The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Quantum gravity at a Lifshitz point
Open accessAbstract
We present a candidate quantum field theory of gravity with dynamical critical exponent equal to $z=3$ in the UV. (As in condensed-matter systems, $z$ measures the degree of anisotropy between space and time.) This theory, which at short distances describes interacting nonrelativistic gravitons, is power-counting renormalizable in $3+1$ dimensions. When restricted to satisfy the condition of detailed balance, this theory is intimately related to topologically massive gravity in three dimensions, and the geometry of the Cotton tensor. At long distances, this theory flows naturally to the relativistic value $z=1$, and could therefore serve as a possible candidate for a UV completion of Einstein's general relativity or an infrared modification thereof. The effective speed of light, the Newton constant and the cosmological constant all emerge from relevant deformations of the deeply nonrelativistic $z=3$ theory at short distances.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Role of Conformal Three-Geometry in the Dynamics of Gravitation
York, J. W. (1972) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.28.1082 · Cited by 1,392
Oscillatory approach to a singular point in the relativistic cosmology
Belinskii, V. A., Khalatnikov, I. M., & Lifshitz, E. M. (1970) · Advances in Physics · doi:10.1080/00018737000101171 · Cited by 1,341
Research works printed but not linked: 35
- S. Weinberg, 1980, General Relativity. An Einstein Centenary Survey
- 10.1016/0370-1573(85)90138-3 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1103/RevModPhys.49.435 · DOI · Paper page
- S.-K. Ma, 1976, Modern Theory of Critical Phenomena
- S. Sachdev, 1999, Quantum Phase Transitions
- E. M. Lifshitz, 1941, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 11, 255
- E. M. Lifshitz, 1941, Zh. Eksp. Teor. Fiz., 11, 269
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.35.1678 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.aop.2004.01.004 · DOI · Paper page
- P. M. Chaikin, 1995, Principles of Condensed Matter Physics, 10.1017/CBO9780511813467 · DOI · Paper page
- H. B. Lawson, Jr., 1974, Bull. Am. Math. Soc., 80, 369, 10.1090/S0002-9904-1974-13432-4 · DOI
- C. Godbillon, 1991, Feuilletages
- I. Moerdijk, 2003, Introduction to Foliations and Lie Groupoids, 10.1017/CBO9780511615450 · DOI
- 10.1016/0550-3213(86)90592-4 · DOI
- 10.1016/0550-3213(88)90358-6 · DOI
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.26.1656 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1063/1.1665945 · DOI
- G. Parisi, 1981, Sci. Sin., 24, 483
- M. Namiki, 1992, Stochastic Quantization, 10.1007/978-3-540-47217-9 · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-47217-9
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.48.975 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0003-4916(82)90164-6 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1088/0264-9381/7/9/012 · DOI
- 10.1016/0370-2693(92)90270-E · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(92)90270-e
- 10.1103/PhysRevD.16.953 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0550-3213(82)90444-8 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0550-3213(82)90481-3 · DOI
- C. Teitelboim, 1980, General Relativity and Gravitation
- C. J. Isham, 1976, Proc. R. Soc. A, 351, 209, 10.1098/rspa.1976.0138 · DOI
- 10.1080/00018738200101428 · DOI · Paper page
- M. Henneaux, 1979, Bull. Soc. Math. Belg., 31, 47
- 10.1103/PhysRevD.78.046003 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1103/PhysRevLett.101.061601 · DOI · Paper page
- P. W. Anderson, 1984, Basic Notions of Condensed Matter Physics
- 10.1016/0550-3213(83)90081-0 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1088/1126-6708/2008/04/082 · DOI · Paper page
Cited by
The Confrontation between General Relativity and Experiment
Will, C. M. (2014) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2014-4 · Cited by 3,996
Theory and Experiment in Gravitational Physics
Will, C. M. (2018) · doi:10.1017/9781316338612 · Cited by 3,637
Bamba, K., Capozziello, S., Nojiri, S., & Odintsov, S. D. (2012) · Astrophysics and Space Science · doi:10.1007/s10509-012-1181-8 · Cited by 2,387
Barceló, C., Liberati, S., & Visser, M. (2005) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2005-12 · Cited by 1,163
de Rham, C. (2014) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2014-7 · Cited by 1,120
Metadata
- Authors
- Hořava, P.
- Venue
- Physical Review D
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2009-04-06
- Volume
- 79
- Issue
- 8
- ISSN
- 0556-2821 (ISSN-L)
- 1550-7998
- 1550-2368
- OpenAlex
- W2158117921
- Cited by
- 2,666
- References
- 2
- FWCI
- 161.44
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Quantum gravity at a Lifshitz point. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrevd.79.084008
- The paper
- Hořava, P. (2009). Quantum gravity at a Lifshitz point. Physical Review D. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.79.084008
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
