The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 6 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
String-Generated Gravity Models
Abstract
Expansion of supersymmetric string theory suggests that the leading quadratic curvature correction to the Einstein action is the Gauss-Bonnet invariant. We show that this model has both flat and anti-de Sitter space as solutions, but that the cosmological branch is unstable, because the graviton becomes a ghost there: The theory solves its own cosmological problem. The general static spherically symmetric solution is exhibited; it is asymptotically Schwarzschild. The sign of the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient determines whether there is a normal event horizon (for the string-generated sign) or a naked singularity. We discuss the effects of higher-curvature corrections and of an explicit cosmological term on stability.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
The paper analyzes the effective gravity theory given by the Einstein action plus the leading quadratic curvature correction, the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, suggested by supersymmetric string expansion. It finds that the asymptotically flat branch is viable, while the anti-de Sitter cosmological branch is unstable because the graviton becomes a ghost.
Key findings
- The Gauss-Bonnet combination is the only quadratic curvature term that avoids ghosts near flat space; the model has both flat and anti-de Sitter solutions, with positive Gauss-Bonnet coefficient corresponding to anti-de Sitter space.
- The anti-de Sitter branch is intrinsically unstable: its graviton excitations are ghosts, and a positive-energy matter source leads to a negative-mass Schwarzschild–anti-de Sitter solution in which test particles are repelled.
- The general static spherically symmetric solution is exhibited and is asymptotically Schwarzschild; the sign of the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient determines whether there is a normal event horizon (for the string-generated sign) or a naked singularity.
- With an explicit cosmological term, the effective cosmological constant is shifted; the larger value is unstable and the lower one stable, and if \(4\Lambda\kappa^2 > n(n+1)\) the theory is undefined. For \(D=5\), horizon existence depends on whether \(2GM-\kappa\) is positive.
Methods
- Theoretical analysis of the effective action in \(D=n+2\) dimensions, combining the Einstein term with the Gauss-Bonnet invariant, using form/vielbein methods and field equations.
- The paper studies small perturbations about flat and anti-de Sitter backgrounds to identify ghost behavior, and derives general static spherically symmetric solutions in Schwarzschild gauge.
- It also examines the effects of an explicit cosmological term and discusses higher-curvature corrections qualitatively; no empirical data or numerical simulations are used.
Limitations
- The paper states that unresolved matters include the effect of compactification on the \(D>4\) constructions, the role of scalar and antisymmetric tensor fields and the Chern-Simons term, the canonical formulation, and a broader understanding of allowed classical geometries.
- It states that higher-order questions are too early to speculate on, and that the scalar field neglected in the analysis will play a role in these questions.
- It also notes that it has not considered whether semiclassical tunneling modifications occur through the existence of two branches of solutions. Evident from the text: the study is a classical effective-field-theory analysis, not a full string-theoretic treatment.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
0 of 6 cited sources checked · 0 supported · 0 flagged
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“(For example, a cubic Gauss-Bonnet term with γ2 > α²κ/4 yields no real roots and hence no cosmological branch.”
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The sign of the Gauss-Bonnet coefficient determines whether there is a normal event horizon (for the stringgenerated sign) or a naked singularity.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“because the graviton becomes a ghost there”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
“small excitations near the anti-de Sitter branch of the Einstein plus Gauss-Bonnet theory are precisely those of ghost cosmological Einstein gravity.”
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We show that this model has both flat and anti-de Sitter space as solutions”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
“They are solved by the maximally symmetric spaces”
Load-bearingStrength:boosted· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
In the paper
“The plane-fronted parallel-ray metric,10 although globally singular, is the nearest thing to a graviton in the Einstein theory; it remains a solution here.”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [10]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Not matched
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The general static spherically symmetric solution is exhibited; it is asymptotically Schwarzschild.”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
“i.e., Schwarzschild with positive gravitational mass or Schwarzschild-de Sitter with negative gravitational mass”
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Note that if 4Λκ² is greater than n (n + 1) the theory is undefined.”
