The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Relational and NoSQL Databases: The Appropriate Database Model Choice
Abstract
For over four decades, Relational database management systems RDBMS have been the primary model for data storage, retrieval and management. However, due to the continuous information growth in current organizations and the increasing needs for scalability and performance, specially while handling a very huge amount of data that generated by various new generation real time applications or social networking sites that could be unstructured or semi-structured data, poses a set of challenges to the existing RDBMS Vendors. Such challenges have created a need for adaptation alternative technologies in the field of data storage and manipulation. NoSQL technology is the alternative category of Database Management Systems that have been emerged as the solution to the ever-growing data requirements. In this paper, the advantages and the limitations of relational databases we will be presented. The NoSQL data model, types of NOSQL data stores, characteristics of each data store, advantages and disadvantages of NoSQL over RDBMS will also be discussed. The paper helps the interest users to take a review of the different database model solutions, which can serve as a base for selecting the proper database model that can satisfy their application requirements.
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Integrity signals
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Cites
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“SQL databases maintain <50 ms query latencies on billion-row datasets”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
In the citing paper
“Fixed-schema, row-oriented, and thus predictable systems that achieve sub-50 ms query latency with 1.1 billion row datasets (Hassan, 2021) score 3/5 on the adaptability scale but are very strong in predictability.”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
In the citing paper
“Strong consistency is available in SQL systems, as well, at 4/5, but at the cost of flexibility (Hassan, 2021).”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
In the citing paper
“SQL is unsurpassed in transactional stability (5/5 strengths) but critical on schema inflexibility (2/5 weaknesses) (Hassan, 2021).”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
In the citing paper
“Under small workloads (<1 million records), SQL systems maintained the lowest mean execution time (38-42 ms) for standardised join queries”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
In the citing paper
“SQL systems, however, have the best stability in performance (5.0), with ACID-compliant transactions allowing query latencies of less than 50 ms on datasets of more than one billion rows (Hassan, 2021).”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
In the citing paper
“They have a low-cost efficiency of 30%, which is limited by the cost of infrastructure and vendor lock-in (Hassan, 2021).”
From A REVIEW ON OBJECT-ORIENTED, OBJECT-RELATIONAL, RELATIONAL, AND NOSQL DATABASES: EVOLUTION, INTEGRATION, AND PERFORMANCE TRADE-OFFS (2025) · cites this paper as Hassan, 2021
Citations
Cites
Still being checked.
Research works printed but not linked: 24
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- jatana, 2012, A survey and comparison of relational and non-relational databases, International Journal of Engineering Research &Technology (IJERT), 1, 1
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- hecht, 2011, Nosql evaluation. In: International Conference on Cloud and Service Computing, IEEM Hong Kong China, 336
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Okoronkwo, M. C., Mustapha, M., Markus, C., Adaji, M. A., & Chibunze, N. E. (2025) · Open Journal of Physical Science (ISSN: 2734-2123) · doi:10.52417/ojps.v6i2.1039
Metadata
- Authors
- Hassan, M. A.
- Affiliations
- Zarqa University (JO)
- Corresponding author
- Hassan, Mohammad A.
- ORCID
- Hassan, Mohammad A.
- Venue
- 2021 22nd International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2021-12-21
- Pages
- 1-6
- OpenAlex
- W4206797468
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1
- FWCI
- 2.08
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT) (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Advanced Database Systems and Queries
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Cloud Computing and Resource Management
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Big Data Technologies and Applications
- Keywords
- relational databases, NoSQL databases, unstructured data, semi-structured data, scalability, real-time applications, social networking sites, database management systems
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Relational and NoSQL Databases: The Appropriate Database Model Choice. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1109/acit53391.2021.9677042
- The paper
- Hassan, M. A. (2021). Relational and NoSQL Databases: The Appropriate Database Model Choice. 2021 22nd International Arab Conference on Information Technology (ACIT). https://doi.org/10.1109/acit53391.2021.9677042
