The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Reliability assessment of sintered nano-silver die attachment for power semiconductors
Abstract
For decades soldering has been the technology of choice in die bonding. However, due to worldwide health protection regulations, the most common solder alloys, which contain lead, have been banned. Furthermore, standard solders cannot fulfil the reliability requirements of future power electronic devices. New interconnection technologies have to be developed. One of them is pressure sintering (p=30..50 MPa) of silver flakes below 300°C. It forms a strong, highly electrically and thermally conductive bond. In order to lower the level of pressure, silver nanoparticles can be used. Shear tests have shown that even 5 s of sintering, a temperature of 225°C, or a pressure as low as 2 MPa is sufficient to generate bonds comparable to solder and high pressure sinter joints if the remaining parameters (p, t and T, respectively) are set correctly. However, strength is only a necessary criterion as aging comes into play. Therefore, reliability tests using thermal cycling and power cycling were run. These returned superior reliability of the sintered samples. 160 million of the power cycles between +45 and +175°C run in this work can be extrapolated using a Coffin-Manson model. Solder joints failed at about 40,000 cycles.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Silver-sintered joints provide excellent electrical/thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability but face electromigration (EM) and cost challenges [2,30-35].”
From Thermal Management of Wide-Bandgap Power Semiconductors: Strategies and Challenges in SiC and GaN Power Devices (2025) · cites this paper as [35]
Citations
Cites
A Study of the Effects of Cyclic Thermal Stresses on a Ductile Metal
Coffin, L. F. (1954) · Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers · doi:10.1115/1.4015020 · Cited by 2,241
Behavior of materials under conditions of thermal stress
Manson, S. S. (1953) · NASA STI Repository (National Aeronautics and Space Administration) · Cited by 1,230
Novel large area joining technique for improved power device performance
Schwarzbauer, H., & Kuhnert, R. (1991) · IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications · doi:10.1109/28.67536 · Cited by 199
Low temperature sinter technology die attachment for power electronic applications
Göbl, & Faltenbacher (2010) · Cited by 126
Thermal cycling reliability of SnAgCu and SnPb solder joints: A comparison for several IC-packages
Vandevelde, B., González, M., Limaye, P., et al. (2006) · Microelectronics Reliability · doi:10.1016/j.microrel.2006.09.034 · Cited by 119
Constitutive Behavior of Sn3.8Ag0.7Cu and Sn1.0Ag0.5Cu Alloys at Creep and Low Strain Rate Regimes
Bhate, D., Chan, D., Subbarayan, G., et al. (2008) · IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies · doi:10.1109/tcapt.2008.2001165 · Cited by 105
Low-Temperature Sintering of Nanoscale Silver Paste for Semiconductor Device Interconnection
Bai, G. (2005) · VTechWorks (Virginia Tech) · Cited by 92
Reliability of high temperature solder alternatives
McCluskey, F. P., Dash, M., Wang, Z., & Huff, D. N. (2006) · Microelectronics Reliability · doi:10.1016/j.microrel.2006.07.090 · Cited by 91
Analysis of interfacial thermal stresses in a trimaterial assembly
SUHIR, E. (2001) · Journal of Applied Physics · doi:10.1063/1.1350623 · Cited by 90
Knoerr, M., & Schletz, A. (2010) · Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) · Cited by 86
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- rudzki, 2009, Reliability of Ag Sintering vs. Soldering, ECPE Seminar Advanced Power Electronics Packaging
- mertens, 2004, Die Niedertemperatur-Verbindungstechnik der Leistungselektronik
- klaka, 1997, Eine Niedertemperatur-Verbindungstechnik Zum Aufbau Von Leistungshalbleitermodulen
- zhang, 2005, Low-temperature Sintering Nanoscale Silver Paste as an High-Temperature package Solution, Proc CPES Power Electronics Conf
- rudzki, 2006, Aufbaukonzepte fr die leistungselektronik mit der niedertemperatur-verbindungstechnik
- knoerr, 2010, Power Semiconductor Joining through Sintering of Ag-Nanoparticles: Analysis of Suitability of Different Powders Using DSC and TGA Measurements, Abstracts and Proceedings of The World Congress on Particle Technology (WCPT6)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kim, D., Nagao, S., Chen, C., Wakasugi, N., Yamamoto, Y., Suetake, A., Takemasa, T., Sugahara, T., & Suganuma, K. (2021) · IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics · doi:10.1109/tpel.2020.3031670 · Cited by 87
Han, G., Kim, J., Park, S., & Bae, W. (2025) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics14214193 · Cited by 34
“Silver-sintered joints provide excellent electrical/thermal conductivity and high-temperature stability but face electromigration (EM) and cost challenges [2,30–35].”
Metadata
- Authors
- Knoerr, M., Kraft, S., & Schletz, A.
- Affiliations
- Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Systems and Device Technology (DE)
- ORCID
- Schletz, Andreas
- Venue
- 2010 12th Electronics Packaging Technology Conference
- Publisher
- IEEE
- Published
- 2010-12
- Pages
- 56-61
- OpenAlex
- W2142210263
- Cited by
- 184
- References
- 12
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 18 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 14.82
- Type
- conference paper
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Electronics Packaging Technology Conference (EPTC) (publishedVersion)
- Publikationsdatenbank der Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- European Commission
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electronic Packaging and Soldering Technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › 3D IC and TSV technologies
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Technologies
- Keywords
- silver nanoparticles, hot pressing, power semiconductor devices, lead-free solder alternatives, die attach, shear strength, thermal cycling, power cycling, Coffin-Manson equation, reliability, solder joint failure
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review