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear? Based: unclearThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Although Einstein (G Gµuv = 0) spaces are not generally solutions of (2)”
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesThe paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“but that the cosmological branch is unstable”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
“these solutions turn out to be intrinsically unstable”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
None of the sources cited for this claim could be matched to a paper in Crossref, so there is nothing to check it against.
In the paper
“Expansion of supersymmetric string theory suggests that the leading quadratic curvature correction to the Einstein action is the Gauss-Bonnet invariant.”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · hedged
“If, like the string itself, its slope expansion is to be ghost free, the quadratic term, if any, must be the Gauss-Bonnet combination, which was first proposed² for this reason and appears to be present³ in the heterotic string.4”
What the sources say
- Not matchedcites [2]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [3]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
- Not matchedcites [4]
Couldn’t be matched to a paper in Crossref, so it can’t be checked.
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passes- Also stated in: § S. Deser · hedged
- It may state two separate claims as one. 10
- Probably not a substantial claim. 1
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“These will in general lead to ghosts near flat space (hµv≡ gμv- ηµv << 1) since their metric variations involve fourth time derivatives. By contrast, I2 only contributes terms quadratic in hμv in the field equations”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For if α were negative, the metric would become imaginary at rⁿ+1 = 8||κMG. This is a real singularity, since the curvature invariants have branch singularities there; furthermore the singularity is naked when, as is possible, it occurs outside the event horizon, goo(rH) = 0.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“the larger value will be unstable, the lower one stable.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Following our discussion of the quadratic case, λ will be determined by a polynomial equation, f(λ) =λ(1 +ακλ +γ₂λ²κ+ ·.·)=0, where the γ are essentially the coefficients of the higher terms.”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · hedged
“To the extent that there are real roots, the slopes at the intercepts will have alternating signs and therefore the perand one should consider also generic turbations δG μα will appear with both signs.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · hedged
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“underlines the fact that the Gauss-Bonnet term does not affect the propagator, and in particular does not distort plane-wave solutions.”
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedSingle caseTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes? Load-bearing: unclear✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“despite being quadratic in curvature, the action depends only on first time derivatives; hence the number of degrees of freedom is the same as in Einstein gravity, and only the definition of the canonical momentum will change.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“For D = 5, the existence of a horizon depends on whether 2GM — κ is positive, which is the case for macroscopic masses. Otherwise, there is a naked conical singularity at the origin.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Near flat space, we simply recover the ordinary graviton,”
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
“There is no contribution from the Gauss-Bonnet term because the background curvature vanishes.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § S. Deser · plain
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“We also noted that cubic or higher corrections will only reinforce the unique physically acceptable nature of the asymptotically flat branch, since they imply unavoidable ghosts in the anti-de Sitter branch.”
Strength:plain· not yet calibratedCausal:direct· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✗ Load-bearing: fails✗ Based: failsProbably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. The paper may give no reason why it holds.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“What we expect here is that the total energy will be positive for the asymptotically flat solutions, but not for the anti-de Sitter branch.”
Tests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
A conclusion the paper draws from its own results — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“While the value of rH at which the horizon occurs differs from the Einstein one, the qualitative properties of the geometry are identical. The usual Kruskal completion procedure goes through just as in Schwarzschild, and Hawking radiation will still be present.”
Load-bearingStrength:plain· not yet calibratedTests✓ Asserted: passes✓ Checkable: passes✓ Load-bearing: passes✓ Based: passesIt may state two separate claims as one.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Lovelock theories admit static, maximally symmetric black hole solutions with metric of the form [14-17] Σ = -+ + ds f r dt f r dr r d ( ) ( ) , (5.1) 2 2 1 2 2 2”
From Causality and hyperbolicity of Lovelock theories (2014) · cites this paper as [14]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
The negative-mass branch is called both de Sitter and anti-de Sitter
MinorThe paper consistently identifies the cosmological branch as anti-de Sitter, including when describing its negative-mass solution, but calls the same asymptotic solution Schwarzschild-de Sitter here.
