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Black hole entropy in canonical quantum gravity and superstring theory
Open accessAbstract
In this paper the entropy of an eternal Schwarzschild black hole is studied in the limit of an infinite black hole mass. The problem is addressed from the point of view of both canonical quantum gravity and superstring theory. The entropy per unit area of a free scalar field propagating in a fixed black hole background is shown to be quadratically divergent near the horizon. It is shown that such quantum corrections to the entropy per unit area are equivalent to the quantum corrections to the gravitational coupling. Unlike field theory, superstring theory provides a set of identifiable configurations which give rise to the classical contribution to the entropy per unit area. These configurations can be understood as open superstrings with both ends attached to the horizon. The entropy per unit area is shown to be finite to all orders in superstring perturbation theory. The importance of these conclusions to the resolution of the problem of black hole information loss is reiterated.
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“In particular, in scenarios of gravity induced due to matter loops [221,222], the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is solely due to entanglement due to vacuum fluctuations [223][224][225], where the UV-cutoff dependence can be absorbed in a renormalization of Newton's constant [130].”
From Three-Dimensional Quantum Black Holes: A Primer (2024) · cites this paper as [130]
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“A simple way to resolve this paradox is to invoke the philosophy of black hole complementarity [254,255] which postulates that the violation cannot be observed operationally via a quantum complexity conjecture due to Harlow and Hayden [256]”
From Holographic spacetime, black holes and quantum error correcting codes: a review (2022) · cites this paper as [255]
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“and superluminal communication [10,11,12,13]”
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“In addition, the well-known statement that 'a black hole has no hair'-i.e., from a distance all black holes with the same charge and angular momentum look essentially alike - is now known to be not always true 91 -93 .”
From Ultimate physical limits to computation (2000) · cites this paper as [92]
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“Thence, the generalized entropy is UV finite and independent of the UV cutoff [130][131][132].”
From Three-Dimensional Quantum Black Holes: A Primer (2024) · cites this paper as [130]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Susskind, L., & Uglum, J.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- ORCID
- Susskind, Leonard
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1994-08-15
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2700-2711
- ISSN
- 0556-2821 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2174613881
- Cited by
- 754
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 41 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 32.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Statistical and Nonlinear Physics › Statistical Mechanics and Entropy
- Keywords
- black hole entropy, Schwarzschild black hole, canonical quantum gravity, superstring theory, quadratic divergences, open superstring, black hole information loss
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