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Pioneer transcription factors in cell reprogramming

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Iwafuchi-Doi, Makiko, Zaret, Kenneth S.·2014·Genes & Development

Abstract

A subset of eukaryotic transcription factors possesses the remarkable ability to reprogram one type of cell into another. The transcription factors that reprogram cell fate are invariably those that are crucial for the initial cell programming in embryonic development. To elicit cell programming or reprogramming, transcription factors must be able to engage genes that are developmentally silenced and inappropriate for expression in the original cell. Developmentally silenced genes are typically embedded in “closed” chromatin that is covered by nucleosomes and not hypersensitive to nuclease probes such as DNase I. Biochemical and genomic studies have shown that transcription factors with the highest reprogramming activity often have the special ability to engage their target sites on nucleosomal DNA, thus behaving as “pioneer factors” to initiate events in closed chromatin. Other reprogramming factors appear dependent on pioneer factors for engaging nucleosomes and closed chromatin. However, certain genomic domains in which nucleosomes are occluded by higher-order chromatin structures, such as in heterochromatin, are resistant to pioneer factor binding. Understanding the means by which pioneer factors can engage closed chromatin and how heterochromatin can prevent such binding promises to advance our ability to reprogram cell fates at will and is the topic of this review.

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Metadata

Authors
Iwafuchi-Doi, M., & Zaret, K. S.
Venue
Genes & Development
Published
2014-12-15
Volume
28
Issue
24
Pages
2679-2692
ISSN
  • 0890-9369 (ISSN-L)
  • 1549-5477
OpenAlex
W2144091055
Cited by
597
References
23
Type
posted content
Language
en
Open access
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Iwafuchi-Doi, M., & Zaret, K. S. (2014). Pioneer transcription factors in cell reprogramming. Genes & Development. https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.253443.114

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