“i.e., Schwarzschild with positive gravitational mass or Schwarzschild-de Sitter with negative gravitational mass”
“a positive-energy matter source Tµν leads to a negative-mass Schwarzschild-anti-de Sitter solution”
Citations
Cites
The Einstein Tensor and Its Generalizations
Lovelock, D. (1971) · Journal of Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1665613 · Cited by 2,945
Gross, D. J., Harvey, J. A., Martinec, E. J., & Rohm, R. (1985) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.54.502 · Cited by 1,603
Curvature squared terms and string theories
Zwiebach, B. (1985) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(85)91616-8 · Cited by 1,455
Heterotic string theory (I). The free heterotic string
Gross, D. J., Harvey, J. A., Martinec, E. J., & Rohm, R. (1985) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(85)90394-3 · Cited by 1,319
Stability of gravity with a cosmological constant
Abbott, L. F., & Deser, S. (1982) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(82)90049-9 · Cited by 1,075
Self-citationUnified Geometric Theory of Gravity and Supergravity
MacDowell, S. W., & Mansouri, F. (1977) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.38.739 · Cited by 737
Infinity cancellations in SO(32) superstring theory
Green, M., & Schwarz, J. H. (1985) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(85)90816-0 · Cited by 385
The positivity of gravitational energy and global supersymmetry
HULL, C. M. (1983) · Communications in Mathematical Physics · doi:10.1007/bf01216185 · Cited by 81
Witten's expression for gravitational energy
Horowitz, G. T., & Strominger, A. (1983) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.27.2793 · Cited by 31
Positive classical gravitational energy from classical supergravity
Deser, S. (1983) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.27.2805 · Cited by 22
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- M. B. Green, 1984, Phys. Lett., 149B, 177
- B. Zwiebach, 1985, Symposium on Anomalies
- R. Nepomechie, Phys. Rev. D
- S. Deser, Proceedings of the Workshop on Supersymmetry and its Applications, Cambridge, 1985
- J. Ehlers, 1962, Gravitation
- D. G. Boulware, Quantum Field Theory and Quantum Statistics
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 701–800 of 1,577
Black hole thermodynamics, conformal couplings, and R 2 terms
Chernicoff, M., Galante, M., Giribet, G. E., Goya, A., Leoni, M., Oliva, J., & Perez-Nadal, G. (2016) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep06(2016)159 · Cited by 22
Pavluchenko, S. A. (2017) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5056-6 · Cited by 22
Quintessence background for 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black holes
Shah, H., Ahmad, Z., & Shah, H. H. (2021) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2021.136383 · Cited by 22
A critique on some aspects of GUP effective metric
Ong, Y. C. (2023) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-023-11360-x · Cited by 22
Entropy functionals and c -theorems from the second law
Bhattacharjee, S., Bhattacharyya, A., Sarkar, S., & Sinha, A. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.93.104045 · Cited by 22
The entropy sum of (A)dS black holes in four and higher dimensions
Xu, W., Wang, J., & Meng, X.-H. (2014) · International Journal of Modern Physics A · doi:10.1142/s0217751x14501723 · Cited by 22
BTZ-like black holes in even dimensional Lovelock theories
Canfora, F., & Giacomini, A. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.82.024022 · Cited by 22
Homogeneous black strings in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet with Horndeski hair and beyond
Cisterna, A., Fuenzalida, S., Lagos, M., & Oliva, J. (2018) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6428-2 · Cited by 22
Extended phase space thermodynamics of regular charged AdS black hole in Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Nam, C. H. (2019) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-019-2581-7 · Cited by 22
The attractor mechanism in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Anber, M. M., & Kastor, D. A. (2007) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2007/10/084 · Cited by 22
Inflation in scalar-tensor gravity with quadratic Gauss-Bonnet self-interactions
Gasperini, M., & Massimo Giovannini, A. (1992) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(92)91876-b · Cited by 22
