The DOI matches its Crossref record; 48 of the 48 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Is the Gravitational-Wave Ringdown a Probe of the Event Horizon?
Open accessAbstract
It is commonly believed that the ringdown signal from a binary coalescence provides a conclusive proof for the formation of an event horizon after the merger. This expectation is based on the assumption that the ringdown waveform at intermediate times is dominated by the quasinormal modes of the final object. We point out that this assumption should be taken with great care, and that very compact objects with a light ring will display a similar ringdown stage, even when their quasinormal-mode spectrum is completely different from that of a black hole. In other words, universal ringdown waveforms indicate the presence of light rings, rather than of horizons. Only precision observations of the late-time ringdown signal, where the differences in the quasinormal-mode spectrum eventually show up, can be used to rule out exotic alternatives to black holes and to test quantum effects at the horizon scale.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Black Hole Merger
Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., et al. (2016) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.116.061102 · Cited by 14,151
Advanced Virgo: a second-generation interferometric gravitational wave detector
Acernese, F., Agathos, M., Agatsuma, K., Aisa, D., Allemandou, N., Allocca, A., Amarni, J., Astone, P., Balestri, G., Ballardin, G., et al. (2015) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/2/024001 · Cited by 4,050
The LIGO Scientific Collaboration, Aasi, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T., Abernathy, M. R., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., et al. (2015) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/7/074001 · Cited by 3,356
Gravitational Radiation from Post-Newtonian Sources and Inspiralling Compact Binaries
Blanchet, L. (2014) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-2014-2 · Cited by 2,224
Quasinormal modes of black holes and black branes
Berti, E., Cardoso, V., & Starinets, A. O. (2009) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/26/16/163001 · Cited by 2,095
Self-citationQuasi-Normal Modes of Stars and Black Holes
Kokkotas, K. D., & Schmidt, B. G. (1999) · Living Reviews in Relativity · doi:10.12942/lrr-1999-2 · Cited by 2,055
Wormholes, Time Machines, and the Weak Energy Condition
Morris, M. S., Thorne, K. S., & Yurtsever, U. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.1446 · Cited by 1,609
Quasinormal modes of black holes: From astrophysics to string theory
Konoplya, R. A., & Zhidenko, A. (2011) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.83.793 · Cited by 1,532
Testing general relativity with present and future astrophysical observations
Berti, E., Barausse, E., Cardoso, V., Gualtieri, L., Pani, P., Sperhake, U., Stein, L. C., Wex, N., Yagi, K., Baker, T., et al. (2015) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/24/243001 · Cited by 1,477
Self-citationBlack Holes: Complementarity or Firewalls?
Almheiri, A., Marolf, D., Polchinski, J., & Sully, J. (2012) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1207.3123 · Cited by 1,471
Cited by
Echoes from the abyss: Tentative evidence for Planck-scale structure at black hole horizons
Abedi, J., Dykaar, H., & Afshordi, N. (2017) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.96.082004 · Cited by 409
Born–Infeld inspired modifications of gravity
Beltrán Jiménez, J., Heisenberg, L., Olmo, G. J., & Rubiera-Garcia, D. (2018) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/j.physrep.2017.11.001 · Cited by 292
Okyay, M., & Övgün, A. (2022) · Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics · doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2022/01/009 · Cited by 259
Holdom, B., & Ren, J. (2017) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.95.084034 · Cited by 159
Bambi, C., & Stojkovic, D. (2021) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe7050136 · Cited by 109
Metadata
- Authors
- Cardoso, V., Franzin, E., & Pani, P.
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2016-04-27
- Volume
- 116
- Issue
- 17
- Pages
- 171101-171101
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W2288107502
- Cited by
- 819
- References
- 48
- FWCI
- 39.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Is the Gravitational-Wave Ringdown a Probe of the Event Horizon? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1103/physrevlett.116.171101
- The paper
- Cardoso, V., Franzin, E., & Pani, P. (2016). Is the Gravitational-Wave Ringdown a Probe of the Event Horizon? Physical Review Letters. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.116.171101
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
