Semantic Drift Compensation for Class-Incremental Learning
Open accessAbstract
Class-incremental learning of deep networks sequentially increases the number of classes to be classified. During training, the network has only access to data of one task at a time, where each task contains several classes. In this setting, networks suffer from catastrophic forgetting which refers to the drastic drop in performance on previous tasks. The vast majority of methods have studied this scenario for classification networks, where for each new task the classification layer of the network must be augmented with additional weights to make room for the newly added classes. Embedding networks have the advantage that new classes can be naturally included into the network without adding new weights. Therefore, we study incremental learning for embedding networks. In addition, we propose a new method to estimate the drift, called semantic drift, of features and compensate for it without the need of any exemplars. We approximate the drift of previous tasks based on the drift that is experienced by current task data. We perform experiments on fine-grained datasets, CIFAR100 and ImageNet-Subset. We demonstrate that embedding networks suffer significantly less from catastrophic forgetting. We outperform existing methods which do not require exemplars and obtain competitive results compared to methods which store exemplars. Furthermore, we show that our proposed SDC when combined with existing methods to prevent forgetting consistently improves results.
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FSCIL has two main frameworks: one uses a feature extractor with a softmax classifier, and the other involves a feature embedding network and the nearest class mean classifier.
“FSCIL has two main frameworks, as shown in Fig. 6. The first uses a feature extractor with a softmax classifier, while the second involves a feature embedding network and the nearest class mean classifier [22, 42, 43].”
From Few-Shot Class-Incremental Learning for Classification and Object Detection: A Survey (2025) · cites this paper as [42]
Section 3.2 (page not specified) compares softmax classification with an embedding network that uses nearest-class-mean classification, supporting the two architectures described. It discusses class-incremental learning, however, and does not establish that these are the two main frameworks for few-shot class-incremental learning (FSCIL). (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Yu, L., Twardowski, B., Liu, X., Herranz, L., Wang, K., Cheng, Y., Jui, S., & van de Weijer, J.
- Affiliations
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
- Northwestern Polytechnical University (CN)
- Huawei Technologies (China) (CN)
- Venue
- 2020 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR)
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2020-06
- Pages
- 6980-6989
- ISSN
- 1063-6919 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W3035501943
- Cited by
- 340
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 30 · 2025: 61 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 63 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 47 · 2020: 8
- FWCI
- 16.33
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (cc-by)
- Funders
- Generalitat de Catalunya
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Domain Adaptation and Few-Shot Learning
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Advanced Neural Network Applications
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Data Stream Mining Techniques
- Keywords
- class-incremental learning, catastrophic forgetting, semantic drift, drift correction, embedding network, fine-grained classification, continual learning
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