Universal Kounterterms in Lovelock AdS gravity
Kofinas, G., & Olea, R. (2008) · Fortschritte der Physik · doi:10.1002/prop.200810565 · Cited by 22
Mass in Lovelock unique vacuum gravity theories
Arenas-Henriquez, G., Mann, R. B., Mišković, O., & Rodrigo Olea, A. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.100.064038 · Cited by 22
Higher dimensional black holes with a generalized gravitational action
Matyjasek, J., Telecka, M., & Tryniecki, D. (2006) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.73.124016 · Cited by 21
Canonical analysis and stability of Lanczos–Lovelock gravity
Deser, S., & Franklin, J. (2012) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/29/7/072001 · Cited by 21
Self-citationDistorted five-dimensional vacuum black hole
Abdolrahimi, S., Shoom, A. A., & Page, D. N. (2010) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.82.124039 · Cited by 21
Thin-Shell Wormholes in Einstein and Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet Theories of Gravity
Kokubu, T., & Harada, T. (2020) · Universe · doi:10.3390/universe6110197 · Cited by 21
Hawking-Page transition with reentrance and triple point in Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Cui, Y.-Z., Xu, W., & Zhu, B. (2023) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.107.044048 · Cited by 21
Self-gravitating anisotropic compact objects in 5D EGB gravity
Maurya, S. K., Singh, K. N., & Errehymy, A. (2022) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-02850-0 · Cited by 21
Noncommutative inspired 5D charged black hole in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet theory
Lekbich, H., Boukili, A. E., Mansour, N., & Sedra, M. B. (2022) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-022-03531-8 · Cited by 21
Entropy bound of horizons for charged and rotating black holes
Xu, W., Wang, J., & Meng, X.-H. (2015) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2015.04.050 · Cited by 21
Dynamics of anisotropic collapsing spheres in Einstein Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Abbas, G., & Zubair, M. (2015) · Modern Physics Letters A · doi:10.1142/s0217732315500388 · Cited by 21
Critical Phenomena in Higher Curvature Charged AdS Black Holes
Lala, A. (2013) · Advances in High Energy Physics · doi:10.1155/2013/918490 · Cited by 21
Lovelock black holes with nonmaximally symmetric horizons
Farhangkhah, N., & Dehghani, M. H. (2014) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.90.044014 · Cited by 21
Thermodynamics of Third Order Lovelock—Born—Infeld Black Holes
Li, P., Yue, R.-H., & Zou, D.-C. (2011) · Communications in Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1088/0253-6102/56/5/10 · Cited by 21
Quasinormal modes of the scalar field in five-dimensional Lovelock black hole spacetime
Chen, J., & Wang, Y. (2010) · Chinese Physics B · doi:10.1088/1674-1056/19/6/060401 · Cited by 21
González, P. A., Vásquez, Y., & Villalobos, R. N. (2018) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.064030 · Cited by 21
Tidal effects in 4D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet black hole spacetime
Li, J., Chen, S., & Jing, J. (2021) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09400-5 · Cited by 21
Anisotropic solution for compact star in 5D Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Maurya, S. K., Pradhan, A., Banerjee, A., Tello‐Ortiz, F., & Jasim, M. K. (2021) · Modern Physics Letters A · doi:10.1142/s021773232150231x · Cited by 21
Transient crossing of phantom divide line w Λ = − 1 under Gauss–Bonnet interaction
Sanyal, A. K. (2008) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-008-0718-1 · Cited by 27
Daghigh, R. G., Kunstatter, G., & Ziprick, J. (2007) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/24/8/005 · Cited by 21
Entropy bound and causality violation in higher curvature gravity
Neupane, I. P., & Dadhich, N. (2008) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/26/1/015013 · Cited by 21
Scalar waves in the Boulware-Deser black-hole background
Iyer, B. R., Iyer, S., & Vishveshwara, C. V. (1989) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/6/11/016 · Cited by 21
Linear Spectrum of OSp(32∣1) Chern-Simons Supergravity in Eleven Dimensions
Máximo Bañados, A. (2002) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.88.031301 · Cited by 21
