The DOI matches its Crossref record; 49 of the 49 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The iNaturalist Species Classification and Detection Dataset
Abstract
Existing image classification datasets used in computer vision tend to have a uniform distribution of images across object categories. In contrast, the natural world is heavily imbalanced, as some species are more abundant and easier to photograph than others. To encourage further progress in challenging real world conditions we present the iNaturalist species classification and detection dataset, consisting of 859,000 images from over 5,000 different species of plants and animals. It features visually similar species, captured in a wide variety of situations, from all over the world. Images were collected with different camera types, have varying image quality, feature a large class imbalance, and have been verified by multiple citizen scientists. We discuss the collection of the dataset and present extensive baseline experiments using state-of-the-art computer vision classification and detection models. Results show that current non-ensemble based methods achieve only 67% top one classification accuracy, illustrating the difficulty of the dataset. Specifically, we observe poor results for classes with small numbers of training examples suggesting more attention is needed in low-shot learning.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Biases are not limited to the geographical provenance of images: the type of sensors used (RGB vs. infrared or thermal), the species they depict, and the imbalance in the number of individuals observed per species55,132 must also be considered when training or using models to avoid potentially catastrophic drop-offs in accuracy”
From Perspectives in machine learning for wildlife conservation (2022) · cites this paper as [132]
In the citing paper
“For example, many open imagery repositories such as Artportalen.se, Naturgucker.de, and Waarneming.nl collect images from specific regions, and most contributions on iNaturalist132 (see Table 2) come from the Northern hemisphere.”
From Perspectives in machine learning for wildlife conservation (2022) · cites this paper as [132]
Citations
Cites
Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition
He, K., Zhang, X., Ren, S., & Sun, J. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.90 · Cited by 235,474
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks
Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J. (2017) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2016.2577031 · Cited by 73,472
Faster R-CNN: Towards Real-Time Object Detection with Region Proposal Networks
Ren, S., He, K., Girshick, R., & Sun, J. (2015) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1506.01497 · Cited by 70,812
Going deeper with convolutions
Szegedy, C., Liu, W., Jia, Y., Sermanet, P., Reed, S., Anguelov, D., Erhan, D., Vanhoucke, V., & Rabinovich, A. (2015) · 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2015.7298594 · Cited by 48,562
Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context
Lin, T.-Y., Maire, M., Belongie, S., Hays, J., Perona, P., Ramanan, D., Dollár, P., & Zitnick, C. L. (2014) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-10602-1_48 · Cited by 45,460
Self-citationImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge
Russakovsky, O., Deng, J., Su, H., Krause, J., Satheesh, S., Ma, S., Huang, Z., Karpathy, A., Khosla, A., Bernstein, M., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-015-0816-y · Cited by 39,380
Squeeze-and-Excitation Networks
Hu, J., Shen, L., & Sun, G. (2018) · 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2018.00745 · Cited by 35,667
Rethinking the Inception Architecture for Computer Vision
Szegedy, C., Vanhoucke, V., Ioffe, S., Shlens, J., & Wojna, Z. (2016) · 2016 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.2016.308 · Cited by 32,138
The pascal visual object classes (VOC) challenge
Everingham, M., Van Gool, L., Williams, C. K. I., Winn, J., & Zisserman, A. (2010) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1007/s11263-009-0275-4 · Cited by 19,599
MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications
Howard, A. G., Zhu, M., Chen, B., Kalenichenko, D., Wang, W., Weyand, T., Andreetto, M., & Adam, H. (2017) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1704.04861 · Cited by 19,015
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 5
- uedai, 2017, Naturalist Research-grade Observations iNaturalist org Occurrence Dataset
- zhang, 2017, The iMaterialist Challenge 2017 Dataset, Workshop at CVPR
- khosla, 2011, Novel dataset for fine-grained image categorization, Workshop at CVPR
- krasin, 2016, Openimages: A public dataset for large-scale multi-label and multiclass image classification, Dataset
- welinder, 2010, Caltech-UCSD Birds 200
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 1,001–1,003 of 1,003
Unsupervised Learning of Visual Features by Contrasting Cluster Assignments
Caron, M., Misra, I., Mairal, J., Goyal, P., Bojanowski, P., & Joulin, A. (2020) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2006.09882 · Cited by 2,499
Differential Privacy Has Disparate Impact on Model Accuracy
Bagdasaryan, E., & Shmatikov, V. (2019) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.1905.12101 · Cited by 219
Self-supervised Pretraining of Visual Features in the Wild
Goyal, P., Caron, M., Lefaudeux, B., Xu, M., Wang, P., Pai, V., Singh, M., Liptchinsky, V., Misra, I., Joulin, A., et al. (2021) · arXiv · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2103.01988 · Cited by 141
Metadata
- Authors
- Van Horn, G., Mac Aodha, O., Song, Y., Cui, Y., Sun, C., Shepard, A., Adam, H., Perona, P., & Belongie, S.
- Affiliations
- Google (United States) (US)
- Cornell Tech (US)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Venue
- 2018 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2018-06
- Pages
- 8769-8778
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2797977484
- Semantic Scholar
- 05eb6eb4ea7d2b332295dfa5aeb64d5f47c1e628
- Cited by
- 1,451
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2026: 150 · 2025: 261 · 2024: 261 · 2023: 264 · 2022: 164 · 2021: 190 · 2020: 100 · 2019: 55 · 2018: 6
- FWCI
- 26.45
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Smart Agriculture and AI
- Keywords
- species classification, species detection, iNaturalist, class imbalance, citizen science, plant images, animal imagery, few-shot learning, image classification, object detection
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review