Analogue Gravity
Open accessAbstract
Analogue models of (and for) gravity have a long and distinguished history dating back to the earliest years of general relativity. In this review article we will discuss the history, aims, results, and future prospects for the various analogue models. We start the discussion by presenting a particularly simple example of an analogue model, before exploring the rich history and complex tapestry of models discussed in the literature. The last decade in particular has seen a remarkable and sustained development of analogue gravity ideas, leading to some hundreds of published articles, a workshop, two books, and this review article. Future prospects for the analogue gravity programme also look promising, both on the experimental front (where technology is rapidly advancing) and on the theoretical front (where variants of analogue models can be used as a springboard for radical attacks on the problem of quantum gravity).
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Brout, R., Massar, S., Parentani, R., & Spindel, P. (1995) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.52.4559 · Cited by 248 · see citing works
Effects of topological defects and local curvature on the electronic properties of planar graphene
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“Remarkably the last years have seen a large wealth of work in testing the effects of such dispersion relations and in particular strong constraints have been cast by making use of high energy astrophysics observations (see for example [3, 82, 195, 194, 196, 197, 261, 355] and references therein).”
BackgroundSelf-citationDirty black holes: Thermodynamics and horizon structure
Visser, M. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.46.2445 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Self-citationEinstein-æther gravity: a status report
Ted Jacobson, A. (2008) · From Quantum to Emergent Gravity: Theory and Phenomenology (QG-Ph) · doi:10.22323/1.043.0020 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Hawking radiation in different coordinate settings: Complex paths approach
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Inflation with a Planck-scale frequency cutoff
Niemeyer, J. C. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.123502 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Gibbons-Hawking Effect in the Sonic de Sitter Space-Time of an Expanding Bose-Einstein-Condensed Gas
Fedichev, P. O., & Fischer, U. R. (2003) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.91.240407 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Corley, S., & Ted Jacobson, A. (1999) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.59.124011 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Perturbation spectrum in inflation with a cutoff
Kempf, A., & Niemeyer, J. C. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.64.103501 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
Mode generating mechanism in inflation with a cutoff
Kempf, A. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.083514 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Dependence of the spectra of fluctuations in inflationary cosmology on trans-Planckian physics
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Nonlinear electrodynamics and the acceleration of the Universe
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Nonlocal density correlations as a signature of Hawking radiation from acoustic black holes
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Quantum Analogues: From Phase Transitions to Black Holes and Cosmology
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Fate of gravitational collapse in semiclassical gravity
Barceló, C., Liberati, S., Sonego, S., & Visser, M. (2008) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.77.044032 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Self-citationLectures on the Theory of Cosmological Perturbations
Brandenberger, R. (2004) · Lecture notes in physics · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-40918-2_5 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Trans-Planckian dispersion and scale invariance of inflationary perturbations
Niemeyer, J. C., & Parentani, R. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.64.101301 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
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Optics of nonuniformly moving media
Leonhardt, U., & Piwnicki, P. (1999) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.60.4301 · Cited by 198 · see citing works
Quantum graphity: A model of emergent locality
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A Primer for Black Hole Quantum Physics
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Black-hole radiation in Bose-Einstein condensates
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Universality of the Hawking effect
Unruh, W. G., & Schützhold, R. (2005) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.71.024028 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Black hole radiation in the presence of a short distance cutoff
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Shear Flow and Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability in Superfluids
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Faster-than-c Signals, Special Relativity, and Causality
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Self-citationQuasinormal modes and classical wave propagation in analogue black holes
Berti, E., Cardoso, V., & Lemos, J. P. S. (2004) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.70.124006 · Cited by 184 · see citing works
Nonlinear electrodynamics and FRW cosmology
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Robustness of the inflationary perturbation spectrum to trans-Planckian physics
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Probing semiclassical analog gravity in Bose-Einstein condensates with widely tunable interactions
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Self-citationStochastic Gravity: Theory and Applications
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Hawking Radiation in an Electromagnetic Waveguide?
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Sakharov's induced gravity: a modern perspective
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Self-citationQuantum simulation of cosmic inflation in two-component Bose-Einstein condensates
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Stochastic Gravity: Theory and Applications
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Optimal Quantum Estimation of the Unruh-Hawking Effect
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Trans-Planckian Redshifts and the Substance of the Space-Time River
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Stability of stationary, spherical accretion onto a Schwarzschild black hole
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On the gravitational field acting as an optical medium
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Production and decay of evolving horizons
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Self-citationAnalogue Models of and for Gravity
Visser, M., Barceló, C., & Liberati, S. (2002) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1023/a:1020180409214 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Self-citationc is the speed of light, isn’t it?