Quasinormal modes and Strong Cosmic Censorship in the novel 4D Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravityPreprint
Mishra, A. K. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · Cited by 21
Gravitational Collapse in Generalized Vaidya Space-Time for Lovelock Gravity TheoryPreprint
Rudra, P., Biswas, R., & Debnath, U. (2016) · Cited by 21
Vacuum degeneracy and Conformal Mass in Lovelock AdS gravity
Arenas-Henriquez, G., Mišković, O., & Rodrigo Olea, A. (2017) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep11(2017)128 · Cited by 20
Extended naked conical singularity in radiation collapse in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Brassel, B. P., Maharaj, S. D., & Goswami, R. (2018) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.98.064013 · Cited by 20
Strong cosmic censorship conjecture in higher curvature gravity
Mishra, A. K., & Chakraborty, S. (2020) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.101.064041 · Cited by 20
Thermodynamics of exotic black holes in Lovelock gravity
Hull, B. R., & Mann, R. B. (2021) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.084032 · Cited by 20
Overcharging extremal black holes
Ghosh, R., Mishra, A. K., & Sarkar, S. (2021) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.104.104043 · Cited by 20
Generalized free energy landscapes of charged Gauss-Bonnet-AdS black holes in diverse dimensions
Li, R., & Wang, J. (2023) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.108.044057 · Cited by 26
Cosmological higher-curvature gravities
Moreno, J., & Murcia, Á. (2024) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/ad51c5 · Cited by 27
The first order hydrodynamics via AdS/CFT correspondence in the Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Hu, Y.-P., Li, H.-F., & Nie, Z.-Y. (2011) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep01(2011)123 · Cited by 20
Generalized Weyl solutions in d = 5 Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory: the static black ring
Kleihaus, B., Kunz, J., & Radu, E. (2010) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep02(2010)092 · Cited by 20
Geometrothermodynamics of five dimensional black holes in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet theory
Taj, S., Quevedo, H., & Sánchez, A. (2012) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-012-1351-6 · Cited by 20
Horndeski gravity and the violation of reverse isoperimetric inequality
Feng, X.-H., Liu, H.-S., Lu, W.-T., & Lü, H. (2017) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5356-x · Cited by 20
Quantum-induced trans-Planckian energy near horizon
Nurmagambetov, A., & Park, I. (2018) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep05(2018)167
Spherically symmetric isothermal fluids in f(R, T) gravity
Hansraj, S. (2018) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6194-1 · Cited by 20
Some solutions of the Gauss–Bonnet gravity with scalar field in four dimensions
Gürses, M. (2008) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-007-0579-z · Cited by 20
Energy and stability in Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet models
Deser, S., & Yang, Z.-Y. (1989) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/6/5/001 · Cited by 20
Self-citationBlack Holes in Many Dimensions at the CERN Large Hadron Collider: Testing Critical String Theory
Hewett, J. L., Lillie, B., & Rizzo, T. G. (2005) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.95.261603 · Cited by 20
Aragone, C. (1987) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(87)90271-1 · Cited by 20
Cosmology in ten dimensions with the generalised gravitational Lagrangian
Giorgini, B., & Kerner, R. (1988) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/5/2/013 · Cited by 20
Generation of mass hierarchies and gravitational instanton-induced supersymmetry breaking
Konishi, K., Magnoli, N., & Panagopoulos, H. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90151-x · Cited by 20
Black hole evaporation and higher-derivative gravity
Myers, R. C., & Simon, J. Z. (1989) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/bf00758980 · Cited by 20
On the quantum cosmology of the superstring theory including the effects of higher-derivative terms
Pollock, M. D. (1989) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(89)90188-0 · Cited by 20
