Angular momentum dynamics of a paraxial beam in a uniaxial crystal
Abstract
The conservation law governing the dynamics of the radiation angular momentum component along the optical axis (z axis) of a uniaxial crystal is derived from Maxwell's equations; the existence of this law is physically related to the rotational invariance of the crystal around the optical axis. Specializing the obtained general expression for the z component of the angular momentum flux to the case of a paraxial beam propagating along the optical axis, we find that the expression is the same as the corresponding one for a paraxial beam propagating in an isotropic medium of refractive index n(o) (ordinary refractive index of the crystal); besides, we show that the flux is conserved during propagation and that it decomposes into the sum of an intrinsic and an orbital contribution. Investigating their dynamics we demonstrate that they are coupled and, during propagation, an exchange between them exists. This exchange asymptotically exhibits a saturation process leading, for z--> infinity, the intrinsic part to vanish and the orbital one equates the total amount of angular momentum flux. As an example, the evolution of the intrinsic and the orbital contributions to the flux is investigated in the case of circularly polarized beams. Besides, the radiation angular momentum stored in the crystal is also investigated, in the paraxial regime, showing that it is simply given by the product of the total angular momentum flux by the time the radiation takes in passing through the crystal.
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Coupling transversely-propagating spinning light to evanescent tails of surface or waveguide modes results in robust spin-controlled unidirectional propagation of those modes.
“(iv) Any surface or waveguide mode possesses evanescent tails. Strikingly, coupling transversely-propagating spinning light to these evanescent tails results in a robust spincontrolled unidirectional propagation of the surface or waveguide modes 45- 52 .”
From Spin–orbit interactions of light (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
Properly designing anisotropic and inhomogeneous structures allows considerable enhancement of SOI effects and highly efficient spin-dependent shaping and control of light.
“Moreover, properly designing anisotropic and inhomogeneous structures (e.g., metasurfaces or liquid crystals) allows considerable enhancement of the SOI effects and highly efficient spindependent shaping and control of light 37- 45 .”
From Spin–orbit interactions of light (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
Several experiments and numerical simulations demonstrated remarkable spin-controlled unidirectional coupling between circularly-polarized incident light and transversely-propagating surface or waveguide modes.
“Recently, several experiments and numerical simulations demonstrated remarkable spin-controlled unidirectional coupling between circularly-polarized incident light and transversely-propagating surface or waveguide modes 4 5 -5 2,125-1 28 , see Figs. 4b,c.”
From Spin–orbit interactions of light (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
Periodic crystal-like structures with breaking spatial inversion symmetry result in spin-dependent spectra of photonic quasi-particles.
“while periodic crystal-like structures with breaking spatialinversion symmetry result in spin-dependent spectra of photonic quasi-particles 43- 45,124 .”
From Spin–orbit interactions of light (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
In all systems studied, the incident light propagated along the transverse y-axis carrying usual SAM depending on its helicity: Sy inc ∝ σ.
“Indeed, in all systems 4 5 -5 2,125-1 28 the incident light propagated along the transverse y -axis carrying usual SAM depending on its helicity: S y inc ∝σ .”
From Spin–orbit interactions of light (2015) · cites this paper as [45]
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Spin-orbit interactions of light
Bliokh, K. Y., Rodriguez-Fortuno, F. J., Nori, F., & Zayats, A. V. (2015) · arXiv
- Authors
- Ciattoni, A., Cincotti, G., & Palma, C.
- Affiliations
- Roma Tre University (IT)
- Venue
- Physical Review E
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2003-03-25
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 036618-036618
- ISSN
- 1063-651X (ISSN-L)
- 1095-3787
- OpenAlex
- W2059511987
- Cited by
- 81
- References
- 14
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 0.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Orbital Angular Momentum in Optics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum and Classical Electrodynamics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
- Keywords
- angular momentum conservation, paraxial beams, uniaxial crystals, orbital angular momentum, spin angular momentum, angular momentum flux, circularly polarized light, rotation invariance, angular momentum exchange, birefringent crystals
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