , containing a conserved positive patch on the axis component HIM-3 and the C-terminus of the central region protein SYP-5. Crucially, the canonical ultrastructure of the synaptonemal complex is altered upon weakening this interface. We developed a thermodynamic model that recapitulates our experimental observations, indicating that the liquid-like central region can assemble by wetting the axes without active energy consumption. More broadly, our data show that condensation drives tightly regulated nuclear reorganization during sexual reproduction.
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
From conservation to adaptation: understanding the synaptonemal complex's evolutionary dynamics.
Williams, S., & Hawley, R. (2025) · Current Opinion in Genetics and Development · doi:10.1016/j.gde.2025.102349 · Cited by 10
Identification of the Polo-like kinase substrate required for homologous synapsis
Gold, A. L., Hurlock, M. E., Guevara, A. M., Isenberg, L. Y. Z., & Kim, Y. (2024) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.202408092 · Cited by 4
“Moreover, recent evidence indicates that the recruitment of meiotic HORMA domain proteins to SC polycomplexes in the rec-8; coh-3 coh-4 mutant depends on the basic residues on HIM-3 and that HIM-3 directly interacts with the phosphorylated C-terminal tail of SYP-5 (Gordon et al., 2024, Preprint ).”
Zipping up the Synaptonemal Complex: Pathways to Homologous Chromosome Synapsis
Gold, A. L., & Kim, Y. (2025) · Bioessays · doi:10.1002/bies.70097 · Cited by 3
“PhosphorylationofSYP-5/6promotestheir electrostatic interactions with a positively charged patch within the chromosome axes, thereby allowing SC assembly between homologous chromosome pairs [20, 130].”
Chromosome movements in meiotic prophase: regulatory mechanisms and biological roles
Zhao, L., & Gao, J.-M. (2026) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2026.1911284 · Cited by 1
Structure and function of the synaptonemal complex
Cesar, B. I., & Kim, Y. (2026) · Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.202511222
Nucleolar Cdc14 Splitting Reflects Recombination Context and Meiotic Chromosome Dynamics
Rodríguez-Jiménez, P., Alonso-Ramos, P., Acosta, I., Álvarez-Melo, D., & Carballo, J. A. (2025) · bioRxiv · doi:10.3390/ijms27020888
“In parallel, conserved regulators diffuse within the SC at rates compatible with transmitting regulatory information over chromosomal distances, and wetting-like assembly of the SC central region can organize axis-associated compartments and their mechanical couplings [5–8].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Gordon, S. G., Rodriguez, A. A., Gu, Y., Corbett, K. D., Lee, C. F., & Rog, O.
- Affiliations
- University of Utah (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Rog, Ofer
- Venue
- Science Advances
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2024-08-08
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- eadt5675-eadt5675
- ISSN
- 2375-2548 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11864179
- OpenAlex
- W4407948762
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 67
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2
- FWCI
- 2.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Science Advances (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (OD010440, P40OD010440)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (R35GM144121, K12GM068524, R35GM128804)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Microtubule and mitosis dynamics
- Keywords
- synaptonemal complex, wettability, liquid-liquid phase separation, charge reversal mutations, thermodynamic modeling, condensin, nuclear reorganization, Caenorhabditis elegans, meiosis
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