Note on Chern-Simons term correction to holographic entanglement entropy
Sun, J.-R. (2009) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2009/05/061 · Cited by 20
Stability of the Einstein Static Universe in $4 D$ Gauss-Bonnet GravityPreprint
Li, S.-L., Wu, P., & Yu, H. (2020) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2004.02080 · Cited by 20
Black Hole solutions in Einstein-Maxwell-Yang-Mills-Gauss-Bonnet TheoryPreprint
Mazharimousavi, S. H., & Halilsoy, M. (2008) · Cited by 20
Pavluchenko, S. A., & TOPORENSKY, A. V. (2018) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5855-4 · Cited by 19
Belhaj, A., Hassouni, Y., Oualaid, M., & Sekhmani, Y. (2023) · International Journal of Modern Physics D · doi:10.1142/s0218271823500165 · Cited by 19
Selecting Horndeski theories without apparent symmetries and their black hole solutions
Babichev, E., Charmousis, C., Hassaı̈ne, M., & Lecoeur, N. (2023) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.108.024019 · Cited by 19
Thermodynamics of Lovelock black holes with a nonminimal scalar field
Correa, F., & Hassaı̈ne, M. (2014) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep02(2014)014 · Cited by 19
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black strings
Brihaye, Y., Delsate, T., & Radu, E. (2010) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep07(2010)022 · Cited by 19
Born-Infeld gravity with a unique vacuum and a massless graviton
Güllü, İ., Şişman, T. Ç., & Tekin, B. (2015) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.92.104014 · Cited by 19
Warm intermediate inflationary Universe model in the presence of a generalized Chaplygin gas
Herrera, R., Videla, N., & Olivares, M. (2016) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-3881-7 · Cited by 19
Membrane paradigm for Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Ted Jacobson, A., Mohd, A., & Sarkar, S. (2017) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.95.064036 · Cited by 19
Magnetized topological black holes of dimensionally continued gravity
Ali, A., & Saifullah, K. (2019) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.99.124052 · Cited by 19
Kruglov, S. I. (2021) · Symmetry · doi:10.3390/sym13060944 · Cited by 19
Higher-derivative holography with a chemical potential
Cano, P. A., Murcia, Á., Sánchez, A. R., & Zhang, X. (2022) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep07(2022)010 · Cited by 19
n-dimensional isotropic Finch-Skea stars
Chilambwe, B., & Hansraj, S. (2015) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/i2015-15019-3 · Cited by 19
A note on the Deser–Tekin charges
Petrov, A. N. (2005) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/22/16/l01 · Cited by 19
Does the Gauss–Bonnet term stabilize wormholes?
Kokubu, T., Maeda, H., & Harada, T. (2015) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/0264-9381/32/23/235021 · Cited by 19
Causality violations in Lovelock theories
Brustein, R., & Sherf, Y. (2018) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.97.084019 · Cited by 19
Quantization of Podolsky theory in the BFV formalism
Barcelos‐Neto, J., Galvão, C. A. P., & Natividade, C. P. (1991) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/bf01562328 · Cited by 19
Gauss-Bonnet brane gravity with a confining potential
Heydari-Fard, M., & Sepangi, H. R. (2007) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.75.064010 · Cited by 19
Holography and Entropy Bounds in Gauss-Bonnet Gravity
Cai, R. G., & Myung, Y. S. (2002) · CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) · Cited by 19
Kerr-Gauss-Bonnet black holes: Exact analytical solution
Alexeyev, S. O., Popov, N., Startseva, M., Barrau, A., & Grain, J. (2008) · Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics · doi:10.1134/s1063776108040092 · Cited by 19
Euler-Poincaré lagrangians and Kaluza-Klein theory
Arık, M., & Dereli, T. (1987) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(87)91276-7 · Cited by 19
Odintsov, S. D., Oikonomou, V. K., & Saridakis, E. N. (2015) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1501.06591 · Cited by 19
Conserved charges of black holes in Weyl and Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravities
Peng, J.-J. (2014) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-014-3156-0 · Cited by 18
Maurya, S. K., Banerjee, A., Pradhan, A., & Yadav, D. (2022) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-10496-6 · Cited by 18