Ellis, G. F. R., & Uzan, J.-P. (2005) · American Journal of Physics · doi:10.1119/1.1819929 · Cited by 157 · cited 2× · see citing works
“If one of these metric is interpreted as the “gravitational” metric and the other as the “photon” metric, then VSL cosmologies can be given a mathematically well-defined and precise meaning [28, 108].”
BackgroundREMARKS ON INFLATION AND NONCOMMUTATIVE GEOMETRY
Chu, C., GREENE, B. R., & Shiu, G. (2001) · Modern Physics Letters A · doi:10.1142/s0217732301005680 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Lorentz Violation: Motivation and New Constraints
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Self-citationQuantum Phase Transitions and the Failure of Classical General Relativity
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Simulation of a Panlevé-Gullstrand black hole in a thin 3He-A film
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The river model of black holes
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Event horizons and ergoregions in 3He
Ted Jacobson, A., & Воловик, Г. Е. (1998) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.58.064021 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Hawking Radiation from Acoustic Black Holes, Short Distance and Back-Reaction EffectsPreprint
Balbinot, R., Fabbri, A., Fagnocchi, S., & Parentani, R. (2006) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0601079 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Doran, C. (2000) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.61.067503 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
The causal set approach to quantum gravityPreprint
Joe Henson, C. (2006) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0601121 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Conformal invariance of black hole temperature
Ted Jacobson, A., & Kang, G. (1993) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/10/11/002 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Post-Newtonian parameters and constraints on Einstein-aether theory
Foster, B., & Jacobson, T. (2005) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.73.064015 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Hawking Radiation from an Acoustic Black Hole on an Ion Ring
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Relic dark energy from the trans-Planckian regime
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Hawking Radiation in Sonic Black Holes
Giovanazzi, S. (2005) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.94.061302 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Surface density of spacetime degrees of freedom from equipartition law in theories of gravity
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ON SIGNATURES OF SHORT DISTANCE PHYSICS IN THE COSMIC MICROWAVE BACKGROUND
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Stationary metrics and optical Zermelo-Randers-Finsler geometry
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Self-citationQuantum physics of simple optical instruments
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Remarks on the Notions of General Covariance and Background Independence
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Loop-generated bounds on changes to the graviton dispersion relation
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Hawking Radiation without Black Hole Entropy
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Self-citationGeneration of Waves by a Rotating Body
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La mécanique classique et la théorie de la relativité
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Electronic properties of curved graphene sheets
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Causal Sets: Discrete Gravity (Notes for the Valdivia Summer School)Preprint
Sorkin, R. D. (2003) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.gr-qc/0309009 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
On the origin of the outgoing black hole modes
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The Kerr spacetime: A brief introductionPreprint
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Self-citationHow the change in horizon area drives black hole evaporation
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How far are we from the quantum theory of gravity?Preprint
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Flagged first, then by citations
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“While many aspects of dynamics in spacetimes with positive curvature have been emulated in experiments (for reviews see for instance [7, 8, 9]), for spacetimes with negative curvature there are significantly less examples.”
- Authors
- Barceló, C., Liberati, S., & Visser, M.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (IT)
- Victoria University of Wellington (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Barceló, Carlos
- Venue
- Living Reviews in Relativity
- Published
- 2005-12
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 12-12
- ISSN
- 1433-8351 (ISSN-L)
- 2367-3613
- PMC
- PMC5255570
- OpenAlex
- W3037613900
- Cited by
- 1,163
- References
- 713
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 65 · 2024: 40 · 2023: 56 · 2022: 59 · 2021: 67 · 2020: 54 · 2019: 43 · 2018: 51 · 2017: 50 · 2016: 58 · 2015: 64 · 2014: 80 · 2013: 56 · 2012: 56
- FWCI
- 3.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- new_version (2011-05-11)
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Living Reviews in Relativity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Funders
- Royal Society
- Royal Society Te Apārangi
- Junta de Andalucía
- Marsden Fund
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Electrodynamics and Casimir Effect
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Keywords
- analogue gravity, general relativity, quantum gravity, tests of general relativity
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