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Auxin Inhibition of Decapitation-Induced Branching Is Dependent on Graft-Transmissible Signals Regulated by Genes Rms1 and Rms2

Open access
Beveridge, Christine A., Symons, Gregory M., Turnbull, Colin G.N.·2000·Plant Physiology
DOI 10.1104/pp.123.2.689PMC PMC59037
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Abstract

Decapitation-induced axillary bud outgrowth is a vital mechanism whereby shoots are able to continue normal growth and development. In many plants, including wild-type garden pea (Pisum sativum L.), this process can be inhibited by exogenous auxin. Using the ramosus (rms) increased branching mutants of pea, we present evidence that this response to auxin is dependent on graft-transmissible substance(s) regulated by the genes Rms1 and Rms2. The response to exogenous auxin is massively diminished in decapitatedrms1 and rms2 mutant plants. However, basipetal auxin transport is not reduced in intact or decapitated mutants. Grafting rms1 or rms2 shoots onto wild-type rootstocks restored the auxin response, indicating thatRms1 and Rms2 gene action in the rootstock is sufficient to enable an auxin response in mutant shoots. We conclude that Rms1 and Rms2 act in the rootstock and shoot to control levels of mobile substance(s) that interact with exogenous auxin in the inhibition of bud outgrowth after decapitation. At least for rms1, the reduced auxin response is unlikely to be due to an inability of auxin to decrease xylem sap cytokinin content, as this is already low in intactrms1 plants. Consequently, we have genetic evidence that auxin action in decapitated plants depends on at least one novel long-distance signal.

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Crossref · 10.1104/pp.123.2.689

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  • Outgrowth induced by decapitation in SMS mutant plants cannot be inhibited by IAA applied to the stump unless a wild-type rootstock is present.

    “Grafting studies also showed that outgrowth induced by decapitation in SMS mutant plants cannot be inhibited by IAA applied to the stump unless a wild-type rootstock is present (Beveridge et al., 2000).”

    From Strigolactone Acts Downstream of Auxin to Regulate Bud Outgrowth in Pea and Arabidopsis (2009) · cites this paper as Beveridge et al., 2000

    The Results (page not provided) show that IAA applied to the decapitated stump almost completely inhibited bud outgrowth in rms1 mutant shoots grafted onto wild-type rootstocks, but not in rms1 self-grafts. The claim is too absolute: IAA still significantly reduced bud growth at one node in the self-grafts. The paper calls these mutants rms, not SMS. (LLM, conf=0.86)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • In pea, grafting revealed the existence of two novel long-distance signals controlling shoot branching that were different from auxin and CK.

    “In pea, grafting revealed the existence of two novel long-distance signals controlling shoot branching that were different from auxin and CK (Beveridge et al., 2000(Beveridge et al., , 2009;;Beveridge, 2006): a root-to-shoot branching inhibitor (Beveridge et al., 1997b;Morris et al., 2001),”

    From The Pea TCP Transcription Factor PsBRC1 Acts Downstream of Strigolactones to Control Shoot Branching (2012) · cites this paper as Beveridge et al., 2000

    The Discussion (page not provided) says grafting provides evidence that Rms1 and Rms2 control one or more mobile signals involved in pea bud outgrowth. It does not establish that there are two distinct signals, and it calls cytokinin an unlikely candidate only for the Rms1-associated signal. (LLM, conf=0.88)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Because the rms2 mutant showed low RMS1 expression and high X-CK content in xylem sap, in contrast to other rms mutants, it was suggested that the shoot-to-root feedback signal was RMS2 dependent.

    “Because the rms2 mutant showed low RMS1 expression and high X-CK content in the xylem sap, in contrast to the other rms mutants (Table I), it was suggested that the shoot-to-root feedback signal was RMS2 dependent (Beveridge et al., 2000).”

    From The Pea TCP Transcription Factor PsBRC1 Acts Downstream of Strigolactones to Control Shoot Branching (2012) · cites this paper as Beveridge et al., 2000

    The Abstract reports slightly elevated xylem-sap cytokinin in rms2, unlike the reduced levels described for rms1 and other rms mutants. The Discussion says Rms2 controls a mobile signal, but our copy does not report low RMS1 expression in rms2 or identify that signal as shoot-to-root feedback; it says the signal's source may be the shoot or rootstock (page unavailable). (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • The small difference in IAA transport between wild-type and ccd7 Arabidopsis inflorescences at low IAA concentrations is unlikely to be a primary cause for branching in plants.

    “Moreover, although a small difference in IAA transport was observed between wild-type and ccd7 Arabidopsis inflorescences when low concentrations of IAA were applied (Fig. 4, F and I), it is unlikely that this is a primary cause for branching in plants, because such a difference is not always observed in pea (Figs. 4, A-E and J, and 5; Beveridge et al., 2000).”

    From Strigolactone Acts Downstream of Auxin to Regulate Bud Outgrowth in Pea and Arabidopsis (2009) · cites this paper as Beveridge et al., 2000

  • In pea, differences in auxin transport between SL-related mutants and the wild type are modest, in contrast to Arabidopsis.

    “In pea, differences in auxin transport between SL-related mutants and the wild type are modest (Beveridge et al., 2000), in contrast to Arabidopsis.”

    From The Pea TCP Transcription Factor PsBRC1 Acts Downstream of Strigolactones to Control Shoot Branching (2012) · cites this paper as Beveridge et al., 2000

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2 of the 37 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 1

  1. Arumingtyas EL, Floyd RS, Gregory MJ, Murfet IC. Branching in Pisum: inheritance and allelism tests with 17 ramosus mutants. Pisum Genet. 1992;24:17–31. [Google Scholar]

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Authors
Beveridge, C. A., Symons, G. M., & Turnbull, C. G. N.
Affiliations
  • The University of Queensland (AU)
  • University of Tasmania (AU)
ORCID
Venue
Plant Physiology
Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Published
2000-06-01
Volume
123
Issue
2
Pages
689-698
ISSN
  • 0032-0889 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-2548
DOI
10.1104/pp.123.2.689
PMC
PMC59037
OpenAlex
W2044238925
Cited by
162
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 10
FWCI
12.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model (vor)
Locations
  • PLANT PHYSIOLOGY (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Molecular Biology Research
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Plant Parasitism and Resistance
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Flowering Plant Growth and Cultivation
Keywords
auxin, decapitation, axillary bud outgrowth, Pisum sativum, long-distance signaling, basipetal auxin transport, cytokinins, xylem sap
MeSH terms
Biological Transport, Indoleacetic Acids, Genes, Plant, Pisum sativum

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