Charged spherically symmetric black holes in scalar-tensor Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Capozzıello, S., & NASHED, G. G. L. (2023) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/acfa5c · Cited by 23
Exact solution of Bardeen black hole in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Kumar, A., Singh, D. V., Myrzakulov, Y., Yergaliyeva, G., & Upadhyay, S. (2023) · The European Physical Journal Plus · doi:10.1140/epjp/s13360-023-04718-3 · Cited by 18
Universal instability of hairy black holes in Lovelock-Galileon theories in D dimensions
Takahashi, K., Suyama, T., & Kobayashi, T. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.93.064068 · Cited by 18
Nozari, K., & Rashidi, N. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.93.124022 · Cited by 18
Resolving the issue of branched Hamiltonian in modified Lanczos–Lovelock gravity
Ruz, S., Mandal, R., Debnath, S., & Sanyal, A. K. (2016) · General Relativity and Gravitation · doi:10.1007/s10714-016-2080-z · Cited by 18
Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet black rings at large D
Chen, B., Li, P.-C., & Zhang, C.-Y. (2018) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep07(2018)067 · Cited by 18
Collapsing spherical star in Scalar-Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet gravity with a quadratic coupling
Chakrabarti, S. (2018) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-5798-9 · Cited by 19
Quasinormal modes of black holes in 5D Gauss–Bonnet gravity combined with non-linear electrodynamics
Churilova, M. S., & Stuchlík, Z. (2020) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/j.aop.2020.168181 · Cited by 18
Lovelock solutions in the presence of matter sources
Bardoux, Y., Charmousis, C., & Kolyvaris, T. (2011) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.83.104020 · Cited by 18
Probing strongly coupled anisotropic plasmas from higher curvature gravity
Jahnke, V., & Misobuchi, A. S. (2016) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-016-4153-2 · Cited by 18
Houndjo, M. J. S. (2017) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-5171-4 · Cited by 20
Chakrabarti, A., & Tchrakian, D. H. (2001) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.65.024029 · Cited by 18
Entropy function and higher derivative corrections to entropies in (anti-)de Sitter space
Shu, F.-W., & Ge, X.-H. (2008) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1088/1126-6708/2008/08/021 · Cited by 18
Self-properties of codimension-2 braneworlds
Charmousis, C., & Antonios Papazoglou, A. (2008) · HAL · Cited by 18
Holographic entanglement entropy in time dependent Gauss-Bonnet gravity
Cáceres, E., Sanchez, M., & Virrueta, J. (2017) · Journal of High Energy Physics · doi:10.1007/jhep09(2017)127 · Cited by 19
Pavluchenko, S. A. (2016) · Physical review. D/Physical review. D. · doi:10.1103/physrevd.94.024046 · Cited by 17
Superradiance of charged black holes in Einstein–Gauss–Bonnet gravity
Fierro, O., Grandi, N., & Oliva, J. (2018) · Classical and Quantum Gravity · doi:10.1088/1361-6382/aab3f6 · Cited by 18
Metadata
- Authors
- Boulware, D. G., & Deser, S.
- Affiliations
- University of Washington (US)
- ORCID
- Deser, S.
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1985-12-09
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 24
- Pages
- 2656-2660
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1985071512
- Semantic Scholar
- de20b24195f2aac5e46deee55b4a15343f186e8a
- Cited by
- 1,583
- References
- 13
- Citations by year
- 2026: 54 · 2025: 81 · 2024: 76 · 2023: 96 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 75 · 2020: 101 · 2019: 57 · 2018: 54 · 2017: 61 · 2016: 61 · 2015: 61 · 2014: 64 · 2013: 61 · 2012: 57
- FWCI
- 14.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Noncommutative and Quantum Gravity Theories
- Keywords
- Gauss-Bonnet gravity, quadratic curvature corrections, Einstein-Hilbert action, superstring theory, anti-de Sitter space, cosmological instability, static spherically symmetric solutions, event horizon, naked singularities, higher-curvature corrections, cosmological constant
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-31, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-31 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
