Composite Medium with Simultaneously Negative Permeability and Permittivity
Open accessAbstract
We demonstrate a composite medium, based on a periodic array of interspaced conducting nonmagnetic split ring resonators and continuous wires, that exhibits a frequency region in the microwave regime with simultaneously negative values of effective permeability &mgr;(eff)(omega) and permittivity varepsilon(eff)(omega). This structure forms a "left-handed" medium, for which it has been predicted that such phenomena as the Doppler effect, Cherenkov radiation, and even Snell's law are inverted. It is now possible through microwave experiments to test for these effects using this new metamaterial.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A hexagonal lattice of epsilon/mu-matched rods implies Dirac-cone linear photonic dispersion near the K and K' corner points of the Brillouin zone.
“The hexagonal symmetry of the structure implies Dirac-cone linear photonic dispersion near the K and K corner points of the Brillouin zone [ 16] (see inset to Fig. 1a) that simplifies mapping to electronic systems [ 1, 2].”
From Photonic topological insulators (2013) · cites this paper as [16]
The proposed photonic meta-crystal preserves time-reversal symmetry and realizes a quantum spin Hall response with spin-polarized one-way photonic edge transport, unlike earlier photonic crystal structures that break time-reversal symmetry.
“In contrast, our photonic meta-crystal structure preserves time-reversal symmetry and realizes quantum spin Hall response with spin-polarized one-way photonic edge transport.”
From Photonic topological insulators (2013) · cites this paper as [16]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
No references could be resolved yet.
Research works printed but not linked: 10
- W. Rotman, IRE Trans. Antennas Propag. AP10, 82 (1962).
- J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, W. J. Stewart, and I. Youngs, Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 4773 (1996).
- J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, J. Phys. Condens. Matter 10, 4785 (1998).
- D. R. Smith, D. C. Vier, Willie Padilla, Syrus C. Nemat- Nasser, and S. Schultz, Appl. Phys. Lett. 75, 1425 (1999).
- J. B. Pendry, A. J. Holden, D. J. Robbins, and W. J. Stewart, IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory Tech. 47, 2075 (1999).
- V. G. Veselago, Sov. Phys. USPEKHI 10, 509 (1968).
- D. L. Mills and E. Burstein, Rep. Prog. Phys. 37, 817 (1974).
- R. E. Camley and D. L. Mills, Phys. Rev. B 26, 1280 (1982).
- A. Hartstein, E. Burstein, A. A. Maradudin, R. Brewer, and R. F. Wallis, J. Phys. C 6, 1266 (1973).
- D. R. Smith, R. Dalichaouch, N. Kroll, S. Schultz, S. L. McCall, and P. M. Platzman, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 314 (1993).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Negative Refraction Makes a Perfect Lens
Pendry, J. B. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.85.3966 · Cited by 12,159 · see citing works
Photonic topological insulators
Khanikaev, A. B., Hossein Mousavi, S., Tse, W.-K., Kargarian, M., MacDonald, A. H., & Shvets, G. (2013) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat3520 · Cited by 1,971 · see citing works
How to deal with the loss in plasmonics and metamaterials
Khurgin, J. B. (2015) · Nature Nanotechnology · doi:10.1038/nnano.2014.310 · Cited by 1,125 · see citing works
Electromagnetic Wave Propagation in Media with Indefinite Permittivity and Permeability Tensors
Smith, D. R., & Schurig, D. (2003) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.90.077405 · Cited by 1,081 · see citing works
Self-citationValley photonic crystals for control of spin and topology
Dong, J.-W., Chen, X.-D., Zhu, H., Wang, Y., & Zhang, X. (2017) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat4807 · Cited by 730 · see citing works
Pairing an epsilon-negative slab with a mu-negative slab: Resonance, tunneling and transparency
Alu, A., & Engheta, N. (2003) · IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation · doi:10.1109/tap.2003.817553 · Cited by 592 · see citing works
Experimental realization of photonic topological insulator in a uniaxial metacrystal waveguide
Chen, W.-J., Jiang, S.-J., Chen, X.-D., Zhu, B., Zhou, L., Dong, J.-W., & Chan, C. T. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms6782 · Cited by 555 · see citing works
Caloz, C., & Itoh, T. (2003) · IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (IEEE Cat. No.02CH37313) · doi:10.1109/aps.2002.1016111 · Cited by 546 · see citing works
