Antagonistic action of strigolactone and cytokinin in bud outgrowth control
Open accessAbstract
Cytokinin (CK) has long been implicated as a promoter of bud outgrowth in plants, but exactly how this is achieved in coordination with other plant hormones is unclear. The recent discovery of strigolactones (SLs) as the long-sought branch-inhibiting hormone allowed us to test how CK and SL coordinately regulate bud outgrowth in pea (Pisum sativum). We found that SL-deficient plants are more sensitive to stimulation of bud growth by low concentrations of locally applied CK than wild-type plants. Furthermore, in contrast with SL mutant plants, buds of wild-type plants are almost completely resistant to stimulation by CK supplied to the vasculature. Regardless of whether the exogenous hormones were supplied locally or to the xylem stream, SL and CK acted antagonistically on bud outgrowth. These data suggest that SLs do not affect the delivery of CK to axillary buds and vice versa. Rather, these data combined with dose-response experiments suggest that SLs and CK can act directly in buds to control their outgrowth. These hormones may converge at a common point in the bud outgrowth regulatory pathway. The expression of pea BRANCHED1, a TCP transcription factor expressed strongly in buds and thought to act downstream of SLs in shoot branching, is regulated by CK and SL without a requirement for protein synthesis and in a manner that correlates with observed bud growth responses.
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In pea, but not in rice, SLs up-regulate PsBRC1 without any de novo protein synthesis, suggesting that PsBRC1 is an SL-primary response gene.
“In pea, but not in rice, SLs up-regulate PsBRC1 without any de novo protein synthesis, suggesting that PsBRC1 is an SL-primary response gene”
From Multiple pathways regulate shoot branching (2015) · cites this paper as Dun et al., 2012
Cites
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Self-citationThe Pea TCP Transcription Factor PsBRC1 Acts Downstream of Strigolactones to Control Shoot Branching
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Self-citationStrigolactone Acts Downstream of Auxin to Regulate Bud Outgrowth in Pea and Arabidopsis
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“By contrast, SL treatment directly to the uppermost bud of decapitated pea plants prevents decapitation-induced growth in the absence of an apical auxin supply (Brewer et al., 2009), supporting the direct SL model.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationAuxin-cytokinin interactions in the control of shoot branching
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Strigolactones enhance competition between shoot branches by dampening auxin transport
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The hormonal regulation of axillary bud growth in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
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“The growth of activated wild-type Arabidopsis buds on isolated nodal segments in split-plate assays is accelerated by basal treatment with 6-benzylaminopurine (BA; synthetic CK) to the medium (Chatfield et al., 2000).”
BackgroundApical Dominance and Shoot Branching. Divergent Opinions or Divergent Mechanisms?
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Self-citationFeedback regulation of xylem cytokinin content is conserved in pea and Arabidopsis
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Self-citationPea has its tendrils in branching discoveries spanning a century from auxin to strigolactones
Beveridge, C. A., Dun, E. A., & Rameau, C. (2009) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.109.143909 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
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Sugar demand, not auxin, is the initial regulator of apical dominance
Mason, M. G., Ross, J. J., Babst, B. A., Wienclaw, B. N., & Beveridge, C. A. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1322045111 · Cited by 565 · see citing works
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Multiple pathways regulate shoot branching
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Self-citation<i>BRANCHED1</i> Promotes Axillary Bud Dormancy in Response to Shade in <i>Arabidopsis</i>
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Strigolactones and the control of plant development: lessons from shoot branching
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“Direct application of cytokinin on buds reduced BRC1 transcript levels in pea (Braun et al., 2012; Dun et al., 2012).”
BackgroundUsing Arabidopsis to Study Shoot Branching in Biomass Willow
Ward, S. P., Salmon, J., Hanley, S. J., Karp, A., & Leyser, O. (2013) · Plant Physiology · doi:10.1104/pp.113.218461 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
- Authors
- Dun, E. A., de Saint Germain, A., Rameau, C., & Beveridge, C. A.
- Affiliations
- The University of Queensland (AU)
- University of Queensland, School of Biological Sciences, St Lucia, Queensland, 4072 Australia (E.A.D., C.A.B.); Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin, INRA UMR1318 INRA-AgroParisTech, F–78000 Versailles, France (A.d.S.G., C.R.)
- Corresponding author
- Beveridge, Christine A.
- Venue
- Plant Physiology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2011-10-31
- Volume
- 158
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 487-498
- ISSN
- 0032-0889 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-2548
- PMC
- PMC3252097
- OpenAlex
- W2083858994
- Cited by
- 466
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 41 · 2024: 29 · 2023: 39 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 37 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 23.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
- Locations
- PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Plant biochemistry and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- strigolactones, cytokinins, bud outgrowth, shoot branching, Pisum sativum, TCP transcription factors, hormone signaling, axillary buds
- MeSH terms
- Cytokinins, Lactones, Mutation, Plant Growth Regulators, Plant Proteins, Transcription Factors, Up-Regulation, Gene Expression Regulation, Plant, Plant Shoots, Pisum sativum, Xylem
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