The DOI matches its Crossref record; 10 of the 10 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Oscillator phase noise: a tutorial
Abstract
Linear time-invariant (LTI) phase noise theories provide important qualitative design insights but are limited in their quantitative predictive power. Part of the difficulty is that device noise undergoes multiple frequency translations to become oscillator phase noise. A quantitative understanding of this process requires abandoning the principle of time invariance assumed in most older theories of phase noise. Fortunately, the noise-to-phase transfer function of oscillators is still linear, despite the existence of the nonlinearities necessary for amplitude stabilization. In addition to providing a quantitative reconciliation between theory and measurement, the time-varying phase noise model presented in this tutorial identifies the importance of symmetry in suppressing the upconversion of 1/f noise into close-in phase noise, and provides an explicit appreciation of cyclostationary effects and AM-PM conversion. These insights allow a reinterpretation of why the Colpitts oscillator exhibits good performance, and suggest new oscillator topologies. Tuned LC and ring oscillator circuit examples are presented to reinforce the theoretical considerations developed. Simulation issues and the accommodation of amplitude noise are considered in appendixes.
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Cites
The Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits
Lee, T. H. (2003) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511817281 · Cited by 3,497
Self-citationA simple model of feedback oscillator noise spectrum
Leeson, D. B. (1966) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/proc.1966.4682 · Cited by 2,456
A general theory of phase noise in electrical oscillators
Hajimiri, A., & Lee, T. H. (1998) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/4.658619 · Cited by 2,421
Self-citationThe Design of CMOS Radio-Frequency Integrated Circuits
(2004) · Microelectronics International · doi:10.1108/mi.2004.21821bae.001 · Cited by 1,456
Jitter and phase noise in ring oscillators
Hajimiri, A., Limotyrakis, S., & Lee, T. H. (1999) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/4.766813 · Cited by 1,071
Self-citationA study of phase noise in CMOS oscillators
Razavi, B. (1996) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/4.494195 · Cited by 1,021
The Design of Low Noise Oscillators
(2003) · Thammasat University Digital Collections · doi:10.1007/b101822 · Cited by 386
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Introduction to Random Processes
Gardner, W. A. (1986) · Cited by 148
A low-noise, low-power VCO with automatic amplitude control for wireless applications
Margarit, M. A., Tham, J. L., Meyer, R. G., & Deen, M. J. (1999) · IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits · doi:10.1109/4.766810 · Cited by 136
Cited by
Review of Gravimetric Sensing of Volatile Organic Compounds
McGinn, C. K., Lamport, Z. A., & Kymissis, I. (2020) · ACS Sensors · doi:10.1021/acssensors.0c00333 · Cited by 152
Wieczorek, P. Z., & Golofit, K. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers · doi:10.1109/tcsi.2017.2751144 · Cited by 53
Lightweight TRNG Based on Multiphase Timing of Bistables
Wieczorek, P. Z. (2016) · IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers · doi:10.1109/tcsi.2016.2555248 · Cited by 27
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, T. H., & Hajimiri, A.
- Venue
- IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits
- Published
- 2000-03
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 326-336
- ISSN
- 0018-9200 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-173X
- OpenAlex
- W2110144707
- Cited by
- 916
- References
- 10
- FWCI
- 26.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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