In Search of Self-Sovereign Identity Leveraging Blockchain Technology
Open accessAbstract
In recent times, with the advent of blockchain technology, there is an optimism surrounding the concept of self-sovereign identity which is regarded to have an influential effect on how we interact with each other over the Internet in future. There are a few works in the literature which examine different aspects of self-sovereign identity. Unfortunately, the existing works are not methodological and comprehensive at all. Moreover, there exist different notions of what the term self-sovereign identity means. To exploit its full potential, it is essential to ensure a common understanding in a formal way. This paper aims to achieve this goal by providing the first-ever formal and rigorous treatment of the concept of self-sovereign identity using a mathematical model. This paper examines the properties that a self-sovereign identity should have and explores the impact of self-sovereign identity over the laws of identity. It also highlights the essential life-cycles of an identity management system and inter-relates how the notion of self-sovereign identity can be applied in these life-cycles. In addition, the paper illustrates several envisioned flows involving a self-sovereign identity leveraging blockchain technology covering different aspects of an identity management system. All in all, this paper presents the first formal and comprehensive step toward an academic investigation of self-sovereign identity.
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SSI presents a paradigm shift, a shift in power and control, from identity and service providers to users, who must be central to the administration of identity and information flow during digital interactions.
“SSI presents a paradigm shift, a shift in power and control, from identity and service providers to users, who must be central to the administration of identity and information flow during digital interactions [16][17].”
From Decentralized and Self-Sovereign Identity: Systematic Mapping Study (2021) · cites this paper as [17]
Decentralized identity can be derived from existing government-issued identity documents and is provided by services performing identity proofing based on existing third-party trusted credentials, such as passports, driving licenses, etc.
“Decentralized identity can be derived from existing government-issued identity documents and is provided by services performing identity proofing based on ex-isting third-party trusted credentials, such as passports, driving licenses, etc.”
From Decentralized and Self-Sovereign Identity: Systematic Mapping Study (2021) · cites this paper as [17]
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Basha, A. J., Rajkumar, N., AlZain, M. A., Masud, M., & Abouhawwash, M. (2022) · Intelligent Automation & Soft Computing · doi:10.32604/iasc.2022.024714 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Ra, G.-J., Kim, D., Seo, D., & Lee, I.-Y. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3067958 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Privacy-preserving Identity Management System.Preprint
Lee, J., Choi, J., Oh, H., & Kim, J. (2021) · IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive · Cited by 12 · see citing works
New Directions and Challenges within Identity and Access Management
Pöhn, D., & Hommel, W. (2023) · IEEE Communications Standards Magazine · doi:10.1109/mcomstd.0006.2200077 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Are We There Yet? A Study of Decentralized Identity Applications
Schumm, D., Müller, K. O. E., & Stiller, B. (2025) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2025.3588170 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Dynamic Management of Identity Federations using Blockchain
Alom, I., Eshita, R. M., Harun, A. I., Ferdous, M. S., Shuhan, M. K. B., Chowdhury, M. J. M., & Rahman, M. S. (2021) · IEEE International Conference on Blockchain and Cryptocurrency (ICBC) · doi:10.1109/icbc51069.2021.9461128 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Self-citationSelf-Sovereign Identity and User Control for Privacy-Preserving Contact Tracing
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A Low-Overhead Approach for Self-sovereign Identity in IoT
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With or Without Blockchain? Towards a Decentralized, SSI-based eRoaming Architecture
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Secure Decentralized Machine Identifiers for Internet of Things
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Blockchain-Based National Digital Identity Framework – Case of Palestine
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Leveraging Block chain for Secure and Decentralized Identity Management
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From Virtual Worlds to Real-World Impact: An Industrial Metaverse Survey
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Establishing Trust and Security in Decentralized Metaverse: A Web 3.0 Approach
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- Authors
- Ferdous, M. S., Chowdhury, F., & Alassafi, M. O.
- Affiliations
- Shahjalal University of Science and Technology (BD)
- King Abdulaziz University (SA)
- Venue
- IEEE Access
- Published
- 2019
- Volume
- 7
- Pages
- 103059-103079
- ISSN
- 2169-3536 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2965782153
- Cited by
- 267
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 36 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 47 · 2023: 51 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 31.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- IEEE Access (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Greater South Information System
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology Applications and Security
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Blockchain Technology in Education and Learning
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Privacy, Security, and Data Protection
- Keywords
- self-sovereign identity, blockchain, identity management systems, digital identity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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