Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 394

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Electromagnetic Waves in Gravitational Fields

Plebanski, Jerzy·1960·Physical Review

Abstract

The scattering of plane electromagnetic waves by the gravitational field of an isolated physical system is studied. On the level of the geometrical optics approximation the general theory of light rays is formulated. In particular, the generalized formula for the Einstein deflection of light rays is obtained. On the level of the vectorial optics the problem of polarization is examined in detail. The formula obtained, describing a rotation of the plane of polarization due to the presence of the gravitational field, admits a direct geometrical interpretation. The theory is applied to the rotating body and a system of point masses. The physical results established concerning the asymptotic behavior of the electromagnetic waves are independent of the coordinate system used in the computations.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1103/physrev.118.1396

Cites

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cited by

See all 394

Metadata

Authors
Plebanski, J.
Venue
Physical Review
Published
1960-06-01
Volume
118
Issue
5
Pages
1396-1408
ISSN
0031-899X (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1977356384
Cited by
394
References
0
FWCI
1.51
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Electromagnetic Waves in Gravitational Fields. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrev.118.1396
The paper
Plebanski, J. (1960). Electromagnetic Waves in Gravitational Fields. Physical Review. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrev.118.1396

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.