The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pseudotensors and Quasilocal Energy-Momentum
Open accessAbstract
Early energy-momentum investigations for gravitating systems gave reference-frame-dependent pseudotensors; later the quasilocal idea was developed. Quasilocal energy-momentum can be determined by the Hamiltonian boundary term, which also identifies the variables to be held fixed on the boundary. We show that a pseudotensor corresponds to a Hamiltonian boundary term. Hence, they are quasilocal and acceptable; each is the energy-momentum density for a definite physical situation with certain boundary conditions. These conditions are identified for well-known pseudotensors.
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“There is some resistance to such claims, however, including new ideas for dealing with the two main problems, the non-uniqueness (Chang et al. 1999) and coordinate dependence (Pitts 2010) of pseudotensors; in both cases there is suggestion that multiplicity is a meaningful virtue rather than a defect.”
From General Relativity, Mental Causation, and Energy Conservation (2022) · cites this paper as Chang et al. 1999
In the citing paper
“These authors show that, under assumptions that I will discuss in Sections 5 and 6, this expression can be obtained from the covariant Hamiltonian formalism of general relativity.”
From Noether's Theorems and Energy in General Relativity (2021) · cites this paper as Chang et al. (1999)
In the citing paper
“(this then agrees with results by Chang et al. (1999: p. 1898) in the Hamiltonian formalism).”
From Noether's Theorems and Energy in General Relativity (2021) · cites this paper as Chang et al. (1999: p. 1898)
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chang, C.-C., Nester, J. M., & Chen, C.-M.
- Affiliations
- National Central University (TW)
- Lomonosov Moscow State University (RU)
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 1999-09-06
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1897-1901
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W2017768306
- Cited by
- 189
- References
- 28
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 4.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
- Keywords
- pseudotensors, energy-momentum density, boundary conditions, gravitational energy, reference frame dependence
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