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Measurement of the Wigner distribution and the density matrix of a light mode using optical homodyne tomography: Application to squeezed states and the vacuum
Abstract
We have measured probability distributions of quadrature-field amplitude for both vacuum and quadrature-squeezed states of a mode of the electromagnetic field. From these measurements we demonstrate the technique of optical homodyne tomography to determine the Wigner distribution and the density matrix of the mode. This provides a complete quantum mechanical characterization of the measured mode.
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“For continuous variables, tomography has been implemented in both quantum [23] and atom [24] optics.”
From Nonmaximally Entangled States: Production, Characterization, and Utilization (1999) · cites this paper as [23]
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- 1991, A Faridani, in Inverse Problems and Imaging, Pitman Research Notes in Mathematics Vol. 245
- L. Susskind, 1964, N.Y.), 1, 49
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Metadata
- Authors
- Smithey, D. T., Beck, M., Raymer, M. G., & Faridani, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Oregon State University (US)
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1993-03-01
- Volume
- 70
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1244-1247
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2059108078
- Cited by
- 1,538
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 29 · 2025: 27 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 42 · 2021: 40 · 2020: 57 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 35 · 2016: 38 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 46 · 2013: 51 · 2012: 65
- FWCI
- 70.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Keywords
- optical homodyne tomography, Wigner function, density matrix, squeezed states, vacuum state, quantum state characterization, light mode
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