The DOI matches its Crossref record; 24 of the 24 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Mechanism of Internationalisation
Abstract
The contemporary relevance of the so‐called Uppsala Internationalisation Model is discussed. This is a framework advanced by a number of Swedish colleagues describing the typical process of “going international”. Johanson and Vahlne respond to the criticisms of the model they proposed in the 1970s and relate it to the Eclectic Paradigm Model and the Networking literature. The concepts of the advantage package and the advantage cycle in the internationalisation context are also introduced.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Competitive Strategy: Techniques for Analyzing Industries and Competitors
(1980) · Journal of Sustainable Competitive Intelligence · doi:10.24883/iberoamericanic.v2i2.38 · Cited by 16,592
The theory of the growth of the firm
Penrose, E. (1996) · Long Range Planning · doi:10.1016/s0024-6301(96)90295-2 · Cited by 13,770
(1969) · Virtual Defense Library (Ministerio de Defensa) · Cited by 10,735
The Economics of Organization: The Transaction Cost Approach
Williamson, O. E. (1981) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/227496 · Cited by 6,438
The Eclectic Paradigm of International Production: A Restatement and Some Possible Extensions
Dunning, J. H. (1988) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490372 · Cited by 4,315
THE INTERNATIONALIZATION OF THE FIRM ? FOUR SWEDISH CASES
Johanson, J., & Wiedersheim-Paul, F. (1975) · Journal of Management Studies · doi:10.1111/j.1467-6486.1975.tb00514.x · Cited by 3,666
Self-citation(1981) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 3,559
Journal of International Business Studies
(1975) · Maritime Studies and Management · doi:10.1080/03088837500000054 · Cited by 2,436
International Marketing and Purchasing of Industrial Goods: An Interaction Approach
Håkansson, H. (1982) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,945
The Export Behavior of Smaller-Sized Wisconsin Manufacturing Firms
Bilkey, W. J., & Tesar, G. (1977) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490783 · Cited by 1,500
Cited by
Toward a Theory of International New ventures
Oviatt, B. M., & McDougall, P. P. (1994) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8490193 · Cited by 3,985
EFFECTS OF AGE AT ENTRY , KNOWLEDGE INTENSITY, AND IMITABILITY ON INTERNATIONAL GROWTH.
Autio, E., Sapienza, H. J., & Almeida, J. G. (2000) · Academy of Management Journal · doi:10.2307/1556419 · Cited by 2,748
Phillips McDougall, P., Shane, S., & Oviatt, B. M. (1994) · Journal of Business Venturing · doi:10.1016/0883-9026(94)90017-5 · Cited by 1,691
A perspective on regional and global strategies of multinational enterprises
Rugman, A. M., & Verbeke, A. (2004) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400073 · Cited by 1,662
Corruption and Foreign Direct Investment
Habib, M., & Zurawicki, L. (2002) · Journal of International Business Studies · doi:10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8491017 · Cited by 1,321
Metadata
- Authors
- Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J.
- Venue
- International Marketing Review
- Publisher
- Emerald
- Published
- 1990-04-01
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 4
- ISSN
- 0265-1335 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2045933035
- Cited by
- 3,403
- References
- 24
- FWCI
- 36.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The Mechanism of Internationalisation. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1108/02651339010137414
- The paper
- Johanson, J., & Vahlne, J. (1990). The Mechanism of Internationalisation. International Marketing Review. https://doi.org/10.1108/02651339010137414
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