Gap plasmon-based metasurfaces for total control of reflected light
Pors, A., Albrektsen, O., Radko, I. P., & Bozhevolnyi, S. I. (2013) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep02155 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Plasmonic metasurfaces for efficient phase control in reflection
Pors, A., & Bozhevolnyi, S. I. (2013) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.21.027438 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Kapitanova, P. V., Ginzburg, P., Rodríguez-Fortuño, F. J., Filonov, D. S., Voroshilov, P. M., Belov, P. A., Poddubny, A. N., Kivshar, Y. S., Wurtz, G. A., & Zayats, A. V. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4226 · Cited by 299 · see citing works
Properties of one-dimensional photonic crystals containing single-negative materials
Jiang, H., Chen, H., Li, H., Zhang, Y., Zi, J., & Zhu, S. (2004) · Physical Review E · doi:10.1103/physreve.69.066607 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Effective medium theory for magnetodielectric composites: Beyond the long-wavelength limit
Wu, Y., Li, J., Zhang, Z.-Q., & Chan, C. T. (2006) · Physical Review B · doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.085111 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Liu, R., Cui, T. J., Huang, D., Zhao, B., & Smith, D. R. (2007) · Physical Review E · doi:10.1103/physreve.76.026606 · Cited by 217 · see citing works
Self-citationElectromagnetic Duality Symmetry and Helicity Conservation for the Macroscopic Maxwell’s Equations
Fernandez-Corbaton, I., Zambrana-Puyalto, X., Tischler, N., Vidal, X., Juan, M. L., & Molina-Terriza, G. (2013) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.111.060401 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
A topology optimization method for design of negative permeability metamaterials
Diaz, A. R., & Sigmund, O. (2010) · Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization · doi:10.1007/s00158-009-0416-y · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Optical metamaterial for polarization control
Hao, J., Ren, Q., An, Z., Huang, X., Chen, Z., Qiu, M., & Zhou, L. (2009) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.80.023807 · Cited by 167 · see citing works
Dirac Dispersion in Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals
Chan, C. T., Hang, Z. H., & Huang, X. (2012) · Advances in OptoElectronics · doi:10.1155/2012/313984 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Ultrafast terahertz emission from emerging symmetry-broken materials
Pettine, J., Padmanabhan, P., Sirica, N., Prasankumar, R. P., Taylor, A. J., & Chen, H.-T. (2023) · Light: Science & Applications · doi:10.1038/s41377-023-01163-w · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Chan, C.-T., Huang, X., Liu, F., & Hang, Z. H. (2012) · Progress In Electromagnetics Research B · doi:10.2528/pierb12082103 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Optical Magnus effect in metamaterials fabricated from ferromagnetic microwires
Ivanov, A. V., Shalygin, A. N., Vedyaev, A. V., & Ivanov, V. A. (2007) · JETP Letters · doi:10.1134/s0021364007110082 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
- Authors
- Smith, D. R., Padilla, W. J., Vier, D. C., Nemat-Nasser, S. C., & Schultz, S.
- Affiliations
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Venue
- Physical Review Letters
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2000-05-01
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 18
- Pages
- 4184-4187
- ISSN
- 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
- 1079-7114
- OpenAlex
- W2027652501
- Cited by
- 8,831
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 207 · 2025: 247 · 2024: 299 · 2023: 283 · 2022: 354 · 2021: 429 · 2020: 385 · 2019: 391 · 2018: 379 · 2017: 416 · 2016: 428 · 2015: 397 · 2014: 458 · 2013: 459 · 2012: 474
- FWCI
- 65.13
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- U.S. Department of Energy
- Division of Materials Research
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials › Metamaterials and Metasurfaces Applications
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Acoustic Wave Phenomena Research
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Aerospace Engineering › Antenna Design and Analysis
- Keywords
- negative permeability, negative permittivity, left-handed media, metamaterials, split ring resonator, composite media, microwave experiments, Doppler shift, Cherenkov radiation
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review